lesson 20 remaining vocab
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@@ -344,6 +344,111 @@ vocabulary:
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en: My friend's Korean (skills) really **increased/got better**
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- ko: 저의 친구는 한국어 실력을 **늘렸다**
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en: My friend **increased** his Korean skills
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adjectives:
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- ko: 둥글다
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson20v28.mp3
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en: to be round, to be spherical
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notes: 둥글다 follows the ㄹ irregular
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examples:
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- ko: 미식축구공은 **둥글**지 않아요
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en: The American football ball isn't **round**
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- ko: 어둡다
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson20v30.mp3
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en: to be dark
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notes: |
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<p>The pronunciation of this word is closer to "어둡따"</p>
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<p>어둡다 follows the ㅂ irregular</p>
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examples:
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- ko: 교실이 너무 **어두워서** 학생들은 칠판을 볼 수 없어요
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en: The students can't see the board because the classroom is too **dark**
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- ko: 지금 점점 **어두워**지고 있어서 우리는 산에서 내려가야 돼요
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en: We need to go down the mountain, because it is gradually getting **darker**
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adverbs:
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- ko: 잘
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson20v31.mp3
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en: well
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notes: |
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<p>After you finish a meal, it is polite to say "잘 먹었습니다"</p>
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examples:
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- ko: 저는 어젯밤에 **잘** 잤어요
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en: I slept **well** last night
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- ko: 선생님은 우리를 너무 **잘** 가르치셨어요
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en: Our teacher taught us really **well**
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- ko: 저는 몇몇 한국사람들보다 한국어를 더 **잘** 말할 수 있어요
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en: I can speak Korean **better** than some Korean people
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- ko: 못
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson20v32.mp3
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en: poorly
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notes: |
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<p>The pronunciation of this word is closer to "몯"</p>
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<p>The usage of 못 is very complex. See below in this lesson for more information.</p>
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examples:
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- ko: 저는 어제 시험을 못 봤어요
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson20-12.mp3
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en: I did **poorly** on the exam yesterday / I didn't write the exam yesterday
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- ko: 이 셔츠가 너무 작아서 **못** 입어요
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en: I **can't** put this shirt on because it is too small
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- ko: 저는 그 동안 공부를 **못** 했어요
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en: I **couldn't** study during that time
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- ko: 님
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson20v33.mp3
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en: adds respect to person's name or position
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notes: |
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<p>The specific words for father- and mother-in-law are 장인 and 장모님, respectively. However, it is common to politely refer to them as "father" and "mother" using ~님 as shown in the example below.</p>
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examples:
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- ko: 아버**님**과 어머**님**은 영어로 말씀을 못하셔요
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en: My mother and father in law can't speak English
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- ko: 또는
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson20v34.mp3
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en: or
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notes: |
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<p>This is usually used between two nouns or certain adverbs (usually a place or time), not between two verbs or adjectives. In order to see how to say "or" with verbs and adjectives, see Lesson 55.</p>
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examples:
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- ko: 중학교 **또는** 고등학교를 다녀요?
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en: Do you go to middle school **or** high school?
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- ko: 세
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson20v35.mp3
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en: a counter for years of age
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examples:
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- ko: 그 가게에 18**세** 미만은 못 들어가요
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en: Those under 18 **years of age** can't enter that store
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- ko: 꼭
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson20v36.mp3
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en: surely/definitely
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notes: |
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<p>This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video 5.</p>
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<p><YouTube id="wMRfpE9JdUo" /></p>
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examples:
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- ko: 우리는 이번에 **꼭** 이겨야 돼요
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en: We **must** win this time!
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- ko: 물이 넘치지 전에 **꼭** 불을 꺼야 해요
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en: You **need** to turn off the flame before the water overflows
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- ko: "**꼭** 저녁에 잠을 자기 전에 세수를 해야 해요"
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en: Before you go to sleep at night, you **must** wash your face
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- ko: 우리 둘 다 해리포터 좋아하니까, 해리포터 촬영 장소도 **꼭** 가보자!
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en: We both like Harry Potter, so let's **definitely** also go to the place where the movie was filmed!
