polv/ko-grammar
1
0 Fork 0
Code Issues Pull Requests Actions Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

lesson 23 remaining vocab

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
polv committed 2026-08-25 18:07:25 +07:00
1 parent 82b51c0703
commit fced071837
2 files changed
+408 -88
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

No files matched your search

docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/23-ㅎ-irregulars-colors.md
+386 -72
View File
@@ -166,6 +166,282 @@ vocabulary:
en: That **couple** got married 50 years ago
- ko: 저는 그런 **부부**가 되고 싶어요
en: I want to be that kind of **couple**
verbs:
- ko: 변경하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v21.mp3
en: to change
examples:
- ko: 시간이 부족해서 우리는 계획을 **변경해**야 돼요
en: We need to **change** the plans because of the lack of time
- ko: 들르다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v22.mp3
en: to stop by
notes: 들르다 follows the 르 irregular
examples:
- ko: 죄송해요! 저는 잠깐 집에 **들러**야 돼요
en: Sorry! I need to **pop into** the house for a second
- ko: 내려오다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v23.mp3
en: to come down
notes: Compound verb of 내리다 and 오다.
examples:
- ko: 예쁜 신부는 계단에서 **내려왔어요**
en: The beautiful bride **came down** the stairs
- ko: 내려가다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v24.mp3
en: to go down
notes: |
<p>Compound verb of 내리다 and 가다.</p>
<p>This is also used to refer to going down (geographically) in the country.</p>
<p>This word appears in Korean Sign Explanation [Video 16]</p>
<p><YouTube id="NcbM1Vgvu9I" /></p>
examples:
- ko: 지금 점점 어두워지고 있어서 우리는 산에서 **내려가**야 돼요
en: We need to **go down** the mountain, because it is gradually getting darker
- ko: 우리는 부산으로 **내려갔어요**
en: We **went down** to Busan
- ko: 드러내다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Lesson23vocabtoreveal.mp3
en: to reveal, to show
examples:
- ko: 그녀는 처음으로 그녀의 감정을 **드러냈어요**
en: For the first time, she **revealed** her emotions
- ko: 남자는 자기 근육을 여자들에게 **드러냈어요**
en: The man **revealed** his muscles to the girls
- ko: 발표하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v25.mp3
en: to announce
notes: The noun form of this word translates to "announcement" or "presentation"
examples:
- ko: 제가 너무 부끄러워서 **발표**를 못해요
en: I can't do **presentations** because I am so shy
- ko: 간부들은 그 결과를 회의에서 **발표했어요**
en: The executives **announced** that result at the meeting
passive_verbs:
- ko: 드러나다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v26.mp3
en: to be revealed, to be shown
examples:
- ko: 그 사람의 정체가 **드러났어요**
en: That person's identity **was revealed**
adjectives:
- ko: 푸르다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v27.mp3
en: to be sea blue
notes: |
<p>푸르다 gets conjugated into 푸르러(요) when ~아/어 is added to it.</p>
<p>I don't know of any other word that acts like this.</p>
examples:
- ko: 해가 뜨기 전에 하늘은 **푸르러요**
en: The sky was **sea blue** before the sunrise
- ko: 노랗다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v28.mp3
en: to be yellow
notes: |
<p>The pronunciation of this word is closer to "노라타"</p>
<p>노랗다 follows the ㅎ irregular</p>
examples:
- ko: 저 **노란** 집이 예뻐요
en: That **yellow** house is pretty
- ko: 저 **노란**색 집이 예뻐요
en: That **yellow** (colored) house is pretty
- ko: 불이 **노래요**
en: The light is **yellow**
- ko: 빨갛다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v29.mp3
en: to be red
notes: |
<p>The pronunciation of this word is closer to "빨가타"</p>
<p>빨갛다 follows the ㅎ irregular</p>
examples:
- ko: 얼굴이 왜 이렇게 **빨개요**?
en: Why is your face so **red**?
