lesson 6 verb and open firewall

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polv committed 2026-03-27 09:47:50 +07:00
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@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
import { defineConfig, MarkdownOptions } from "vitepress"; import { defineConfig, MarkdownOptions } from "vitepress";
const host = process.env.TAURI_DEV_HOST;
// https://vitepress.dev/reference/site-config // https://vitepress.dev/reference/site-config
export default defineConfig({ export default defineConfig({
title: "ko-grammar", title: "ko-grammar",
@@ -67,5 +69,24 @@ export default defineConfig({
noExternal: [], noExternal: [],
external: ["pdfjs-dist"], // don't bundle it for SSR — leave it browser-only external: ["pdfjs-dist"], // don't bundle it for SSR — leave it browser-only
}, },
server: {
/**
* Allow Windows Firewall via Admin PowerShell with
*
* ```
* New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "Vitepress Server" -Direction Inbound -Protocol TCP -LocalPort 5173 -Action Allow
* ```
*/
port: 5173,
strictPort: true,
host: host || false,
hmr: host
? {
protocol: "ws",
host,
port: 5174,
}
: undefined,
},
}, },
}); });
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@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ async function playAudio() {
const v = voices[Math.floor(Math.random() * voices.length)]; const v = voices[Math.floor(Math.random() * voices.length)];
console.log(JSON.stringify(v)); console.log(JSON.stringify(v));
await speak({ await speak({
text: mainEl.value.innerText, text: mainEl.value.innerText.replace(/[*]/gu, " "),
language: null, language: null,
rate: null, rate: null,
volume: null, volume: null,
+61 -54
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@@ -465,23 +465,23 @@ Examples:
### Verbs ### Verbs
노력하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-30.mp3" /> = to try 노력하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-30.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to try</span>
<Details> <Details>
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- ~려고 노력하다 (to try to do). See [Lesson 32](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit-2-lower-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-2-lessons-26-33/lesson-32/) for more information. - ~려고 노력하다 (<span class="md spoiler">to try to do</span>). See [Lesson 32](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit-2-lower-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-2-lessons-26-33/lesson-32/) for more information.
Example: Example:
- 저는 한국어를 배우려고 **노력하**고 있어요 = I am **trying** to learn Korean - <TTS class="md">저는 한국어를 배우려고 **노력하**고 있어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I am **trying** to learn Korean</span>
- 그 친구를 매 주말 만나려고 **노력해요** = I **try** to meet that friend every weekend - <TTS class="md">그 친구를 매 주말 만나려고 **노력해요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **try** to meet that friend every weekend</span>
- 한국 정부는 교통사고를 방지하려고 **노력하**고 있어요 = The Korean government is **trying** to prevent traffic accidents - <TTS class="md">한국 정부는 교통사고를 방지하려고 **노력하**고 있어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">The Korean government is **trying** to prevent traffic accidents</span>
</Details> </Details>
앉다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-31.mp3" /> = to sit 앉다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-31.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to sit</span>
<Details> <Details>
@@ -491,119 +491,126 @@ This word appears in Korean Sign Explanation [Video 14]
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 앉으세요! = have a seat! - <TTS>앉으세요!</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">have a seat!</span>
Notes: Notes:
To say that one was sitting while doing something, you should attach “~아/어서” to 앉다. For example: 저는 앉아서 먹었어요 = I sat down and ate. The grammar for this is introduced in [Lesson 17](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-17-25-2/lesson-17/).
To say that one was sitting while doing something, you should attach “~아/어서” to 앉다. For example:
- <TTS>저는 앉아서 먹었어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I sat down and ate.</span> The grammar for this is introduced in [Lesson 17](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-17-25-2/lesson-17/).
