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lesson 4 adj and adverbs

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@@ -363,8 +363,8 @@ Example:
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 편지를 쓰다 = <span class="md spoiler">to write a letter</span> - <TTS>편지를 쓰다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to write a letter</span>
- 편지를 받다 = <span class="md spoiler">to receive a letter</span> - <TTS>편지를 받다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to receive a letter</span>
Examples: Examples:
@@ -383,11 +383,11 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 맛있다 = <span class="md spoiler">delicious</span> - <TTS>맛있다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">delicious</span>
- 맛없다 = <span class="md spoiler">not delicious</span> - <TTS>맛없다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">not delicious</span>
- 입맛 = <span class="md spoiler">one’s taste in food</span> - <TTS>입맛</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">one’s taste in food</span>
- 입맛에 맞다 = <span class="md spoiler">to fit one’s taste in food</span> - <TTS>입맛에 맞다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to fit one’s taste in food</span>
- 맛에 익숙하지 않다 = <span class="md spoiler">to not be accustomed to the taste of something</span> - <TTS>맛에 익숙하지 않다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to not be accustomed to the taste of something</span>
Notes: Notes:
@@ -409,9 +409,9 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “식싸”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 아침식사 = <span class="md spoiler">breakfast</span> - <TTS>아침식사</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">breakfast</span>
- 점심식사 = <span class="md spoiler">lunch</span> - <TTS>점심식사</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">lunch</span>
- 저녁식사 = <span class="md spoiler">dinner</span> - <TTS>저녁식사</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">dinner</span>
Examples: Examples:
@@ -429,14 +429,14 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 아침식사 = <span class="md spoiler">breakfast</span> - <TTS>아침식사</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">breakfast</span>
- 아침에 일어나다 = <span class="md spoiler">to wake up in the morning</span> - <TTS>아침에 일어나다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to wake up in the morning</span>
Notes: Notes:
This can also be used to refer to “breakfast.” For example: This can also be used to refer to “breakfast.” For example:
- 저는 아침을 안 먹었어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I didn’t eat breakfast</span> - <TTS>저는 아침을 안 먹었어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I didn’t eat breakfast</span>
Examples: Examples:
@@ -467,12 +467,12 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 물을 마시다 = <span class="md spoiler">to drink water</span> - <TTS>물을 마시다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to drink water</span>
- 바닷물 = <span class="md spoiler">sea water</span> - <TTS>바닷물</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">sea water</span>
- 물병 = <span class="md spoiler">water bottle</span> - <TTS>물병</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">water bottle</span>
- 수돗물 = <span class="md spoiler">tap water</span> - <TTS>수돗물</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">tap water</span>
- 얼음물 = <span class="md spoiler">fish (literally, “water meat”)</span> - <TTS>얼음물</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">fish (literally, “water meat”)</span>
- 물고기 = <span class="md spoiler">fish (literally, “water meat”)</span> - <TTS>물고기</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">fish (literally, “water meat”)</span>
Examples: Examples:
@@ -501,11 +501,11 @@ Example:
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 용돈 = <span class="md spoiler">pocket money/allowance</span> - <TTS>용돈</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">pocket money/allowance</span>
- 돈을 내다 = <span class="md spoiler">to pay (money)</span> - <TTS>돈을 내다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to pay (money)</span>
- 돈이 부족하다 = <span class="md spoiler">to not have enough money</span> - <TTS>돈이 부족하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to not have enough money</span>
- 돈을 벌다 = <span class="md spoiler">to earn money</span> - <TTS>돈을 벌다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to earn money</span>
- 돈을 주다 = <span class="md spoiler">to give money</span> - <TTS>돈을 주다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to give money</span>
Examples: Examples:
@@ -528,12 +528,12 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- ~에서 왔다 = <span class="md spoiler">to come from</span> - ~에서 왔다 = <span class="md spoiler">to come from</span>
- 내려오다 = <span class="md spoiler">to come down</span> - <TTS>내려오다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to come down</span>
- 올라오다 = <span class="md spoiler">to come up</span> - <TTS>올라오다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to come up</span>
- 다녀오다 = <span class="md spoiler">to go, and then come back</span> - <TTS>다녀오다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to go, and then come back</span>
- 갔다 오다 = <span class="md spoiler">to go, and then come back</span> - <TTS>갔다 오다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to go, and then come back</span>
- 돌아오다 = <span class="md spoiler">to come back</span> - <TTS>돌아오다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to come back</span>
- 걸어오다 = <span class="md spoiler">to come by walking</span> - <TTS>걸어오다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to come by walking</span>
Example: Example:
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ Notes:
It is often more common to use the passive form (끝나다) to indicate that you finished something. For example: It is often more common to use the passive form (끝나다) to indicate that you finished something. For example:
- 일이 끝났어요 = <span class="md spoiler">The work is finished (which implies that you finished the work)</span> - <TTS>일이 끝났어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">The work is finished (which implies that you finished the work)</span>
The grammar for this is talked about in [Lesson 14](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-14-korean-passive-verbs/). The grammar for this is talked about in [Lesson 14](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-14-korean-passive-verbs/).