- ko: "**빨간** 사과는 가장 맛있어요"
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-2.mp3
en: "**Red** apples are the most delicious"
- ko: 그녀는 **빨간** 셔츠를 입고 있다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-3.mp3
en: She is wearing a **red** shirt
- ko: 하얗다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v30.mp3
en: to be white
notes: |
<p>The pronunciation of this word is closer to "하야타"</p>
<p>하얗다 follows the ㅎ irregular</p>
examples:
- ko: "**하얀색**은 가장 순수한 색깔이에요"
en: "**White** is the purest color"
- ko: 나는 **하얀** 차를 사고 싶어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-4.mp3
en: I want to buy a **white** car
- ko: 까맣다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v31.mp3
en: to be black
notes: |
<p>The pronunciation of this word is closer to "까마타"</p>
<p>까맣다 follows the ㅎ irregular</p>
examples:
- ko: 그 남자는 매일 **까만색** 옷을 입어요
en: That man wears **black** clothes every day
- ko: 저는 보통 **까만** 양복을 입어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson23-2.mp3
en: I usually wear **black** suits
- ko: 파랗다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v32.mp3
en: to be blue
notes: |
<p>The pronunciation of this word is closer to "파라타"</p>
<p>파랗다 follows the ㅎ irregular</p>
examples:
- ko: "**파란** 눈이 있는 남자가 가장 잘생겼어요"
en: Men with **blue** eyes are the most handsome
- ko: 섬세하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v33.mp3
en: to be delicate
examples:
- ko: 소설가의 설명은 아주 **섬세해요**
en: The novelists explanation is very **delicate/sophisticated**
- ko: 이렇다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Lesson23n1.mp3
en: to be like this
notes: |
<p>It is hard to describe the meaning of 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 without any other grammatical principle added to it. Much like 이, 그 and 저 can mean "this," "that" and "that;" 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 can mean "like this," "like that" and "like that."</p>
<p>It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other grammatical principles are attached to it. ~ㄴ/은 (Lesson 4) is often added to 이렇다 (to create 이런) to describe a noun.</p>
<p>~게 (Lesson 8) is often added to 이렇다 (to create 이렇게) to turn it into an adverb.</p>
<p>When Korean people ask a "why" question, they often stress "why" by using 이렇게.</p>
examples:
- ko: "**이런** 일은 위험하다"
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-35.mp3
en: "**This type** of work is dangerous"
- ko: "**이런** 차는 너무 커요"
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-36.mp3
en: "**This type** of car is too big"
- ko: 대부분 사람들은 **이런** 음식을 좋아해요
en: Most people like **this kind** of food
- ko: 저는 **이렇게** 하고 싶어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-37.mp3
en: I want to do it **like this**
- ko: "**이렇게** 아프면 약을 먹어야 돼요!"
en: If you are **this** sick, you should take some medicine!
- ko: 저는 **이렇게** 많은 단어를 외울 수 없어요
en: I can't memorize **this** many words
- ko: 왜 **이렇게** 일찍 가요?
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-38.mp3
en: Why are you going so early (**like this**)?
- ko: 이 일은 왜 **이렇게** 어려워요?
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-39.mp3
en: Why is this so hard (**like this**)?
- ko: 이 인터넷은 왜 **이렇게** 느려요?
en: Why is this internet so slow (**like this**)?
- ko: 손톱을 왜 **이렇게** 짧게 잘랐어요?
en: Why did you cut your nails so short (**like this**)?
