add vocab quiz

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polv committed 2026-07-05 11:02:22 +07:00
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@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@
import { useTemplateRef } from "vue"; import { useTemplateRef } from "vue";
import { speak, getVoices } from "tauri-plugin-tts-api"; import { speak, getVoices } from "tauri-plugin-tts-api";
defineExpose({
playAudio,
});
const { lang = "ko-KR" } = defineProps<{ const { lang = "ko-KR" } = defineProps<{
class?: string; class?: string;
lang?: string; lang?: string;
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
<template>
<div>
<nav v-if="v">
<div :class="$style.mark">
<button type="button" name="right" @click="mark(true)">✓</button>
<button
type="button"
name="wrong"
@click="mark(false)"
style="font-size: large"
>
↻
</button>
</div>
<div>
<span v-if="v.audio">
{{ v.ko }}
<AudioButton :src="v.audio" />
</span>
<TTS v-else>
{{ v.ko }}
</TTS>
<span>{{ " = " }}</span>
<span class="spoiler"> {{ v.en }} </span>
</div>
<details v-if="example">
<summary>
<span v-if="example.audio">
{{ example.ko }}
<AudioButton :src="example.audio" />
</span>
<TTS v-else ref="stts">
{{ example.ko }}
</TTS>
</summary>
<span>{{ example.en }}</span>
</details>
</nav>
<details>
<summary>Quiz options</summary>
<nav>
<span v-for="c in vCats" :key="c">
<input type="checkbox" :name="c" checked @change="updateCats(c)" />
<label :for="c"> {{ c }} </label>
</span>
</nav>
<nav>
<input
type="checkbox"
name="autoplay-audio"
v-model="vSentAutoplayAudio"
/>
<label for="autoplay-audio">autoplay sentence audio</label>
</nav>
</details>
</div>
</template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useData } from "vitepress";
import { computed, nextTick, ref, useTemplateRef } from "vue";
import TTS from "./TTS.vue";
const vCats = ref<string[]>([]);
const vChosenCats = ref<string[]>([]);
const vList = ref<IVoc[]>([]);
const vIndex = ref(0);
const vSentAutoplayAudio = ref(true);
const stts = useTemplateRef<InstanceType<typeof TTS>>("stts");
const v = computed(() => vList.value[vIndex.value]);
const example = computed(() => {
if (!v.value.examples?.length) return null;
const ex = v.value.examples;
return ex[Math.floor(Math.random() * ex.length)];
});
const MAX_VOC = 5;
interface IVoc {
ko: string;
audio?: string;
en: string;
usages?: IVoc[];
notes?: string;
examples?: IVoc[];
}
const { frontmatter } = useData();
const { vocabulary } = frontmatter.value as {
vocabulary: Record<string, IVoc[]>;
};
vCats.value = Object.keys(vocabulary);
vChosenCats.value = [...vCats.value];
makeVList();
function makeVList() {
vList.value = Object.entries(vocabulary)
.filter(([k]) => vChosenCats.value.includes(k))
.flatMap(([, v]) => v);
vList.value = vList.value
.map((s) => ({ s, k: Math.random() }))
.sort((a, b) => a.k - b.k)
.map((a) => a.s);
vIndex.value = Math.floor(
Math.random() * Math.min(MAX_VOC, vList.value.length),
);
}
function mark(isRight: boolean) {
if (isRight) {
vList.value = [...vList.value.filter((_, i) => i !== vIndex.value)];
if (vList.value.length === 0) {
makeVList();
return;
}
}
const i = Math.floor(
Math.random() * (Math.min(MAX_VOC, vList.value.length) - 1),
);
if (i >= vIndex.value) {
vIndex.value = i + 1;
} else {
vIndex.value = i;
}
if (vSentAutoplayAudio.value) {
nextTick(() => {
if (stts.value) {
stts.value.playAudio();
} else if (example.value?.audio) {
new Audio(example.value.audio).play();
}
});
}
}
function updateCats(cat: string) {
const i = vChosenCats.value.indexOf(cat);
if (i === -1) {
vChosenCats.value = [...vChosenCats.value, cat];
} else {
vChosenCats.value = [...vChosenCats.value.filter((_, j) => j !== i)];
}
makeVList();
}
</script>
<style module>
.mark {
float: right;
> * + * {
margin-inline-start: 1em;
}
}
</style>
+2 -1
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@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ import Details from "./components/Details.vue";
import SentenceQuiz from "./components/SentenceQuiz.vue"; import SentenceQuiz from "./components/SentenceQuiz.vue";
// import PDF from "./components/PDF.vue"; // import PDF from "./components/PDF.vue";