Example: Example:
- 발이 아파서 **앉**고 싶어요 = I want to **sit** down because my feet are sore - <TTS class="md">발이 아파서 **앉**고 싶어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to **sit** down because my feet are sore</span>
- 저는 신발을 신으러 잠깐 **앉았어요** = I **sat** **down** for a minute in order to put on my shoe - <TTS class="md">저는 신발을 신으러 잠깐 **앉았어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **sat** **down** for a minute in order to put on my shoe</span>
- 그는 소파에 **앉아** 있어요 = He is **sitting** on the couch - <TTS class="md">그는 소파에 **앉아** 있어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">He is **sitting** on the couch</span>
- 여기에 **앉아**도 돼요? = May I **sit** here? - <TTS class="md">여기에 **앉아**도 돼요?</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">May I **sit** here?</span>
- 오빠는 바닥에 **앉아**서 점심을 먹었어요 = My brother ate lunch **sitting** on the floor - <TTS class="md">오빠는 바닥에 **앉아**서 점심을 먹었어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">My brother ate lunch **sitting** on the floor</span>
</Details> </Details>
만지다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-32.mp3" /> = to touch 만지다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-32.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to touch</span>
<Details> <Details>
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 만지지 마세요! = don’t touch! - <TTS>만지지 마세요!</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">don’t touch!</span>
Example: Example:
- 그것이 비싸서 **만지**지 마세요! = That is very expensive, so please don’t **touch** it! - <TTS class="md">그것이 비싸서 **만지**지 마세요!</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">That is very expensive, so please don’t **touch** it!</span>
- 저는 저의 머리를 부드럽게 **만졌어요** = I **touched** my hair softly - <TTS class="md">저는 저의 머리를 부드럽게 **만졌어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **touched** my hair softly</span>
</Details> </Details>
자다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-33.mp3" /> = to sleep 자다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-33.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to sleep</span>
<Details> <Details>
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 낮잠 자다 = to take a nap - <TTS>낮잠 자다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to take a nap</span>
- 늦잠 자다 = to sleep in - <TTS>늦잠 자다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to sleep in</span>
Examples: Examples:
- 너무 피곤해서 **자**고 싶어요 = I want to **sleep** because I am so tired - <TTS class="md">너무 피곤해서 **자**고 싶어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to **sleep** because I am so tired</span>
- 저는 세 시간 동안 **잤어요** = I **slept** for three hours - <TTS class="md">저는 세 시간 동안 **잤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **slept** for three hours</span>
- 저는 지금 **자**고 싶어요 = I want to **sleep** now - <TTS class="md">저는 지금 **자**고 싶어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to **sleep** now</span>
- 애기는 침대에서 **자**고 있어요 = The baby is **sleeping** in the bed - <TTS class="md">애기는 침대에서 **자**고 있어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">The baby is **sleeping** in the bed</span>
- 우리는 집에 와서 바로 **잤어요** = We came home and went to **sleep** immediately - <TTS class="md">우리는 집에 와서 바로 **잤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">We came home and went to **sleep** immediately</span>
- 저는 어젯밤에 잘 잤어요 = I **slept** well last night - <TTS class="md">저는 어젯밤에 잘 **잤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **slept** well last night</span>
- 저는 오늘 오후에 낮잠을 **잤어요** = I took a **nap** in the afternoon today - <TTS class="md">저는 오늘 오후에 낮잠을 **잤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I took a **nap** in the afternoon today</span>
</Details> </Details>
보다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-35.mp3" /> = to see 보다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-35.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to see</span>
<Details> <Details>
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 보고 싶다 = to want to see, or to “miss” - <TTS>보고 싶다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to want to see, or to “miss”</span>
Notes: Notes:
In English, there are many different ways to say that you are looking at something (to watch, to see, to look at). In Korean, “보다” takes on all of these meanings. In English, there are many different ways to say that you are looking at something (to watch, to see, to look at). In Korean, “보다” takes on all of these meanings.