- ko: 그렇다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Lesson23n2.mp3
en: to be like that
notes: |
<p>It is hard to describe the meaning of 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 without any other grammatical principle added to it. Much like 이, 그 and 저 can mean "this," "that" and "that;" 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 can mean "like this," "like that" and "like that."</p>
<p>It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other grammatical principles are attached to it. ~ㄴ/은 (Lesson 4) is often added to 그렇다 (to create 그런) to describe a noun.</p>
<p>~게 (Lesson 8) is often added to 그렇다 (to create 그렇게) to turn it into an adverb.</p>
<p>Many other grammatical principles are commonly added to 그렇다. I discuss this more in the actual lesson below.</p>
examples:
- ko: 저는 **그런** 사람을 믿지 않아요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-40.mp3
en: I don't trust **that type of** person/**those types of** people
- ko: 저는 과거에 **그런** 행동을 많이 했어요
en: I acted **like that** a lot in the past
- ko: 저는 **그런** 것을 좋아하지 않아요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-41.mp3
en: I don't like **that type** of thing
- ko: 저는 **그렇게** 운동 하고 싶어요
en: I want to exercise **like that**
- ko: 왜 **그렇게** 행복해 보여요?
en: Why do you look so happy? (**like that**)
- ko: "**그렇게** 하지 마!"
en: Don't do it **like that**!
- ko: "**그렇게** 할 필요가 없어요"
en: You don't need to do it **like that**
- ko: 저도 **그렇게** 생각해요
en: I think **that way** as well
- ko: 저렇다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Lesson23n3.mp3
en: to be like that
notes: |
<p>It is hard to describe the meaning of 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 without any other grammatical principle added to it. Much like 이, 그 and 저 can mean "this," "that" and "that;" 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 can mean "like this," "like that" and "like that."</p>
<p>It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other grammatical principles are attached to it. ~ㄴ/은 (Lesson 4) is often added to 저렇다 (to create 저런) to describe a noun.</p>
<p>~게 (Lesson 8) is often added to 저렇다 (to create 저렇게) to turn it into an adverb.</p>
examples:
- ko: 저는 **저런** 여자를 좋아하지 않아요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-44.mp3
en: I don't like **that kind of** girl
- ko: 저는 **저런** 차를 사고 싶어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson23-28.mp3
en: I want to buy **that type of** car
- ko: 아빠는 왜 **저렇게** 말하고 있어요?
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-46.mp3
en: Why is dad talking **like that**?
- ko: 저 사람이 왜 **저렇게** 걸어요?
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson23-29.mp3
en: Why is that person walking **like that**?
adverbs:
- ko: 대부분
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v40.mp3
en: most
notes: |
<p>Placed immediately before a noun to say "most."</p>
<p>Often times "의" is attached to 대부분 when it describes an upcoming noun.</p>
examples:
- ko: "**대부분의** 사람들은 아침밥을 먹지 않는다"
en: "**Most** people don't eat breakfast"
- ko: "**대부분** 사람들은 이런 음식을 좋아해요"
en: "**Most** people like this kind of food"
- ko: "**대부분**의 원숭이는 나무에서 살아요"
en: "**Most** monkeys live in trees"
- ko: 송이
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v41.mp3
en: counter for "bunch" of bananas or single flower
notes: You can use the word "꽃다발" to indicate that you bought a bunch or "bouquet" of flowers.
examples:
- ko: 저는 저의 여자 친구를 위해 꽃 한 **송이**를 샀어요
en: I bought **one** flower for my girlfriend
- ko: 그 마트에서 바나나 한 **송이**가 얼마예요
en: How much is **one bushel of** bananas at that mart?
- ko: 종류
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v42.mp3
en: counter for a "type/kind of thing"
notes: |
<p>The pronunciation of this word is closer to "종뉴"</p>
<p>종류 and 가지 have the same meaning. They are used as a counter when you are talking about types of things.</p>
examples:
- ko: "어떤 **종류**의 차를 원해요?"
en: What **type** of car do you want?
