Special kanji words derived from other words
Enough examples and new to me (Apr 2022)
碑
Stone monument (石文)
- 碑の銘文 - monumental inscription
- (人)をしのんで碑を建てる - erect a monument to someone's memory
- 偲ぶ - to reminisce
- 昔日を偲ぶ
- 母の面影を偲ぶ
- think of [remember] one's (dead) mother
- 面影 - image, face resemblance
- その子の面影は亡き父親を偲ばせた
- He reminded me of his dead father.
彩る
色取る
- 空は夕日で赤く彩られていた
- The sky was tinged with red by the setting sun.
- 通りは造花や提灯で華やかに彩られている
- The streets are bright [brightly decorated] with artificial flowers and paper lanterns.
承る
受け賜る
- 〔謹んで聞く〕hear ⇒きく(聞く)
- ご意見を承りたい
- I'd like to hear your opinion.
- 早急にご返事を承りたい
- Please give me 「your answer as soon as possible [a prompt reply].
- ご趣旨は承りました
- I understand your viewpoint [opinion]./I understand what you mean.
- 〔伝え聞く〕
- 承ればお子さんがご病気だそうで
- I hear that your child is sick.
- 〔謹んで受ける,承知する〕
- ご依頼の件,承りました
- We will certainly comply with your request.
- ご用命を承ります
- May I help you?/What can I do for you?
- 確かに承りました
- Certainly [Very good], sir [ma'am].
- 披露宴のご相談はこの部屋で承ります
- Reservations for wedding banquets are taken in this room.
賜る
- これは宮中から賜った杯だ
- This cup was an Imperial gift.
- 受賞者は陛下に拝謁を賜った
- The prizewinners were granted an audience with the Emperor.
陥る
落ち入る. Another form suggested by IME: 陷る.
- 〔よくない状態になる〕
- 危篤に陥る
- fall into critical condition
- 昏睡状態に陥る
- 事態は回復不能の状態に陥った
- Things have lapsed into an irreparable state.
- 苦境に陥っている
- 〔計略などにかかる〕
- わなに陥る
-「fall into [be caught in/〔まんまと〕 walk into] a trap
- 誘惑に陥る
- 〔攻め落とされる〕fall ((to, into))
- ついに町は敵の手に陥った
- The town 「was finally captured by the enemy [finally fell to the enemy].
陥れる
落とし入れる
- 〔計略などで危険・困難に追い込む〕entrap
- 彼らはその男を苦境に陥れた
- They plunged the man into a difficult situation.
- 〔攻め取る〕capture
- ついに城を陥れた
- Finally they took the fortress.
鋼
刃金
- 鋼けた
- 鋼のような意志
- 鋼のような決意を曲げる
- dent the steel of resolve
- 鋼のような神経
- 鋼のように堅い断固たる決意
- steely grim determination
- 鋼のように強い肉体
- a body as strong as steel
辱める
恥ずかしめる. Uses the Kanji for 侮辱.
- 〔恥をかかせる〕
- 客の面前で辱められた
- I was put to shame in the presence of the guests.
- 彼は同僚から辱められた
- He was insulted by his colleagues.
- こんなに辱められてもう黙っていられない
- I can no longer endure such humiliations [insults].
- 〔名を汚す〕 ⇒けがす(汚す)
- 家名を辱める
- disgrace one's family name/bring disgrace upon one's family
憤る
Origin: 意気通る. Seems to be weirdly transformed somehow (according to intention?).
- be angry ((at, with, about; that));be enraged ((by, at)) ⇒おこる(怒る)
- 市長の不正に市民は憤った
- The citizens were enraged by the mayor's misdeeds.
礎
Origin: 石据え. 据える - to install.
- 〔物事の基礎となる事・人〕 ⇒きそ(基礎)
- 彼らがわが国の今日の繁栄の礎を築いたのだ
- It is they who laid the foundations for the present prosperity of our country.
- 勤勉こそ成功の礎である
- Hard work is the cornerstone of success.
As far 据える.
- 〔場所を作って物を置く〕put; install
- ストーブを部屋の真ん中に据えた
- We installed a stove in the middle of the room.
- 〔落ち着ける〕
- 腰を据えて研究する
- settle down to one's research
- 度胸を据えてかかればうまくゆくよ
- If you steel yourself for it, it will go well.
- 目を据えて見る
- 「look fixedly [stare] ((at))
- 〔人をある地位に置く〕
- 息子を後継者に据えた
- He made his son his successor.
- 〔座らせる〕
- 先生を上座に据える
- seat the teacher at the head/give the teacher the place [seat] of honor
赴く
Origin: 面向く.
- 〔ある場所・目標に向かって行く〕go; proceed
- 彼はただちに任地に赴いた
- He immediately 「proceeded to [set out for] his new post.
- 足の赴くままに海岸を散歩した
- I walked along the beach wherever my footsteps led me.
- 〔ある状態に向かって行く〕get; become
- 彼女の病気はようやく快方に赴いた
- She is gradually recovering from her illness.
- その法案は勢いの赴くところで,満場一致議会を通過した
- With the momentum that had built up behind it, the bill swept through the Diet unopposed.(▼世論などによって前から勢いがついているとき)
趣
Origin: 面向き.
- 〔趣旨〕the general meaning;《文》 the tenor ((of))
- 訳文は原文の趣を十分に伝えていない
- This translation doesn't fully convey the meaning [tenor/intent] of the original.
- ご忠告の趣は承知しました
- I understand what you want to warn me about.
- 〔事情〕
- ご病気の趣,家族一同ご案じ申し上げております
- My whole family is concerned to hear of your illness.