@@ -593,8 +593,8 @@ Example:
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 알겠습니다 = <span class="md spoiler">This is a formal way to say “okay, I understand.”</span> - <TTS>알겠습니다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">This is a formal way to say “okay, I understand.”</span>
- 알았어 = <span class="md spoiler">This is an informal way to say “okay, I understand”</span> - <TTS>알았어</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">This is an informal way to say “okay, I understand”</span>
Examples: Examples:
@@ -621,8 +621,8 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “걷따”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 걸어가다 = <span class="md spoiler">to go by walking</span> - <TTS>걸어가다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to go by walking</span>
- 걸어오다 = <span class="md spoiler">to come by walking</span> - <TTS>걸어오다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to come by walking</span>
Example: Example:
@@ -644,9 +644,9 @@ Example:
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 한국어를 배우다 = <span class="md spoiler">to learn Korean</span> - <TTS>한국어를 배우다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to learn Korean</span>
- 영어를 배우다 = <span class="md spoiler">to learn English</span> - <TTS>영어를 배우다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to learn English</span>
- 한국어를 배우고 싶다 = <span class="md spoiler">to want to learn Korean</span> - <TTS>한국어를 배우고 싶다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to want to learn Korean</span>
Examples: Examples:
@@ -683,8 +683,8 @@ The noun form of this word translates to “a thought” or “an idea.”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 좋은 생각이 났어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I have a good idea (literally, “a good thought came up”)</span> - <TTS>좋은 생각이 났어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I have a good idea (literally, “a good thought came up”)</span>
- 무슨 생각 해? = <span class="md spoiler">What are you thinking?</span> - <TTS>무슨 생각 해?</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">What are you thinking?</span>
Notes: Notes:
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: Common Usages:
- 살아 있다 = <span class="md spoiler">to be living (the opposite of dead)</span> - <TTS>살아 있다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to be living (the opposite of dead)</span>
Notes: Notes:
@@ -753,247 +753,288 @@ Examples:
### Adjectives ### Adjectives
위험하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-36.mp3" /> = to be dangerous 위험하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-36.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be dangerous</span>
<Details> <Details>
The noun form of this word translates to “danger” The noun form of this word translates to “<span class="md spoiler">danger</span>”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
위험성 = riskiness
위험물 = something dangerous - <TTS>위험성</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">riskiness</span>
- <TTS>위험물</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">something dangerous</span>
Examples: Examples:
그 장소가 너무 **위험해**서 가지 마세요 = That place is very **dangerous**, so don’t go
이런 일은 **위험해요** = This type of work is <strong>dangerous</strong> - 그 장소가 너무 **위험해**서 가지 마세요 = <span class="md spoiler">That place is very **dangerous**, so don’t go</span>
그 사람은 **위험한** 남자입니다 = That person is a **dangerous** man - 이런 일은 **위험해요** = <span class="md spoiler">This type of work is <strong>dangerous</strong></span>
- 그 사람은 **위험한** 남자입니다 = <span class="md spoiler">That person is a **dangerous** man</span>
</Details> </Details>
잘생기다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-37.mp3" /> = to be handsome 잘생기다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-37.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be handsome</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: A composition of the adverb 잘 (well) and the verb 생기다 (to look like), which means it gets conjugated as a verb. It typically conjugates to the past tense (잘생겼다) even when talking about the present tense. Notes:
A composition of the adverb 잘 (<span class="md spoiler">well</span>) and the verb 생기다 (<span class="md spoiler">to look like</span>), which means it gets conjugated as a verb. It typically conjugates to the past tense (<TTS>잘생겼다</TTS>) even when talking about the present tense.