- ko: 가지
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v43.mp3
en: counter for a "type of thing"
notes: 종류 and 가지 have the same meaning. They are used as a counter when you are talking about types of things.
examples:
- ko: 나는 세 **가지**의 차가 있어
en: I have three **types** of tea
---
# Lesson 23: ㅎ Irregular: Colors, 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다
@@ -460,7 +736,8 @@ Examples:
<Details>
Example:
시간이 부족해서 우리는 계획을 **변경해**야 돼요 = We need to **change** the plans because of the lack of time
- 시간이 부족해서 우리는 계획을 **변경해**야 돼요 = <span class="md spoiler">We need to **change** the plans because of the lack of time</span>
</Details>
@@ -471,10 +748,12 @@ Example:
들르다 follows the 르 irregular
Common Usages:
들렀다 가다 = to pop in somewhere for a bit, and then leave
- 들렀다 가다 = <span class="md spoiler">to pop in somewhere for a bit, and then leave</span>
Example:
죄송해요! 저는 잠깐 집에 **들러**야 돼요 = Sorry! I need to **pop into** the house for a second
- 죄송해요! 저는 잠깐 집에 **들러**야 돼요 = <span class="md spoiler">Sorry! I need to **pop into** the house for a second</span>
</Details>
@@ -482,10 +761,13 @@ Example:
<Details>
Notes: Compound verb of 내리다 and 오다.
Notes:
Compound verb of 내리다 and 오다.
Example:
예쁜 신부는 계단에서 **내려왔어요** = The beautiful bride **came down** the stairs
- 예쁜 신부는 계단에서 **내려왔어요** = <span class="md spoiler">The beautiful bride **came down** the stairs</span>
</Details>
@@ -497,13 +779,16 @@ This word appears in Korean Sign Explanation [Video 16]
<YouTube id=NcbM1Vgvu9I />
Notes: Compound verb of 내리다 and 가다.
Notes:
Compound verb of 내리다 and 가다.
This is also used to refer to going down (geographically) in the country.
Example:
지금 점점 어두워지고 있어서 우리는 산에서 **내려가**야 돼요 = We need to **go down** the mountain, because it is gradually getting darker
우리는 부산으로 **내려갔어요** = We **went down** to Busan
- 지금 점점 어두워지고 있어서 우리는 산에서 **내려가**야 돼요 = <span class="md spoiler">We need to **go down** the mountain, because it is gradually getting darker</span>
- 우리는 부산으로 **내려갔어요** = <span class="md spoiler">We **went down** to Busan</span>
</Details>
@@ -512,12 +797,14 @@ Example:
<Details>
Common Usages:
마음을 드러내다 = to reveal one’s emotions/heart
몸을 드러내다 = to reveal one’s body
- 마음을 드러내다 = <span class="md spoiler">to reveal one’s emotions/heart</span>
- 몸을 드러내다 = <span class="md spoiler">to reveal one’s body</span>
Example:
그녀는 처음으로 그녀의 감정을 **드러냈어요** = For the first time, she **revealed** her emotions
남자는 자기 근육을 여자들에게 **드러냈어요** = The man **revealed** his muscles to the girls
- 그녀는 처음으로 그녀의 감정을 **드러냈어요** = <span class="md spoiler">For the first time, she **revealed** her emotions</span>
- 남자는 자기 근육을 여자들에게 **드러냈어요** = <span class="md spoiler">The man **revealed** his muscles to the girls</span>
</Details>
@@ -525,22 +812,24 @@ Example:
<Details>
The noun form of this word translates to “announcement” or “presentation”
The noun form of this word translates to “<span class="md spoiler">announcement</span>” or “<span class="md spoiler">presentation</span>”
Example:
제가 너무 부끄러워서 **발표**를 못해요 = I can’t do **presentations** because I am so shy
간부들은 그 결과를 회의에서 **발표했어요** = The executives **announced** that result at the meeting
### Passive Verbs
- 제가 너무 부끄러워서 **발표**를 못해요 = <span class="md spoiler">I can’t do **presentations** because I am so shy</span>
- 간부들은 그 결과를 회의에서 **발표했어요** = <span class="md spoiler">The executives **announced** that result at the meeting</span>
</Details>
### Passive Verbs
드러나다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v26.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be revealed, to be shown</span>
<Details>
Example:
그 사람의 정체가 **드러났어요** = That person’s identity **was revealed**
- 그 사람의 정체가 **드러났어요** = <span class="md spoiler">That person’s identity **was revealed**</span>
</Details>
@@ -550,11 +839,15 @@ Example:
<Details>
Notes: 푸르다 gets conjugated into 푸르러(요) when \~아/어 is added to it.