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- ko: 아침에 눈을 뜨자마자 저는 **꼭** 커피를 마셔야 해요
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en: As soon as I wake up in the morning (as soon as my eyes open), I **need** to have coffee right away
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- ko: 물론
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audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson20v37.mp3
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en: of course
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notes: |
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<p>Often used as an adverb, for example: "물론 와도 돼요!" = "Of course you can come!"</p>
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<p>It can also be used as a noun (predicated with 이다). For example: "돈을 줄 것은 물론이죠" = "Of course I will give you the money"</p>
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examples:
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- ko: "**물론** 와도 돼요!"
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en: "**Of course** you can come!"
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- ko: "**돈을** 줄 것은 물론이죠"
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en: "**Of course** I will give you the money"
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---
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# Lesson 20: Well and Poorly: 잘 and 못
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@@ -879,7 +984,8 @@ Examples:
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둥글다 follows the ㄹ irregular
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Example:
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미식축구공은 **둥글**지 않아요 = The American football ball isn’t **round**
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- 미식축구공은 **둥글**지 않아요 = <span class="md spoiler">The American football ball isn’t **round**</span>
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</Details>
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@@ -892,8 +998,9 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “어둡따”
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어둡다 follows the ㅂ irregular
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Example:
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교실이 너무 **어두워서** 학생들은 칠판을 볼 수 없어요 = The students can’t see the board because the classroom is too **dark**
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지금 점점 **어두워**지고 있어서 우리는 산에서 내려가야 돼요 = We need to go down the mountain, because it is gradually getting **darker**
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- 교실이 너무 **어두워서** 학생들은 칠판을 볼 수 없어요 = <span class="md spoiler">The students can’t see the board because the classroom is too **dark**</span>
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- 지금 점점 **어두워**지고 있어서 우리는 산에서 내려가야 돼요 = <span class="md spoiler">We need to go down the mountain, because it is gradually getting **darker**</span>
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</Details>
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@@ -904,15 +1011,17 @@ Example:
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<Details>
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Common Usages:
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잘 자다 = to sleep well
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잘 먹다 = to eat well (this is usually said when somebody eats a lot)
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After you finish a meal, it is polite to say “잘 먹었습니다”
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- <TTS>잘 자다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to sleep well</span>
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- <TTS>잘 먹다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to eat well (this is usually said when somebody eats a lot)</span>
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After you finish a meal, it is polite to say “<TTS>잘 먹었습니다</TTS>”
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Example:
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저는 어젯밤에 **잘** 잤어요 = I slept **well** last night
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선생님은 우리를 너무 **잘** 가르치셨어요 = Our teacher taught us really **well**
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저는 몇몇 한국사람들보다 한국어를 더 **잘** 말할 수 있어요 = I can speak Korean **better** than some Korean people
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- 저는 어젯밤에 **잘** 잤어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I slept **well** last night</span>
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- 선생님은 우리를 너무 **잘** 가르치셨어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Our teacher taught us really **well**</span>
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- 저는 몇몇 한국사람들보다 한국어를 더 **잘** 말할 수 있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I can speak Korean **better** than some Korean people</span>
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</Details>
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@@ -927,8 +1036,8 @@ The usage of 못 is very complex. See below in this lesson for more information.
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Examples:
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- 저는 어제 시험을 못 봤어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson20-12.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I did **poorly** on the exam yesterday / I didn’t write the exam yesterday</span>
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- 이 셔츠가 너무 작아서 **못** 입어요 = I **can’t** put this shirt on because it is too small
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- 저는 그 동안 공부를 **못** 했어요 = I **couldn’t** study during that time
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- 이 셔츠가 너무 작아서 **못** 입어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I **can’t** put this shirt on because it is too small</span>
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- 저는 그 동안 공부를 **못** 했어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I **couldn’t** study during that time</span>
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</Details>
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@@ -937,18 +1046,20 @@ Examples:
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<Details>
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Common Usages:
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교수님 = professor
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아버님 = a polite way to refer to one’s father
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어머님 = a polite way to refer to one’s mother
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따님 = a polite way to refer to one’s daughter
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아드님 = a polite way to refer to one’s son
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고객님 = customer
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부모님 = parents
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- 교수님 = professor
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- 아버님 = a polite way to refer to one’s father
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- 어머님 = a polite way to refer to one’s mother
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- 따님 = a polite way to refer to one’s daughter
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- 아드님 = a polite way to refer to one’s son
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- 고객님 = customer
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- 부모님 = parents
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Example:
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아버님과 어머님은 영어로 말씀을 못하셔요= My mother and father in law can’t speak English
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The specific words for father- and mother-in-law are 장인 and 장모님, respectively. However, it is common to politely refer to them as “father” and “mother” using \~님 as shown in the example above.