import TTS from "./components/TTS.vue"; import TTS from "./components/TTS.vue";
import VocabQuiz from "./components/VocabQuiz.vue";
import YouTube from "./components/YouTube.vue"; import YouTube from "./components/YouTube.vue";
import type { Theme } from "vitepress"; import type { Theme } from "vitepress";
export default { export default {
extends: DefaultTheme, extends: DefaultTheme,
Layout: () => { Layout: () => {
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ export default {
app.component("Details", Details); app.component("Details", Details);
app.component("SentenceQuiz", SentenceQuiz); app.component("SentenceQuiz", SentenceQuiz);
app.component("TTS", TTS); app.component("TTS", TTS);
app.component("VocabQuiz", VocabQuiz);
app.component("YouTube", YouTube); app.component("YouTube", YouTube);
// app.component("PDF", PDF); // app.component("PDF", PDF);
}, },
@@ -1,7 +1,716 @@
---
vocabulary:
nouns:
- ko: 잠
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v1.mp3
en: sleep
usages:
- ko: 늦잠 자다
en: to sleep in
- ko: 낮잠 자다
en: to take a nap
- ko: 잠이 들다
en: to fall asleep
- ko: 잠에서 깨다
en: to be woken up from sleep
- ko: 겨울잠
en: hibernation
notes: If you are just talking about sleeping, simply using the verb “자다” is usually appropriate. However, things related to sleep (sleeping in, waking up, falling asleep) usually use the word 잠
examples:
- ko: 저는 항상 일요일에 늦**잠** 자요
en: I always **sleep** in on Sundays
- ko: 저는 오늘 오후에 낮**잠**을 잤어요
en: I took a **nap** in the afternoon today
- ko: 저는 **잠**이 안 들어요
en: I can’t fall **asleep**
- ko: 모자
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v2.mp3
en: hat
usages:
- ko: 모자를 쓰다
- en: to wear a hat
examples:
- ko: 우리 학교에서 **모자**를 쓰지 마세요
en: Don’t wear a **hat** in our school
- ko: 저의 아버지는 **모자**를 항상 써요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/53.mp3
en: My father always wears a **hat**
- ko: 저는 저의 **모자**를 가져갈 거예요
en: I will bring my **hat**
- ko: 그 사람은 너무 큰 **모자**를 써요 (쓰다)
en: That person is wearing too big of a **hat**
- ko: 줄
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Lesson15vocabline.mp3
en: line, string, rope, queue
usages:
- ko: 줄넘기
en: jump rope
- ko: 줄에 서 있다
en: to be standing in line
examples:
- ko: "**줄**이 왜 이렇게 길어요?"
en: Why is the **line** so big?
- ko: 나는 **줄**에 걸렸어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/55.mp3
en: I tripped over the **line**
- ko: 감기
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v4.mp3
en: a cold
usages:
- ko: 감기에 걸리다
en: to catch a cold
examples:
- ko: "**감기**는 나았어요"
en: My **cold** is better
- ko: 따뜻하게 안 입으면 **감기**에 걸릴 거예요
en: If you don't dress warm(ly), you will catch a **cold**
- ko: 우리 애기는 어제 **감기**에 걸렸어요
en: Our baby caught a **cold** yesterday
- ko: 기침
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v5.mp3
en: cough
usages:
- ko: 기침을 하다
en: to cough
examples:
- ko: 그는 심하게 **기침**을 했어요
en: He was **coughing** severely
- ko: 저의 아들은 시끄럽게 **기침**했어요
en: My son was **coughing** loudly
- ko: 설사
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v6.mp3
en: diarrhea
notes: The pronunciation of this word is closer to "설싸"
usages:
- ko: 설사를 하다
en: to have diarrhea
examples:
- ko: "**설사**는 맛있어요"
en: "**Diarrhea** is delicious"
- ko: "**설사**를 하는 것은 재미있어요"
en: Having **diarrhea** is fun
- ko: 독감
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v7.mp3
en: the flu
usages:
- ko: 독감에 걸리다
en: to catch/have the flu
examples:
- ko: 모든 학생들은 **독감**에 걸렸어요
en: All the students have the **flu**
- ko: 재채기
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v8.mp3
en: sneeze
usages:
- ko: 재채기를 하다
en: to sneeze
- ko: 재채기를 참다
en: to hold a sneeze
examples:
- ko: 나이가 많은 사람들은 항상 **재채기**를 시끄럽게 해요
en: Old people always **sneeze** loudly
- ko: 동아리
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v9.mp3
en: a club in school or university
notes: It's hard to explain exactly what this is in English – but Korean high school students are usually forced to join a club at school. These clubs are called "동아리"
examples:
- ko: 저는 댄스 **동아리**에 들었어요
en: I entered a dancing **club**
- ko: 무슨 **동아리** 해?