Notes:
푸르다 gets conjugated into <TTS>푸르러(요)</TTS> when \~아/어 is added to it.
I don’t know of any other word that acts like this.
Example:
해가 뜨기 전에 하늘은 **푸르러요** = The sky was **sea blue** before the sunrise
- 해가 뜨기 전에 하늘은 **푸르러요** = <span class="md spoiler">The sky was **sea blue** before the sunrise</span>
</Details>
@@ -567,12 +860,14 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “노라타”
노랗다 follows the ㅎ irregular
Idioms:
싹수가 노랗다 = to have a bad future ahead of you
- &NoBreak;<TTS>싹수가 노랗다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to have a bad future ahead of you</span>
Examples:
저 노란 집이 예뻐요 = That yellow house is pretty
저 노란색 집이 예뻐요 = That yellow (colored) house is pretty
불이 노래요 = The light is yellow
- 저 **노란** 집이 예뻐요 = <span class="md spoiler">That **yellow** house is pretty</span>
- 저 **노란**색 집이 예뻐요 = <span class="md spoiler">That **yellow** (colored) house is pretty</span>
- 불이 **노래요** = <span class="md spoiler">The light is **yellow**</span>
</Details>
@@ -585,12 +880,13 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “빨가타”
빨갛다 follows the ㅎ irregular
Common Usages:
빨간색 = the color red
얼굴이 빨갛다 = for a face to be red
- 빨간색 = <span class="md spoiler">the color red</span>
- 얼굴이 빨갛다 = <span class="md spoiler">for a face to be red</span>
Example:
- 얼굴이 왜 이렇게 **빨개요**? = Why is your face so **red**?
- 얼굴이 왜 이렇게 **빨개요**? = <span class="md spoiler">Why is your face so **red**?</span>
- **빨간** 사과는 가장 맛있어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-2.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">**Red** apples are the most delicious</span>
- 그녀는 **빨간** 셔츠를 입고 있다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-3.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">She is wearing a **red** shirt</span>
@@ -605,11 +901,12 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “하야타”
하얗다 follows the ㅎ irregular
Common Usages:
하얀색 = the color white
- 하얀색 = <span class="md spoiler">the color white</span>
Example:
- **하얀색**은 가장 순수한 색깔이에요 = **White** is the purest color
- **하얀색**은 가장 순수한 색깔이에요 = <span class="md spoiler">**White** is the purest color</span>
- 나는 **하얀** 차를 사고 싶어 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-4.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to buy a **white** car</span>
</Details>
@@ -623,11 +920,12 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “까마타”
까맣다 follows the ㅎ irregular
Common Usages:
까만 색 = the color black
- 까만 색 = <span class="md spoiler">the color black</span>
Examples:
- 그 남자는 매일 **까만색** 옷을 입어요 = That man wears **black** clothes every day
- 그 남자는 매일 **까만색** 옷을 입어요 = <span class="md spoiler">That man wears **black** clothes every day</span>
- 저는 보통 **까만** 양복을 입어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson23-2.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I usually wear **black** suits</span>
</Details>
@@ -641,10 +939,12 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “파라타”
파랗다 follows the ㅎ irregular
Common Usages:
파란색 = the color blue
- 파란색 = <span class="md spoiler">the color blue</span>
Example:
**파란** 눈이 있는 남자가 가장 잘생겼어요 = Men with **blue** eyes are the most handsome
- **파란** 눈이 있는 남자가 가장 잘생겼어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Men with **blue** eyes are the most handsome</span>
</Details>
@@ -653,10 +953,12 @@ Example:
<Details>
Common Usages:
감정이 섬세하다 = for one’s emotions to be delicate
- 감정이 섬세하다 = <span class="md spoiler">for one’s emotions to be delicate</span>
Example:
소설가의 설명은 아주 **섬세해요** = The novelists explanation is very **delicate/sophisticated**
- 소설가의 설명은 아주 **섬세해요** = <span class="md spoiler">The novelists explanation is very **delicate/sophisticated**</span>
</Details>
@@ -664,26 +966,26 @@ Example:
<Details>
It is hard to describe the meaning of 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 without any other grammatical principle added to it. Much like 이, 그 and 저 can mean “this,” “that” and “that;” 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 can mean “like this,” “like that” and “like that.”