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- 아버**님**과 어머**님**은 영어로 말씀을 못하셔요 = My mother and father in law can’t speak English
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The specific words for father- and mother-in-law are <TTS>장인</TTS> and <TTS>장모님</TTS>, respectively. However, it is common to politely refer to them as “father” and “mother” using \~님 as shown in the example above.
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</Details>
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@@ -958,7 +1069,9 @@ The specific words for father- and mother-in-law are 장인 and 장모님, respe
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Notes: This is usually used between two nouns or certain adverbs (usually a place or time), not between two verbs or adjectives. In order to see how to say “or” with verbs and adjectives, see [Lesson 55](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit-3-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-3-lessons-51-58/lesson-55/ "Lesson 55: Or ~(이)나, ~거나, 아니면").
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Example: 중학교 **또는** 고등학교를 다녀요? = Do you go to middle school **or** high school?
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Example:
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- 중학교 **또는** 고등학교를 다녀요? = <span class="md spoiler">Do you go to middle school **or** high school?</span>
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</Details>
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@@ -967,11 +1080,13 @@ Example: 중학교 **또는** 고등학교를 다녀요? = Do you go to middle s
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<Details>
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Common Usages:
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18세 미만 = under 18 years of age
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18세 이상 = over 18 years of age
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- 18세 미만 = <span class="md spoiler">under 18 years of age</span>
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- 18세 이상 = <span class="md spoiler">over 18 years of age</span>
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Example:
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그 가게에 18**세** 미만은 못 들어가요 = Those under 18 years of age can’t enter that store
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- 그 가게에 18**세** 미만은 못 들어가요 = <span class="md spoiler">Those under 18 **years of age** can’t enter that store</span>
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</Details>
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@@ -980,13 +1095,12 @@ Example:
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<Details>
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Examples:
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우리는 이번에 **꼭** 이겨야 돼요 = We **must** win this time!
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물이 넘치지 전에 **꼭** 불을 꺼야 해요 = You **need** to turn off the flame before the water overflows
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**꼭** 저녁에 잠을 자기 전에 세수를 해야 해요 = Before you go to sleep at night, you **must** wash your face
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우리 둘 다 해리포터 좋아하니까, 해리포터 촬영 장소도 **꼭** 가보자! = We both like Harry Potter, so let’s **definitely** also go to the place where the movie was filmed!
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아침에 눈을 뜨자마자 저는 **꼭** 커피를 마셔야 해요 = As soon as I wake up in the morning (as soon as my eyes open), I **need** to have coffee right away
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- 우리는 이번에 **꼭** 이겨야 돼요 = <span class="md spoiler">We **must** win this time!</span>
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- 물이 넘치지 전에 **꼭** 불을 꺼야 해요 = <span class="md spoiler">You **need** to turn off the flame before the water overflows</span>
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- **꼭** 저녁에 잠을 자기 전에 세수를 해야 해요 = <span class="md spoiler">Before you go to sleep at night, you **must** wash your face</span>
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- 우리 둘 다 해리포터 좋아하니까, 해리포터 촬영 장소도 **꼭** 가보자! = <span class="md spoiler">We both like Harry Potter, so let’s **definitely** also go to the place where the movie was filmed!</span>
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- 아침에 눈을 뜨자마자 저는 **꼭** 커피를 마셔야 해요 = <span class="md spoiler">As soon as I wake up in the morning (as soon as my eyes open), I **need** to have coffee right away</span>
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[This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video 5.]
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@@ -999,10 +1113,12 @@ Examples:
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<Details>
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Often used as an adverb, for example:
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**물론** 와도 돼요! = **Of course** you can come!
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- **물론** 와도 돼요! = <span class="md spoiler">**Of course** you can come!</span>
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It can also be used as a noun (predicated with 이다). For example:
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돈을 줄 것은 **물론**이죠 = **Of course** I will give you the money
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- 돈을 줄 것은 **물론**이죠 = <span class="md spoiler">**Of course** I will give you the money</span>
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</Details>
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