Examples: Examples:
그 남자는 너무 **잘생겼어요** = That man is very <strong>handsome</strong>
저는 **잘생긴** 남자를 만나요 = I meet a **handsome** man - 그 남자는 너무 **잘생겼어요** = <span class="md spoiler">That man is very <strong>handsome</strong></span>
파란 눈이 있는 남자가 가장 **잘생겼어요** = Men with blue eyes are the most <strong>handsome</strong> - 저는 **잘생긴** 남자를 만나요 = <span class="md spoiler">I meet a **handsome** man</span>
그는 별로 **잘생기지** 않았다 = He’s not that <strong>handsome</strong> - 파란 눈이 있는 남자가 가장 **잘생겼어요** = <span class="md spoiler">Men with blue eyes are the most <strong>handsome</strong></span>
그는 전혀 **잘생기지** 않았다 = He’s not **handsome** at all - 그는 별로 **잘생기지** 않았다 = <span class="md spoiler">He’s not that <strong>handsome</strong></span>
- 그는 전혀 **잘생기지** 않았다 = <span class="md spoiler">He’s not **handsome** at all</span>
</Details> </Details>
못생기다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-38.mp3" /> = to be ugly 못생기다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-38.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be ugly</span>
<Details> <Details>
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “몯쌩기다” The pronunciation of this word is closer to “몯쌩기다”
Notes: A composition of the adverb 못 (not well, poorly) and the verb 생기다. Like 잘생기다, it is conjugated as a verb in the past tense. Notes:
A composition of the adverb 못 (<span class="md spoiler">not well, poorly</span>) and the verb 생기다. Like 잘생기다, it is conjugated as a verb in the past tense.
Example: Example:
그 남자는 너무 **못생겼어요** = That man is very <strong>ugly</strong>
그 여자는 우리 반에서 제일 **못생긴** 여자예요 = That girl is the **ugliest** in our class - 그 남자는 너무 **못생겼어요** = <span class="md spoiler">That man is very <strong>ugly</strong></span>
- 그 여자는 우리 반에서 제일 **못생긴** 여자예요 = <span class="md spoiler">That girl is the **ugliest** in our class</span>
</Details> </Details>
피곤하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-39.mp3" /> = to be tired 피곤하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-39.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be tired</span>
<Details> <Details>
The noun form of this word translates to “tiredness” or “fatigue” The noun form of this word translates to “<span class="md spoiler">tiredness</span>” or “<span class="md spoiler">fatigue</span>”
Example: Example:
저는 일을 많이 해서 너무 **피곤해요** = I am very **tired** because I worked a lot
너무 **피곤해**서 자고 싶어요 = I want to sleep because I am so <strong>tired - 저는 일을 많이 해서 너무 **피곤해요** = <span class="md spoiler">I am very **tired** because I worked a lot</span>
피곤한</strong> 사람은 침대에 누워서 잤어요 = The **tired** person lied on the bed and slept - 너무 **피곤해**서 자고 싶어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to sleep because I am so **tired**</span>
잠을 못 자면 다음 날에 몸이 **피곤해져요** = If you don’t sleep well, the next day you will be **tired** - **피곤한** 사람은 침대에 누워서 잤어요 = <span class="md spoiler">The **tired** person lied on the bed and slept</span>
- 잠을 못 자면 다음 날에 몸이 **피곤해져요** = <span class="md spoiler">If you don’t sleep well, the next day you will be **tired**</span>
</Details> </Details>
다르다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-40.mp3" /> = to be different 다르다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-40.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be different</span>
<Details> <Details>
다르다 follows the 르 irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information. 다르다 follows the 르 irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information.
Common Usages: Common Usages:
또 따른 = another
Notes: When saying something is different “from” something, 와/과/랑/이랑 must be attached to the noun that is being compared. See [Lesson 15](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-15/) for more information. - <TTS>또 따른</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">another</span>
Notes:
When saying something is different “from” something, 와/과/랑/이랑 must be attached to the noun that is being compared. See [Lesson 15](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-15/) for more information.