It is hard to describe the meaning of 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 without any other grammatical principle added to it. Much like 이, 그 and 저 can mean “this,” “that” and “that;” <TTS>이렇다</TTS>, <TTS>그렇다</TTS> and <TTS>저렇다</TTS> can mean “like this,” “like that” and “like that.”
It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other grammatical principles are attached to it. \~ㄴ/은 ([Lesson 4](./04-adjectives.md)) is often added to 이렇다 (<span class="md spoiler">to create</span> 이런 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v34.mp3" />) to describe a noun. For example:
It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other grammatical principles are attached to it. \~ㄴ/은 ([Lesson 4](./04-adjectives.md)) is often added to 이렇다 (to create 이런 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v34.mp3" />) to describe a noun. For example:
- **이런** 일은 위험하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-35.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">**This type** of work is dangerous</span>
- **이런** 차는 너무 커요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-36.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">**This type** of car is too big</span>
대부분 사람들은 **이런** 음식을 좋아해요 = Most people like **this kind** of food
- 대부분 사람들은 **이런** 음식을 좋아해요 = <span class="md spoiler">Most people like **this kind** of food</span>
\~게 ([Lesson 8](./08-adverbs.md)) is often added to 이렇다 (<span class="md spoiler">to create</span> 이렇게 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v35.mp3" />) to turn it into an adverb. For example:
\~게 ([Lesson 8](./08-adverbs.md)) is often added to 이렇다 (to create 이렇게 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v35.mp3" />) to turn it into an adverb. For example:
- 저는 **이렇게** 하고 싶어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-37.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to do it \*\*like this</span>
- 이렇게** 아프면 약을 먹어야 돼요! = If you are **this\*\* sick, you should take some medicine!
- 저는 **이렇게** 많은 단어를 외울 수 없어요 = I can’t memorize **this** many words
- 저는 **이렇게** 하고 싶어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-37.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to do it **like this**</span>
- **이렇게** 아프면 약을 먹어야 돼요! = <span class="md spoiler">If you are **this** sick, you should take some medicine!</span>
- 저는 **이렇게** 많은 단어를 외울 수 없어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I can’t memorize **this** many words</span>
When Korean people ask a “why” question, they often stress “why” by using 이렇게. For example:
- 왜 **이렇게** 일찍 가요? <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-38.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">Why are you going so early (**like this**)?</span>
- 이 일은 왜 **이렇게** 어려워요? <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-39.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">Why is this so hard (**like this**)?</span>
- 이 인터넷은 왜 **이렇게** 느려요? = Why is this internet so slow (**like this**)?
- 손톱을 왜 **이렇게** 짧게 잘랐어요? = Why did you cut your nails so short (**like this**)?