en: What **club** are you in?
- ko: 취미
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v10.mp3
en: hobby
usages:
- ko: 취미 삼아…. 하다
en: to do something as a hobby
examples:
- ko: "**취미**가 뭐예요?"
en: What are(is) your **hobbies**?
- ko: 저는 **취미**가 없어요
en: I don't have any **hobbies**
- ko: 수학
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v11.mp3
en: math
usages:
- ko: 수학수업
en: math class
- ko: 수학문제
en: math problem
- ko: 수학 교과서
en: math text book
examples:
- ko: 저는 **수학**을 못해요
en: I am bad at **math**
- ko: 저는 그 **수학**문제를 연필과 종이로 풀었어요
en: I solved that **math** problem using a paper and a pencil
- ko: "**수학**은 제가 제일 좋아하는 수업이에요"
en: "**Math** is my favorite class"
- ko: 가족
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v12.mp3
en: family
usages:
- ko: 우리 가족
en: our family
- ko: 가족용
en: something intended for use for families
- ko: 대가족
en: big family
examples:
- ko: 저는 어제 **가족**을 만났어요
en: I met my **family** yesterday
- ko: 우리 **가족**은 일요일마다 교회를 다녀요
en: Our **family** goes to church every Sunday
- ko: "**가족**은 가장 중요해요"
en: Family is the most **important**
- ko: 제가 미국에 있었을 때 **가족**을 보고 싶었어요
en: When I was in the US, I missed my **family**
- ko: 저는 여자친구를 **가족**한테 소개했어요
en: I introduced my girlfriend to my **family**
- ko: 실력
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v13.mp3
en: skills
usages:
- ko: 영어실력
en: English ability
- ko: 한국어실력
en: Korean ability
- ko: 실력을 늘리다
en: to increase one's ability
- ko: 실력이 늘다
en: for one's ability to be increased
- ko: 실력이 떨어지다
en: for one's skills to go down
examples:
- ko: 그 학생은 또래보다 영어**실력**이 뒤처지고 있어요
en: That student is falling behind his peers in English **ability**
- ko: 저의 한국어**실력**은 작년보다 많이 늘었어요
en: My Korean **skills** have gotten much better compared to last year
- ko: 열심히 공부한 이래로 **실력**은 빨리 늘었어요
en: Since studying hard, my **skills** have been increasing
- ko: 사촌
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v14.mp3
en: cousin
notes: '"사" represents that your cousins are four measures of "blood" away from you. Your uncles are one step closer, and therefore "삼" is used in the word "삼촌"'
examples:
- ko: 저의 **사촌**은 군대에 갔어요
en: My **cousin** went to the army
- ko: 삶
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v15.mp3
en: life
notes: The pronunciation of this word is closer to "삼"
usages:
- ko: ~삶을 살다
en: to live a life of~
- ko: 삶의 의미
en: the meaning of life
examples:
- ko: 그는 흥미로운 **삶**을 살아요
en: He lives an interesting **life**
- ko: 그는 어려운 **삶**을 경험했어요
en: He experienced a difficult **life**
- ko: 맥주
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v16.mp3
en: beer
notes: The pronunciation of this word is closer to "맥쭈"
usages:
- ko: 맥주 두 병
en: two bottles of beer
- ko: 맥주 두 잔
en: two glasses of beer
- ko: 생맥주
en: tap beer
examples:
- ko: "**맥주** 한 병 주세요!"
en: One bottle of **beer**, please!