Example: Example:
- 저는 어제 **영화**를 봤어요 = I **saw** a movie yesterday - <TTS class="md">저는 어제 **영화**를 봤어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **saw** a movie yesterday</span>
- 저는 마지막 것을 안 **봤어요** = I didn’t **see** the last thing (I didn’t **see** that last one) - <TTS class="md">저는 마지막 것을 안 **봤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I didn’t **see** the last thing (I didn’t **see** that last one)</span>
- 저는 그 영화를 다섯 번 **봤어요** = I **saw** that movie five times - <TTS class="md">저는 그 영화를 다섯 번 **봤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **saw** that movie five times</span>
- 저는 어제 두 시간 동안 TV를 **봤어요** = I **watched** TV for two hours yesterday - <TTS class="md">저는 어제 두 시간 동안 TV를 **봤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **watched** TV for two hours yesterday</span>
- 저는 방금 뭔가(를) **봤어요** = I just **saw** something a minute ago - <TTS class="md">저는 방금 뭔가(를) **봤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I just **saw** something a minute ago</span>
- 원숭이가 벽을 **보**고 있어요 = The monkey is **looking** at the wall - <TTS class="md">원숭이가 벽을 **보**고 있어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">The monkey is **looking** at the wall</span>
- 저는 저의 친구를 병원에서 **봤어요** = I **saw** my friend at the hospital - <TTS class="md">저는 저의 친구를 병원에서 **봤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **saw** my friend at the hospital</span>
- 형하고 아버지는 영화를 **봤어요** = My brother and dad **saw** a movie - <TTS class="md">형하고 아버지는 영화를 **봤어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">My brother and dad **saw** a movie</span>
- 교실이 너무 어두워서 학생들은 칠판을 **볼** 수 없어요 = The students can’t **see** the board because the classroom is too dark - <TTS class="md">교실이 너무 어두워서 학생들은 칠판을 **볼** 수 없어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">The students can’t **see** the board because the classroom is too dark</span>
</Details> </Details>
기다리다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-36.mp3" /> = to wait 기다리다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-36.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to wait</span>
<Details> <Details>
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 버스를 기다리다 = to wait for the bus - <TTS>버스를 기다리다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to wait for the bus</span>
- 기다리고 있다 = to be waiting - <TTS>기다리고 있다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to be waiting</span>
Notes: Notes:
In English, we say that one waits “for” something. In Korean, the common translation for “for” is ~기 위해. However, in Korean the particle “~을/를” is attached to the person/thing that one is waiting for. For example: 저는 친구를 기다리고 있어요 = I am waiting for my friend.
In English, we say that one waits “for” something. In Korean, the common translation for “for” is ~기 위해. However, in Korean the particle “~을/를” is attached to the person/thing that one is waiting for. For example:
- <TTS>저는 친구를 기다리고 있어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I am waiting for my friend.</span>
Example: Example:
- 저는 30분 동안 **기다렸어요** = I **waited** for 30 minutes - <TTS class="md">저는 30분 동안 **기다렸어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **waited** for 30 minutes</span>
- 3시까지 **기다릴** **거예요** = I will **wait** until 3:00 - <TTS class="md">3시까지 **기다릴** **거예요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I will **wait** until 3:00</span>
- 저는 줄에 서서 순서를 **기다렸어요** = I stood in line and **waited** for my turn - <TTS class="md">저는 줄에 서서 순서를 **기다렸어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I stood in line and **waited** for my turn</span>
- 저는 아직 **기다리**고 있어요 = I am still **waiting** - <TTS class="md">저는 아직 **기다리**고 있어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I am still **waiting**</span>
- 엄마는 **기다리**고 있을 것 같아요 = Mom is probably **waiting** (It seems like mom is waiting) - <TTS class="md">엄마는 **기다리**고 있을 것 같아요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">Mom is probably **waiting** (It seems like mom is waiting)</span>
- 모든 사람들은 교수님이 말씀하기 시작하는 것을 **기다렸다** = Everybody was **waiting** for the professor to start talking - <TTS class="md">모든 사람들은 교수님이 말씀하기 시작하는 것을 **기다렸다**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">Everybody was **waiting** for the professor to start talking</span>
</Details> </Details>
청소하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-37.mp3" /> = to clean 청소하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-6-37.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to clean</span>
<Details> <Details>
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 방을 청소하다 = to clean a room - <TTS>방을 청소하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to clean a room</span>
- 집을 청소하다 = to clean a house - <TTS>집을 청소하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to clean a house</span>
- 청소기 = vacuum cleaner (literally, “cleaning machine”) - <TTS>청소기</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">vacuum cleaner (literally, “cleaning machine”)</span>
Example: Example:
- 밖에 나가기 전에 집을 **청소해**야 돼요! = Before I go out, I need to **clean** the house - <TTS class="md">밖에 나가기 전에 집을 **청소해**야 돼요!</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">Before I go out, I need to **clean** the house</span>
- 저는 집을 청소기로 **청소했어요** = I **cleaned** the house with a vacuum cleaner - <TTS class="md">저는 집을 청소기로 **청소했어요**</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I **cleaned** the house with a vacuum cleaner</span>
</Details> </Details>