Examples: Examples:
저는 **다른** 영화를 보고 싶어요 = I want to see a **different** movie
우리는 매우 **달라요** = We are so <strong>different</strong> - 저는 **다른** 영화를 보고 싶어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to see a **different** movie</span>
그 건물은 어제와 **달라요** = That building is **different** from yesterday - 우리는 매우 **달라요** = <span class="md spoiler">We are so <strong>different</strong></span>
고양이는 강아지와 **달라요** = Cats are **different** than dogs - 그 건물은 어제와 **달라요** = <span class="md spoiler">That building is **different** from yesterday</span>
캐나다는 한국과 문화적으로 **달라요** = Canada and Korea are culturally <strong>different</strong> - 고양이는 강아지와 **달라요** = <span class="md spoiler">Cats are **different** from dogs</span>
서양사람들은 동양사람들과 **달라요** = Western people are **different** than Eastern people - 캐나다는 한국과 문화적으로 **달라요** = <span class="md spoiler">Canada and Korea are culturally <strong>different</strong></span>
그 여자가 오늘 화장을 하지 않아서 아주 **달라** 보여요 = That girl looks very **different** today because she didn’t do her makeup - 서양사람들은 동양사람들과 **달라요** = <span class="md spoiler">Western people are **different** from Eastern people</span>
- 그 여자가 오늘 화장을 하지 않아서 아주 **달라** 보여요 = <span class="md spoiler">That girl looks very **different** today because she didn’t do her makeup</span>
</Details> </Details>
슬프다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-41.mp3" /> = to be sad 슬프다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-41.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be sad</span>
<Details> <Details>
슬프다 follows the ㅡ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information. 슬프다 follows the ㅡ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information.
Common Usages: Common Usages:
슬퍼하지 마세요 = Don’t be sad
- <TTS>슬퍼하지 마세요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">Don’t be sad</span>
Example: Example:
우리 할아버지가 죽어서 저는 너무 **슬퍼요** = I am very **sad** because my grandfather died
저의 여자친구는 어제 너무 **슬퍼** 보였어요 = My girlfriend looked really **sad** yesterday - 우리 할아버지가 죽어서 저는 너무 **슬퍼요** = <span class="md spoiler">I am very **sad** because my grandfather died</span>
제가 **슬프다**면 친구를 만나지 않을 거예요 = If I am **sad**, I’m not going to meet my friend - 저의 여자친구는 어제 너무 **슬퍼** 보였어요 = <span class="md spoiler">My girlfriend looked really **sad** yesterday</span>
- 제가 **슬프다**면 친구를 만나지 않을 거예요 = <span class="md spoiler">If I am **sad**, I’m not going to meet my friend</span>
</Details> </Details>
맛있다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-42.mp3" /> = to be delicious 맛있다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-42.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be delicious</span>
<Details> <Details>
Although technically a combination of the noun “맛” (taste) and “있다” (to have) 맛있다 is officially seen as one word (literally meaning “to have taste”) and the pronunciation of ㅅ in “맛” is transferred to the next syllable. This makes the entire word sound like “마싣따.” Although technically a combination of the noun “맛” (<span class="md spoiler">taste</span>) and “있다” (<span class="md spoiler">to have</span>) 맛있다 is officially seen as one word (literally meaning “<span class="md spoiler">to have taste</span>”) and the pronunciation of ㅅ in “맛” is transferred to the next syllable. This makes the entire word sound like “마싣따.”
Conversely, 맛없다, which means “to not be delicious,” is officially seen as two words (literally meaning “to not have taste”). As such, the pronunciation of ㅅ in “맛” is usually not transferred to the next syllable and the entire word sounds like “마덥따” Conversely, <TTS>맛없다</TTS>, which means “<span class="md spoiler">to not be delicious</span>,” is officially seen as two words (literally meaning “<span class="md spoiler">to not have taste</span>”). As such, the pronunciation of ㅅ in “맛” is usually not transferred to the next syllable and the entire word sounds like “마덥따”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
맛있는 음식 = delicious food
- <TTS>맛있는 음식</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">delicious food</span>
Examples: Examples:
**맛있는** 것을 먹고 싶어요 = I want to eat something <strong>delicious</strong>
빨간 사과는 가장 **맛**있어요 = Red apples are the most <strong>delicious</strong> - **맛있는** 것을 먹고 싶어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to eat something <strong>delicious</strong></span>
사과는 가장 **맛있는** 과일이에요 = Apples are the most **delicious** fruit - 빨간 사과는 가장 **맛**있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Red apples are the most <strong>delicious</strong></span>
한식은 너무 **맛있어요** = Korean food is very **delicious** - 사과는 가장 **맛있는** 과일이에요 = <span class="md spoiler">Apples are the most **delicious** fruit</span>
- 한식은 너무 **맛있어요** = <span class="md spoiler">Korean food is very **delicious**</span>
</Details> </Details>
재미있다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-43.mp3" /> = to be fun, to be funny 재미있다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-43.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be fun, to be funny</span>
<Details> <Details>
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “재미읻따” The pronunciation of this word is closer to “재미읻따”
Notes: Notes:
Like the word “맛있다,” 재미있다 is made up of “재미” and “있다” (to have). Therefore, even though 재미있다 is an adjective (funny), it is conjugated like 있다.
