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docs/allsetlearning/C1/index.md
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### Particles
| Grammar Point | Pattern | Examples |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| [Expressing "is or is not" with "是否"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/ASGNLGGX) | 是否 + Verb/Adjective | 我 不 知道 如果 那 个 房间 _是否_ 有 足够 空间。 |
| [Expressing possession with "之"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/ASGBAIMA) | Noun + 之 + Noun | 这些 解决 问题 的 方式 仍然 有 不足 _之_ 处。 |
| [Expressing "whether or not" with "与否"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/ASGTVKAR) | Verb/Adjective + 与否 | 成功 _与否_，都 靠 自己。 |
| [Using the particle "呗"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/ASGVBH2H) | Sentence + 呗 | 如果 你 不 想 去 就 不 去 _呗_。 |
| Grammar Point | Pattern | Examples |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| [Expressing "is or is not" with "是否"](./particles/是否.md) | 是否 + Verb/Adjective | 我 不 知道 如果 那 个 房间 _是否_ 有 足够 空间。 |
| [Expressing possession with "之"](./particles/之.md) | Noun + 之 + Noun | 这些 解决 问题 的 方式 仍然 有 不足 _之_ 处。 |
| [Expressing "whether or not" with "与否"](./particles/与否.md) | Verb/Adjective + 与否 | 成功 _与否_，都 靠 自己。 |
| [Using the particle "呗"](./particles/呗.md) | Sentence + 呗 | 如果 你 不 想 去 就 不 去 _呗_。 |
### Prepositions
| Grammar Point | Pattern | Examples |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
| [Expressing "in light of" with "鉴于"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/ASGC1BI5) | 鉴于 + observation, conclusion/suggestion | _鉴于_ 是 紧急 情况，我们 应该 尽快 做出 决定。 |
| Grammar Point | Pattern | Examples |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
| [Expressing "in light of" with "鉴于"](./prepositions/鉴于.md) | 鉴于 + observation, conclusion/suggestion | _鉴于_ 是 紧急 情况，我们 应该 尽快 做出 决定。 |
### Sentence patterns
docs/allsetlearning/C1/particles/与否.md
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# Expressing "whether or not" with "与否"
<SentenceQuiz>
- 成功 _与否_，要 靠 自己。
- 国家 发达 _与否_，取决于 它 的 人均 国内 生产 总值 有 多 高。
- 头发、 皮肤、 眼睛 等 可以 显示 身体 健康 _与否_。
</SentenceQuiz>
<TOC>
- Level: [C1](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/C1_grammar_points) / [HSK6](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/HSK6_grammar_points)
- Similar to
- Used for
- Keywords: [与](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E4%B8%8E), [与否](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E4%B8%8E%E5%90%A6), [否](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%90%A6)
</TOC>
与否 is a grammatical particle that comes from classical Chinese meaning "whether or not." It is typically used at the end of the sentence or phrase.
## Structure
Verb/Adjective + 与否
## Examples
- 成功 _与否_，要 靠 自己。
- 国家 发达 _与否_，取决于 它 的 人均 国内 生产 总值 有 多 高。
- 头发、 皮肤、 眼睛 等 可以 显示 身体 健康 _与否_。
## Sources and further reading
NEEDS SOURCES!
docs/allsetlearning/C1/particles/之.md
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# Expressing possession with "之"
<SentenceQuiz>
- 害 人 _之_ 心 不 可 有，防 人 _之_ 心 不 可 无。
- 这些 解决 问题 的 方式 仍然 有 不足 _之_ 处。
- 粗心 _之_ 害 大于 无知。
</SentenceQuiz>
<TOC>
- Level: [C1](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/C1_grammar_points) / [HSK6](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/HSK6_grammar_points)
- Similar to
- Used for: [Expressing possession](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_possession)
- Keywords: [之](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E4%B9%8B)
</TOC>
之 is one of the characters from classical Chinese that has come into common usage. It a formal written way to express possession.
## Structure
之 functions similarly to 的 in that it indicates possession. Remember that 之 is used this way formally, and most of the time it is used for titles of works, poems, formal documents etc.
Noun + 之 + Noun
### Examples
- 害 人 _之_ 心 不 可 有，防 人 _之_ 心 不 可 无。
- 这些 解决 问题 的 方式 仍然 有 不足 _之_ 处。
- 粗心 _之_ 害 大于 无知。
之 cannot simply take the place of any 的. Pay attention to the kinds of words it can be paired with.
## Sources and Further Reading
### Books
- [卓越汉语－公司实战篇](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87) (p. 199) [→buy](https://www.amazon.cn/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD-%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87-%E8%83%A1%E7%81%B5%E5%9D%87/dp/B003QZWQ6M/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1347863170&sr=8-1)
docs/allsetlearning/C1/particles/呗.md
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# Using the particle "呗"
<SentenceQuiz>
- 别问 我们 为什么 去 KTV 唱歌，热闹 好 玩儿 _呗_！
- 如果 你 不 知道 怎么 说，就 查 词典 _呗_！
- 要是 不懂，就 好好 学 _呗_。
- 如果 你 不 想 去 就 不 去 _呗_。
</SentenceQuiz>
<TOC>
- Level: [C1](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/C1_grammar_points) / [HSK6](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/HSK6_grammar_points)
- Similar to
- Used for: [Expressing the obvious](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_the_obvious)
- Keywords: [呗](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%91%97)
</TOC>
In advanced, colloquial Chinese, you may hear 呗 at the end of sentences. This particle is similar to 吧 and expresses "it's just this way." It points out something that is obvious.
## Structure
Use 呗 the same way you would any other particle, like 吧. Put it at the end of your sentence.