- 〔有様,様子,雰囲気〕appearance; look
- ここら辺りには昭和の趣がある
- This area 「reminds me [has the flavor] of the Showa era.
- 長崎の街にはどことなく異国の趣がある
- The streets of Nagasaki vaguely suggest a foreign country.
- 〔味わい〕charm
- 趣のある庭
- 「an elegant [a tasteful] garden/a garden with true character
- 神戸の夜景は趣がある
- The night view of Kobe has 「a special beauty [a beauty all its own].
卸
Origin: 下ろし - going down?
- wholesale trade
- 品物を卸で買う[売る]
- buy [sell] goods wholesale
- 卸で買って小売りする
- buy wholesale and sell retail
- 卸売り⇒卸売り
- 卸業 the wholesale business; the wholesale trade
- 卸業者 a wholesaler
- 卸商 a wholesale dealer [merchant]
- 卸値 a wholesale [trade] price
- これは卸値で5,000円です
- This sells for five thousand yen wholesale.
Written in other forms
偏る
片寄る
- 〔一部分だけに集まる〕
- 聴衆は部屋の横の方に片寄って座っていた
- The audience had clustered on one side of the room.
- Incline towards / partialism
- 〔一方に傾く〕lean, incline ((toward(s)))
- 彼の意見は左に片寄っている
- His opinions lean [are slanted/incline] toward the left.
- 食事が片寄らないようにしなさい
- Try to eat well-balanced meals.
- 〔不公平である〕be partial;〔偏見がある〕be prejudiced
- 片寄らない
- 〔公正な〕fair/unbiased/〔偏見のない〕unprejudiced
- 彼の意見は片寄っている
- He is prejudiced./His view is one-sided.
- 部下の扱い方が片寄るのはよくない
- You must 「not be partial [play favorites] when dealing with your subordinates.
閨
寝屋
- 寝室が_部屋あるアパートに住んでいる
- live in a __-bedroom apartment
- 寝室が三つの分譲マンション
- a three-bedroom condominium
Written in Kana
軛
頸木
- 牛にくびきをつける
- put a yoke on oxen/yoke oxen
- 〔自由を束縛するもの〕bondage
- 頸 appears to be used for neck in anatomy. Also, uterine cervix.
希う
乞い願う
こいねがう【▲希う・▲庶▲幾う】
- strongly desire; earnestly wish ((for))
- こいねがわくは人々に平安を与えたまえ
- We pray that there may be peace among humankind.
薪
焚き木
- 暖炉にたきぎを足す
- put more wood on the fire/add more wood to the fire
- 薪能 a torchlight performance of Noh (given outdoors in the evening)
- 薪 firewood
捗る
果取る
- 研究がはかどっている[いない]
- My research is making rapid [little] progress.
- 仕事ははかどっていますか
- How's your work going?/How are you getting along with your work?
- 工事をはかどらせる
儚い
果敢ない. 敢 appears not to list this reading.
- 〔むなしい〕vain;〔つかの間の〕 《文》 evanescent,《文》 ephemeral, fleeting
- はかない努力
- はかない幸せ
- fleeting [ephemeral] happiness
- はかない喜び
- transient [short-lived] joy
- このはかない人生
- this transitory [evanescent] life
- 〔頼みにならない〕
- 宝くじに庶民ははかない望みをかける
- The common people 「hope against hope [pin their hopes on the faint possibility] that they might win in a lottery.
- それははかない夢だった
- It was only an empty dream.
繙く
紐解く. To unravel (e.g. a mystery); to discover (the truth) (a in book)
蝕む
虫食む
- 〔少しずつ悪くする〕undermine;〔影響を与える〕affect
- 彼の健康は過労によってむしばまれた
- His health was undermined by overwork.
- そのうわさは彼の名声をむしばんだ
- The rumor adversely affected his reputation.
- 両親の離婚が娘の心をむしばんだ
- Her parents' divorce ate at her heart.
鏃
矢尻. 【矢尻・×鏃】An arrowhead.
Not to be confused with 野次る.
- 弁士を野次った
- They heckled [jeered and hooted at] the speaker./They booed and hissed the speaker (down).
- 役者は野次り倒されて[飛ばされて]舞台を下りた
- The actor was hissed [hooted] off the stage.
象る
Origin: 形取る
- それは鳥をかたどっている
- It is (made) in the shape of a bird.
- この庭は京都のある寺の庭をかたどってつくられたものだ
- This garden is modeled on that of a temple in Kyoto.
Interesting origins
頷く
Origin: 項突く. 項 also has readings of うな in addition to うなじ.
- 項垂れる
- 彼は悲しげにうなだれてそこに立っていた
- He stood there, his head drooping sadly.
- 厳然とした事実の前に彼は深くうなだれた
- He hung [bowed] his head before the solemn fact.
- 彼女は恥じ入ってうなだれていた
- She hung her head in shame.
狼
Origin: 大神. Still used in names, but readings vary, including 大神の祭, 大神神社, 大神宮, 大神拓哉, 大神いずみ.
幼い
Origin: 長無い. 長 according to Jisho is a dated term. Additionally, there is 長亀.
Less interesting ones
塊
固まり
試みる
心見る
快い
心良い
栞
枝折り
掌
手の平
腥い
生臭い
酷い
非道い. Uses the Kanji for 残酷.
瞼
目蓋. 蓋 means lid.
曙
Origin: 明仄. See 仄か.
厩
馬屋 Horse barn
諡
贈り名 a posthumous title
礫
小石. Probably more common to be 礫.
燧石
火打ち石 (a) flint