lesson 24 remaining grammar
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@@ -1184,8 +1184,8 @@ You can use these sentences intuitively just like sentences with “전.” For
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When ‘후’ is placed after a verb, it has the meaning of “after.” You learned earlier in this lesson that you must add \~기 to the stem of a verb to make “\~기 전에.” When using “후” after a verb, you do not add \~기 to the stem of the word. Instead, you must add \~ㄴ/은 to the stem of the verb. \~은 gets added to a stem where the final syllable ends in a consonant. \~ㄴ gets added directly to stems ending in a vowel. For example:
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When ‘후’ is placed after a verb, it has the meaning of “after.” You learned earlier in this lesson that you must add \~기 to the stem of a verb to make “\~기 전에.” When using “후” after a verb, you do not add \~기 to the stem of the word. Instead, you must add \~ㄴ/은 to the stem of the verb. \~은 gets added to a stem where the final syllable ends in a consonant. \~ㄴ gets added directly to stems ending in a vowel. For example:
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- 내가 먹은 후에 = After I eat
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- 내가 먹은 후에 = <span class="md spoiler">After I eat</span>
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- 내가 간 후에 = After I go
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- 내가 간 후에 = <span class="md spoiler">After I go</span>
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These can now go into sentences like “\~기 전에”
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These can now go into sentences like “\~기 전에”
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@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ These can now go into sentences like “\~기 전에”
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- 구두를 신은 후에 의자에서 일어났어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson246.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After putting on my boots, I got up from the chair</span>
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- 구두를 신은 후에 의자에서 일어났어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson246.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After putting on my boots, I got up from the chair</span>
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- 방을 치운 후에 밖에 나갔어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson247.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After cleaning up my room, I went outside</span>
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- 방을 치운 후에 밖에 나갔어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson247.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After cleaning up my room, I went outside</span>
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It is also possible to substitute the word 다음 (which you learned about in [Lesson 11](./11-time.md)) for 후 to create the same meaning. For example:
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It is also possible to substitute the word <TTS>다음</TTS> (which you learned about in [Lesson 11](./11-time.md)) for 후 to create the same meaning. For example:
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- 숙제가 끝난 다음에 나는 집에 갈 거예요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson248.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After my homework is finished, I will go home</span>
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- 숙제가 끝난 다음에 나는 집에 갈 거예요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson248.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After my homework is finished, I will go home</span>
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- 밥을 먹은 다음에 친구를 만났어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson249.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After I ate I met a friend</span>
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- 밥을 먹은 다음에 친구를 만났어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Lesson249.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After I ate I met a friend</span>
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@@ -1220,13 +1220,13 @@ These two can be used just like 전 and 후 respectively – the difference bein
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One quick thing. In a lot of the example sentences above, I placed the \~기 전에 or \~ㄴ/은 후에 clauses before the main clause of the sentence. It is important to recognize something here – what we are essentially doing is creating a unit that gives us an indication of time. For example:
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One quick thing. In a lot of the example sentences above, I placed the \~기 전에 or \~ㄴ/은 후에 clauses before the main clause of the sentence. It is important to recognize something here – what we are essentially doing is creating a unit that gives us an indication of time. For example:
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- 친구가 오기 전에 저는 은행에 갔어요 = Before my friend came, I went to the bank
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- 친구가 오기 전에 저는 은행에 갔어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Before my friend came, I went to the bank</span>
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“친구가 오기 전에” can just be seen as one unit that can be placed elsewhere in a sentence, just like other adverbs that give us an indication of time. For example:
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“<TTS>친구가 오기 전에</TTS>” can just be seen as one unit that can be placed elsewhere in a sentence, just like other adverbs that give us an indication of time. For example:
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- 저는 (at some time) 은행에 갔어요 = I went to the bank (at some time)
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- 저는 (at some time) 은행에 갔어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I went to the bank (at some time)</span>
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- 저는 (어제) 은행에 갔어요 = I went to the bank (yesterday)
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- 저는 (어제) 은행에 갔어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I went to the bank (yesterday)</span>
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- 저는 (친구가 오기 전에) 은행에 갔어요 = I went to the bank (before my friend came)
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- 저는 (친구가 오기 전에) 은행에 갔어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I went to the bank (before my friend came)</span>
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Therefore, although I often place this indication of time before the clause, it doesn’t always need to be there, and it is the discretion of the speaker that will decide exactly where to place it. Being able to create a single unit from a clause like this is a quick introduction to what you will begin learning in [Lesson 26](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit-2-lower-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-2-lessons-26-33/lesson-26/) – where you will be able to manipulate entire clauses to describe nouns in the middle of sentences.
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Therefore, although I often place this indication of time before the clause, it doesn’t always need to be there, and it is the discretion of the speaker that will decide exactly where to place it. Being able to create a single unit from a clause like this is a quick introduction to what you will begin learning in [Lesson 26](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit-2-lower-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-2-lessons-26-33/lesson-26/) – where you will be able to manipulate entire clauses to describe nouns in the middle of sentences.
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@@ -1234,12 +1234,12 @@ Therefore, although I often place this indication of time before the clause, it
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The word “since” in Korean (이래로) can be used in place of “후” in \~ㄴ/은 후에 to have the meaning of “since I…”:
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The word “since” in Korean (이래로) can be used in place of “후” in \~ㄴ/은 후에 to have the meaning of “since I…”:
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- 한국에 온 이래로 한국어를 배우고 있어요 = Since coming to Korea, I have been learning Korean
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- 한국에 온 이래로 한국어를 배우고 있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Since coming to Korea, I have been learning Korean</span>
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- 열심히 공부한 이래로 실력은 빨리 늘었어요 = Since studying hard, my skills have been quickly increasing
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- 열심히 공부한 이래로 실력은 빨리 늘었어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Since studying hard, my skills have been quickly increasing</span>
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Those two sentences are perfectly correct, but you should know that Korean people rarely use the word 이래로. You can use it, and everybody will understand what you mean (they will probably be impressed because 이래로 is a difficult word). Instead, it is more common for Korean people to use \~ㄴ/은 후에 to have the meaning of “since.” For example:
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Those two sentences are perfectly correct, but you should know that Korean people rarely use the word 이래로. You can use it, and everybody will understand what you mean (they will probably be impressed because 이래로 is a difficult word). Instead, it is more common for Korean people to use \~ㄴ/은 후에 to have the meaning of “since.” For example:
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한국에 온 이래로 한국어를 배우고 있어요.. is better said like this:
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한국에 온 이래로 한국어를 배우고 있어요. is better said like this:
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- 한국에 온 후에 한국어를 배우고 있어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson24-28.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After coming to Korea, I have been learning Korean</span>
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- 한국에 온 후에 한국어를 배우고 있어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson24-28.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">After coming to Korea, I have been learning Korean</span>
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