Sentence + 呗
呗 is one of those nuanced particles that has a few possible explanations. It can indicate that something is obvious, or it can express resignation. It can also express a lack of enthusiasm, or that something should or can only be done a certain way.
### Examples
- 别问 我们 为什么 去 KTV 唱歌，热闹 好 玩儿 _呗_！
- 如果 你 不 知道 怎么 说，就 查 词典 _呗_！
- 要是 不懂，就 好好 学 _呗_。
- 如果 你 不 想 去 就 不 去 _呗_。
## Sources and further reading
### Websites
- [[1]](http://xueshu.baidu.com/s?wd=paperuri%3A%286994ca04dfe1230f5f053f0002dcc46b%29&filter=sc_long_sign&tn=SE_xueshusource_2kduw22v&sc_vurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.doc88.com%2Fp-4819265646660.html&ie=utf-8&sc_us=3166075360886003009)
docs/allsetlearning/C1/particles/是否.md
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# Expressing "is or is not" with "是否"
<SentenceQuiz>
- 他们 _是否_ 考虑 过 在 上海 买 房？
- 你 父母 _是否_ 同意 你们 住 在 一起？
- 你 _是否_ 清楚 这样 做 的 后果？
</SentenceQuiz>
<TOC>
- Level: [C1](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/C1_grammar_points) / [HSK6](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/HSK6_grammar_points)
- Similar to
- Used for
- Keywords: [是](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E6%98%AF), [否](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%90%A6), [是否](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E6%98%AF%E5%90%A6)
</TOC>
The simplest way to understand 是否 is to think of it as a formal written version of 是不是.
## Structure
是否 is used together with a verb or an adjective.
是否 + Verb / Adj.
## Examples
- 他们 _是否_ 考虑 过 在 上海 买 房？
- 你 父母 _是否_ 同意 你们 住 在 一起？
- 你 _是否_ 清楚 这样 做 的 后果？
## Sources and further reading
### Books
- [HSK Standard Course 4下](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/HSK_Standard_Course_4%E4%B8%8B) (pp. 104) [Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy](https://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001J0ADWA&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001J0ADWA,)
- [卓越汉语－公司实战篇](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%EF%BC%8D%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87) (p. 189) [→buy](https://www.amazon.cn/%E5%8D%93%E8%B6%8A%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD-%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%E7%AF%87-%E8%83%A1%E7%81%B5%E5%9D%87/dp/B003QZWQ6M/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1347863170&sr=8-1)
NEEDS SOURCES!!
- [HSK Standard Course 4下](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/HSK_Standard_Course_4%E4%B8%8B) (pp. 60) [Anything Goes (无所不谈) →buy](https://www.amazon.cn/mn/detailApp?_encoding=UTF8&tag=allset-23&linkCode=as2&asin=B001J0ADWA&camp=536&creative=3132&creativeASIN=B001J0ADWA,)
docs/allsetlearning/C1/prepositions/鉴于.md
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# Expressing "in light of" with "鉴于"
<SentenceQuiz>
- _鉴于_ 是 紧急 情况，我们 应该 尽快 做出 决定。
- _鉴于_ 我 儿子 的 成绩 不 太 好，所以 我 让 他 去 补习班。
- _鉴于_ 上周 的 恐怖 袭击 事件，当地 政府 采取 了 特殊 的 安保 措施。
</SentenceQuiz>
<TOC>
- Level: [C1](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/C1_grammar_points) / [HSK6](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/HSK6_grammar_points)
- Similar to
- Used for: [Indicating cause and effect](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Indicating_cause_and_effect)
- Keywords: [于](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E4%BA%8E), [鉴于](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E9%89%B4%E4%BA%8E)
</TOC>
鉴于 (jiànyú) is a preposition that expresses that a certain situation has gone through previous thought and consideration. 鉴于 can be thought of as "in light of," "in view of," "seeing that," etc.
## Structure
鉴于 is used the same way as "in regards to." Just put it in the beginning of your sentence. This grammar structure is used in written or formal contexts.
鉴于 + observation, conclusion/suggestion
### Examples
- _鉴于_ 是 紧急 情况，我们 应该 尽快 做出 决定。
- _鉴于_ 我 儿子 的 成绩 不 太 好，所以 我 让 他 去 补习班。
- _鉴于_ 上周 的 恐怖 袭击 事件，当地 政府 采取 了 特殊 的 安保 措施。
## See also
- ["Due to…" with "由于"](../../B2/由于.md)
- [Stating the Effect before the Cause](../../B2/之所以.md)
- [Explaining results with "所以"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Explaining_results_with_%22suoyi%22)
- [Cause and Effect with "因为" and "所以"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Cause_and_Effect_with_%22yinwei%22_and_%22suoyi%22)
docs/allsetlearning/C1/而.md
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- Level: [C1](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/C1_grammar_points) / [HSK6](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/HSK6_grammar_points)
- Similar to
- [Expressing "as a result" with "结果"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Expressing_%22as_a_result%22_with_%22jieguo%22) (B1)
- [Expressing "as a result" with "结果"](../B1/结果.md) (B1)
- Used for: [Indicating conditions](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Indicating_conditions), [Sequencing events in time](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Sequencing_events_in_time), [Indicating cause and effect](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Indicating_cause_and_effect)
- Keywords: [因为](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E5%9B%A0%E4%B8%BA), [而](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/%E8%80%8C)
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ Sometimes, 因为 can be shortened to just 因. This is used more in sentences t
## See also
- [Cause and effect with "因为" and "所以"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Cause_and_effect_with_%22yinwei%22_and_%22suoyi%22)
- [Cause and effect with "因为" and "所以"](../A2/因为...所以.md)
- [Explaining results with "所以"](https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Explaining_results_with_%22suoyi%22)
## Sources and further reading