- 이 인터넷은 왜 **이렇게** 느려요? = <span class="md spoiler">Why is this internet so slow (**like this**)?</span>
- 손톱을 왜 **이렇게** 짧게 잘랐어요? = <span class="md spoiler">Why did you cut your nails so short (**like this**)?</span>
</Details>
@@ -693,19 +995,19 @@ When Korean people ask a “why” question, they often stress “why” by usin
It is hard to describe the meaning of 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 without any other grammatical principle added to it. Much like 이, 그 and 저 can mean “this,” “that” and “that;” 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 can mean “like this,” “like that” and “like that.”
It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other grammatical principles are attached to it. \~ㄴ/은 ([Lesson 4](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-4/)) is often added to 그렇다 (<span class="md spoiler">to create</span> 그런 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v36.mp3" />) to describe a noun. For example:
It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other grammatical principles are attached to it. \~ㄴ/은 ([Lesson 4](./04-adjectives.md)) is often added to 그렇다 (to create 그런 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v36.mp3" />) to describe a noun. For example:
- 저는 **그런** 사람을 믿지 않아요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-40.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I don’t trust **that type of** person/**those types of** people</span>
- 저는 과거에 **그런** 행동을 많이 했어요 = I acted **like that** a lot in the past
- 저는 과거에 **그런** 행동을 많이 했어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I acted **like that** a lot in the past</span>
- 저는 **그런** 것을 좋아하지 않아요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-41.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I don’t like **that type** of thing</span>
\~게 ([Lesson 8](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-8/)) is often added to 그렇다 (<span class="md spoiler">to create</span> 그렇게 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v37.mp3" />) to turn it into an adverb. For example:
\~게 ([Lesson 8](./08-adverbs.md)) is often added to 그렇다 (to create 그렇게 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v37.mp3" />) to turn it into an adverb. For example:
저는 **그렇게** 운동 하고 싶어요 = I want to exercise **like that**
왜 **그렇게** 행복해 보여요? = Why do you look so happy? (like that)
**그렇게** 하지 마! = Don’t do it **like that**!
**그렇게** 할 필요가 없어요 = You don’t need to do it **like that**
저도 **그렇게** 생각해요 = I think **that way** as well
- 저는 **그렇게** 운동 하고 싶어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to exercise **like that**</span>
- 왜 **그렇게** 행복해 보여요? = <span class="md spoiler">Why do you look so happy? (**like that**)</span>
- **그렇게** 하지 마! = <span class="md spoiler">Don’t do it **like that**!</span>
- **그렇게** 할 필요가 없어요 = <span class="md spoiler">You don’t need to do it **like that**</span>
- 저도 **그렇게** 생각해요 = <span class="md spoiler">I think **that way** as well</span>
Many other grammatical principles are commonly added to 그렇다. I discuss this more in the actual lesson below.
@@ -717,15 +1019,15 @@ Many other grammatical principles are commonly added to 그렇다. I discuss thi
It is hard to describe the meaning of 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 without any other grammatical principle added to it. Much like 이, 그 and 저 can mean “this,” “that” and “that;” 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 can mean “like this,” “like that” and “like that.”
It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other grammatical principles are attached to it. \~ㄴ/은 ([Lesson 4](./04-adjectives.md)) is often added to 저렇다 (<span class="md spoiler">to create</span> 저런 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v38.mp3" />) to describe a noun. For example:
It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other grammatical principles are attached to it. \~ㄴ/은 ([Lesson 4](./04-adjectives.md)) is often added to 저렇다 (to create 저런 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v38.mp3" />) to describe a noun. For example:
- 저는 저런 여자를 좋아하지 않아요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-44.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I don’t like that kind of girl</span>
- 저는 저런 차를 사고 싶어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson23-28.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to buy that type of car</span>
- 저는 **저런** 여자를 좋아하지 않아요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-44.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I don’t like **that kind of** girl</span>
- 저는 **저런** 차를 사고 싶어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson23-28.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to buy **that type of** car</span>
\~게 ([Lesson 8](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-8/)) is often added to 저렇다 (<span class="md spoiler">to create</span> 저렇게 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v39.mp3" />) to turn it into an adverb. For example:
\~게 ([Lesson 8](./08-adverbs.md)) is often added to 저렇다 (to create 저렇게 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson23v39.mp3" />) to turn it into an adverb. For example:
- 아빠는 왜 저렇게 말하고 있어요? <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-46.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">Why is dad talking like that?</span>
- 저 사람이 왜 저렇게 걸어요? <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson23-29.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">Why is that person walking like that?</span>
- 아빠는 왜 **저렇게** 말하고 있어요? <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson23-46.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">Why is dad talking **like that**?</span>
- 저 사람이 왜 **저렇게** 걸어요? <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson23-29.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">Why is that person walking **like that**?</span>
</Details>
@@ -735,14 +1037,17 @@ It is easier to describe and understand the meaning of these words when other gr
<Details>
Notes: Placed immediately before a noun to say “most.”