Like the word “맛있다,” 재미있다 is made up of “재미” and “있다” (<span class="md spoiler">to have</span>). Therefore, even though 재미있다 is an adjective (<span class="md spoiler">funny</span>), it is conjugated like 있다.
Examples: Examples:
그 영화가 너무 **재미있었어요** = That movie was very <strong>funny</strong>
그 남자는 **재미있는** 남자예요 = That man is a **funny** person - 그 영화가 너무 **재미있었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">That movie was very <strong>funny</strong></span>
제가 보고 있는 영화는 **재미있어요** = The movie I am watching is <strong>funny</strong> - 그 남자는 **재미있는** 남자예요 = <span class="md spoiler">That man is a **funny** person</span>
친구를 만났으면 **재미있었을** 것이다 = If I had met my friend, it would have been <strong>fun</strong> - 제가 보고 있는 영화는 **재미있어요** = <span class="md spoiler">The movie I am watching is <strong>funny</strong></span>
설사를 하는 것은 **재미있어요** = Having diarrhea is **fun** - 친구를 만났으면 **재미있었을** 것이다 = <span class="md spoiler">If I had met my friend, it would have been <strong>fun</strong></span>
- 설사를 하는 것은 **재미있어요** = <span class="md spoiler">Having diarrhea is **fun**</span>
</Details> </Details>
많다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-44.mp3" /> = to be many of, to be a lot of 많다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-44.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be many of, to be a lot of</span>
<Details> <Details>
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “만타” The pronunciation of this word is closer to “만타”
Notes: An adjective that means “many,” 많다 can be placed before a noun to describe it, for example: 많은 사람은 저를 좋아해요 (many people like me). However, 많다 is more naturally used by using the ~는 것 principle. For example: 저를 좋아하는 사람은 많아요 (literally: there are many people who like me). The ~는 것 principle is very difficult to describe, and is talked about in detail from [Lessons 26 to 33](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit-2-lower-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-2-lessons-26-33/). Notes:
An adjective that means “<span class="md spoiler">many</span>,” 많다 can be placed before a noun to describe it. For example:
- 많은 사람은 저를 좋아해요 (<span class="md spoiler">many people like me</span>)
However, 많다 is more naturally used by using the ~는 것 principle. For example:
- <TTS>저를 좋아하는 사람은 많아요</TTS> (literally: <span class="md spoiler">there are many people who like me</span>)
The ~는 것 principle is very difficult to describe, and is talked about in detail from [Lessons 26 to 33](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit-2-lower-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-2-lessons-26-33/).
Examples: Examples:
그 회사에서 일하는 사람은 **많아요** = There are **many** people who work at that company.