Notes:
Placed immediately before a noun to say “most.”
Often times “의” is attached to 대부분 when it describes an upcoming noun.
Examples:
**대부분의** 사람들은 아침밥을 먹지 않는다 = **Most** people don’t eat breakfast
**대부분** 사람들은 이런 음식을 좋아해요 = **Most** people like this kind of food
**대부분**의 원숭이는 나무에서 살아요 = **Most** monkeys live in trees
- **대부분의** 사람들은 아침밥을 먹지 않는다 = <span class="md spoiler">**Most** people don’t eat breakfast</span>
- **대부분** 사람들은 이런 음식을 좋아해요 = <span class="md spoiler">**Most** people like this kind of food</span>
- **대부분**의 원숭이는 나무에서 살아요 = <span class="md spoiler">**Most** monkeys live in trees</span>
</Details>
@@ -750,11 +1055,14 @@ Examples:
<Details>
Notes: You can use the word “꽃다발” to indicate that you bought a bunch or “bouquet” of flowers.
Notes:
You can use the word “꽃다발” to indicate that you bought a bunch or “bouquet” of flowers.
Example:
저는 저의 여자 친구를 위해 꽃 한 **송이**를 샀어요 = I bought one flower for my girlfriend
그 마트에서 바나나 한 송이가 얼마예요 = How much is one bushel of bananas at that mart?
- 저는 저의 여자 친구를 위해 꽃 한 **송이**를 샀어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I bought **one** flower for my girlfriend</span>
- 그 마트에서 바나나 한 **송이**가 얼마예요 = <span class="md spoiler">How much is **one bushel of** bananas at that mart?</span>
</Details>
@@ -765,14 +1073,18 @@ Example:
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “종뉴”
Common Usages:
여러 종류의 = various types of…
몇 종류… = a few types of
어떤 종류의 = which type of
Notes: 종류 and 가지 have the same meaning. They are used as a counter when you are talking about _types_ of things.
- 여러 종류의 = <span class="md spoiler">various types of…</span>
- 몇 종류… = <span class="md spoiler">a few types of</span>
- 어떤 종류의 = <span class="md spoiler">which type of</span>
Notes:
종류 and 가지 have the same meaning. They are used as a counter when you are talking about _types_ of things.
Example:
[어떤 **종류**의 차를 원해요?](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/2-What-type-of-car-do-you-want.m4a) = What **type** of car do you want?
- &NoBreak;<TTS>어떤 **종류**의 차를 원해요?</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">What **type** of car do you want?</span>
</Details>
@@ -781,11 +1093,13 @@ Example:
<Details>
Common Usages:
여러 가지의 = various types of…
몇 가지… = a few types of
- 여러 가지의 = <span class="md spoiler">various types of…</span>
- 몇 가지… = <span class="md spoiler">a few types of</span>
Example:
[나는 세 **가지**의 차가 있어](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/1-I-have-three-types-of-cars.m4a) = I have three **types** of tea
- &NoBreak;<TTS>나는 세 **가지**의 차가 있어</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I have three **types** of tea</span>
</Details>