지난 주에 저는 계획이 **많았어요** = I had **a lot** of plans last week - 그 회사에서 일하는 사람은 **많아요** = <span class="md spoiler">There are **many** people who work at that company.</span>
동대문시장에서 아주머니가 **많아요** = There are **a lot** of older women in Dongdaemun market - 지난 주에 저는 계획이 **많았어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I had **a lot** of plans last week</span>
그곳에서 구경하는 사람이 **많아요** = There are **a** **lot** of people sightseeing in that place) - 동대문시장에서 아주머니가 **많아요** = <span class="md spoiler">There are **a lot** of older women in Dongdaemun market</span>
저는 거기에 사람이 **많을** 것 같아서 가고 싶지 않아요 = I don’t want to go there because there will probably be too **many** people - 그곳에서 구경하는 사람이 **많아요** = <span class="md spoiler">There are **a** **lot** of people sightseeing in that place</span>
- 저는 거기에 사람이 **많을** 것 같아서 가고 싶지 않아요 = <span class="md spoiler">I don’t want to go there because there will probably be too **many** people</span>
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행복하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-45.mp3" /> = to be happy 행복하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-45.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be happy</span>
<Details> <Details>
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “행보카다” The pronunciation of this word is closer to “행보카다”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
행복한 사람 = happy person
- <TTS>행복한 사람</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">happy person</span>
Example: Example:
저는 매우 **행복한** 사람이에요 = I am a very **happy** person
저는 공원에 가는 날에 항상 **행복해요** = I am always **happy** on the days I go to the park - 저는 매우 **행복한** 사람이에요 = <span class="md spoiler">I am a very **happy** person</span>
왜 그렇게 **행복해** 보여요? = Why do you look so **happy**? - 저는 공원에 가는 날에 항상 **행복해요** = <span class="md spoiler">I am always **happy** on the days I go to the park</span>
저는 **행복하**기 때문에 죽고 싶지 않아요 = I don’t want to die because I am <strong>happy</strong> - 왜 그렇게 **행복해** 보여요? = <span class="md spoiler">Why do you look so **happy**?</span>
저는 돈을 받을 때 **행복할** **거예요** = When I receive (the) money, I will be <strong>happy</strong> - 저는 **행복하**기 때문에 죽고 싶지 않아요 = <span class="md spoiler">I don’t want to die because I am <strong>happy</strong></span>
내가 **행복하**면 숙제를 잘 해 = When/If I am **happy**, I do my homework well - 저는 돈을 받을 때 **행복할** **거예요** = <span class="md spoiler">When I receive (the) money, I will be <strong>happy</strong></span>
제가 **행복하다**면 일을 더 잘 할 거예요 = If I am **happy**, I will work harder - 내가 **행복하**면 숙제를 잘 해 = <span class="md spoiler">When/If I am **happy**, I do my homework well</span>
- 제가 **행복하다**면 일을 더 잘 할 거예요 = <span class="md spoiler">If I am **happy**, I will work harder</span>
</Details> </Details>
### Adverbs and Other Words ### Adverbs and Other Words
거기 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-46.mp3" /> = there 거기 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-46.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">there</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: Notes:
The difference between “그” and “저” is the same as the difference between “거기” and “저기.” “거기” is used when referring to a place that has already been mentioned, and “저기” is used when you are referring to a place that is farther away than “여기.” The difference between “그” and “저” is the same as the difference between “거기” and “저기.” “거기” is used when referring to a place that has already been mentioned, and “저기” is used when you are referring to a place that is farther away than “여기.”
거기 and ~에세 form to make “거기서.” 거기 and ~에세 form to make “<TTS>거기서</TTS>.”
Example: Example:
**거기**서 언제부터 살았어요? = Since when did you live **there**?
**거기**에 간 적이 없어요 = I have never gone/been **there**/I haven’t been <strong>there</strong> - **거기**서 언제부터 살았어요? = <span class="md spoiler">Since when did you live **there**?</span>
제가 **거기**에 가는 중이에요 = I am going <strong>there</strong> - **거기**에 간 적이 없어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I have never gone/been **there**/I haven’t been <strong>there</strong></span>
밥을 **거기**에 두지 말아 주세요 = Don’t put the rice **there**, please - 제가 **거기**에 가는 중이에요 = <span class="md spoiler">I am going <strong>there</strong></span>
**거기**에 가고 싶으면 비행기를 타야 돼요 = If you want to go **there**, you must take an airplane - 밥을 **거기**에 두지 말아 주세요 = <span class="md spoiler">Don’t put the rice **there**, please</span>
친구가 **거기**에 많을 거라서 그 파티에 가고 싶어요 = Many of my friends will be **there**, so/therefore I want to go to that party - **거기**에 가고 싶으면 비행기를 타야 돼요 = <span class="md spoiler">If you want to go **there**, you must take an airplane</span>
- 친구가 **거기**에 많을 거라서 그 파티에 가고 싶어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Many of my friends will be **there**, so/therefore I want to go to that party</span>
</Details> </Details>
저기 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-47.mp3" /> = there (when farther away) 저기 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-47.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">there (when farther away)</span>
<Details> <Details>
저기 and ~에서 form to make “저기서” 저기 and ~에서 form to make “<TTS>저기서</TTS>”
When trying to get the attention of somebody – for example, when you want to order something at a restaurant – it is common to say “저기요!.” For example: When trying to get the attention of somebody – for example, when you want to order something at a restaurant – it is common to say “<TTS>저기요!</TTS>.” For example:
저기요! 지금 주문할게요! = Excuse me! We would like to order now! - <TTS>저기요! 지금 주문할게요!</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">Excuse me! We would like to order now!</span>
Examples: Examples:
**저기**까지 걷자! = Let’s walk that far/Let’s walk as far as **there**
이불을 다 **저기**에 넣었어요 = I put the blankets **there** - **저기**까지 걷자! = <span class="md spoiler">Let’s walk that far/Let’s walk as far as **there**</span>
**저기**까지 아주 빨리 수영하더라도 그 사람을 구하지 못할 거예요 = Even if you swim **there** very fast, you won’t be able to save that person - 이불을 다 **저기**에 넣었어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I put the blankets **there**</span>
- **저기**까지 아주 빨리 수영하더라도 그 사람을 구하지 못할 거예요 = <span class="md spoiler">Even if you swim **there** very fast, you won’t be able to save that person</span>
</Details> </Details>
지금 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-48.mp3" /> = now 지금 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-48.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">now</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: Notes:
Though referring to a time, “에” is usually not attached to “지금” Though referring to a time, “에” is usually not attached to “지금”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
지금부터 = from now
지금까지 = until now - <TTS>지금부터</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">from now</span>
- <TTS>지금까지</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">until now</span>
Example: Example:
저는 밥을 **지금** 먹고 싶어요 = I want to eat <strong>now</strong>
그 여자를 **지금**까지 좋아했어요 = I liked that girl until <strong>now</strong> - 저는 밥을 **지금** 먹고 싶어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to eat <strong>now</strong></span>
여자들은 **지금** 영화를 보고 있어요 = The girls are watching a movie <strong>now</strong> - 그 여자를 **지금**까지 좋아했어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I liked that girl until <strong>now</strong></span>
저는 밥을 다 먹어서 **지금** 배불러요 = I ate all the food, so/therefore, I am full <strong>now</strong> - 여자들은 **지금** 영화를 보고 있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">The girls are watching a movie <strong>now</strong></span>
열심히 운동하고 **지금** 힘이 빠졌어요 = After exercising, I **now** have no energy - 저는 밥을 다 먹어서 **지금** 배불러요 = <span class="md spoiler">I ate all the food, so/therefore, I am full <strong>now</strong></span>
내가 밥을 벌써 먹어서 **지금** 먹고 싶지 않아 = Because I already ate, I don’t want to eat <strong>now</strong> - 열심히 운동하고 **지금** 힘이 빠졌어요 = <span class="md spoiler">After exercising, I **now** have no energy</span>
그 학생은 어떤 여자와 **지금** 사귀고 있어요 = That student is going out with some girl **now** - 내가 밥을 벌써 먹어서 **지금** 먹고 싶지 않아 = <span class="md spoiler">Because I already ate, I don’t want to eat <strong>now</strong></span>
- 그 학생은 어떤 여자와 **지금** 사귀고 있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">That student is going out with some girl **now**</span>
</Details> </Details>
하지만 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-49.mp3" /> = but 하지만 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-4-49.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">but</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: It would be more natural to connect sentences with a grammatical principle (like ~지만 or ~는데) than to separate them using 하지만. Notes:
It would be more natural to connect sentences with a grammatical principle (like ~지만 or ~는데) than to separate them using 하지만.
Example: Example:
거기에 가고 싶어요. **하지만** 돈이 없어요 = I want to go there. **But** I have no money
저는 먹고 싶어요. **하지만** 배고프지 않아요 = I want to eat. **But**, I am not hungry - 거기에 가고 싶어요. **하지만** 돈이 없어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to go there. **But** I have no money</span>
- 저는 먹고 싶어요. **하지만** 배고프지 않아요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to eat. **But**, I am not hungry</span>
</Details> </Details>