- ko: 한국 사람들은 **맥주**를 자주 마시지 않아요
en: Korean people don't drink **beer** often
- ko: 아저씨! **맥주** 한 잔 주세요!
en: Sir! Give me one glass of **beer** please!
- ko: "**맥주**가 싫어요"
en: I don't like **beer**
- ko: 과거
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v17.mp3
en: past
notes: 'This can be used as an adverb to indicate something happened in the past. For example: "저는 **과거**에 그런 행동을 많이 했어요" = "I acted like that a lot in the **past**". It can also be used as a noun, for example: "그의 **과거**는 큰 비밀이에요" = "His **past** is a big secret"'
examples:
- ko: "저는 **과거**에 그런 행동을 많이 했어요"
en: "I acted like that a lot in the **past**"
- ko: "그의 **과거**는 큰 비밀이에요"
en: "His **past** is a big secret"
- ko: 마음
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v18.mp3
en: one's heart/mind
usages:
- ko: 마음 대로
en: as one wishes
- ko: 마음에 들다
en: to like something (literally, for something to go into one's heart)
- ko: 마음이 변하다
en: to change one's mind
- ko: 마음에 걸리다
en: to feel guilty about something (for something to be caught in one's heart)
- ko: 마음을 정하다
en: to make up one's mind
examples:
- ko: 그 사람의 **마음**은 따뜻해요
en: That person has a warm **heart**
- ko: 그것을 **마음** **대로** 하세요
en: Do that **as you wish**
- ko: 저는 저 그림이 **마음에 들어요**
en: I **like** that picture
- ko: 그림
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Lesson15vpicture.mp3
en: picture, painting
notes: 'This word isn''t used to refer to a picture that one takes with a camera. Use "사진" for that word.'
usages:
- ko: 그림을 그리다
en: to draw a picture
- ko: 그림자
en: shadow
examples:
- ko: "**그림**은 벽에 걸려 있어요"
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/54.mp3
en: The **picture** is hanging on the wall
- ko: 저는 그 **그림**이 마음에 들어요
en: I like that **picture**
- ko: "**그** 그림은 높은 가치가 있어요"
en: That **picture** has a high value
- ko: 그 학생은 그림을 잘 그리는 재능을 가지고 있어요
en: That student has a talent for **drawing** (**pictures**)
- ko: 그 **그림**을 볼 때 배경이 무슨 의미가 있는지 생각해 보세요
en: When you look at the **painting,** try to think about what meaning the background has
- ko: 속
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v46.mp3
en: inside
usages:
- ko: 물속
en: inside the water
- ko: 뱃속
en: inside a stomach/belly
- ko: 꿈속에
en: in one's dream
notes: 'Korean people can''t explain the difference between 안 and 속. 속 is more commonly used when, if you enter something, the place will be filled with stuff and is not "empty". Conversely, "안" would be more commonly used when, if you enter something, the place is basically empty. For example, if you enter water or if you enter your body. In both cases, "속" would be used to refer to the inside of a body, or the inside of water. If you enter your body, it is filled with stuff, and if you enter the water, it is still all water. The opposite is if you are talking about a room, or a building. You can go into those places and it is relatively empty.'
examples:
- ko: 저는 **속**이 안 좋아요
en: I don't feel good (my **insides** aren't good)
verbs:
- ko: 들다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v19.mp3
en: to lift, to carry, to hold
notes: 들다 follows the ㄹ irregular. 들다 can be used in many different ways. "to lift/carry/hold something" is one of the main overarching usages. See below in this lesson for more information.
usages:
- ko: 고개를 들다
en: to raise one's head
- ko: 손을 들다
en: to raise one's hand
- ko: 들어올리다
en: to raise something/put it up
examples:
- ko: 저는 바닥에 있는 박스를 **들었어요**
en: I **lifted** the box on the floor
- ko: 그는 고개를 **들었어요**
en: He **lifted** his head
- ko: 저는 손을 **들었어요**
en: I **raised** my hand
- ko: 저는 가방을 **들었어요**
en: I **carried** the/my bag
- ko: 들다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v20.mp3
en: to enter, to go into
notes: 들다 follows the ㄹ irregular. 들다 can be used in many different ways. "to enter, go into" is one of the main overarching usages. See below in this lesson for more information.
usages:
- ko: 들어가다
en: to go in
- ko: 들어오다
en: to come in
examples:
- ko: 나는 동아리에 **들었어**
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/21.mp3
en: I **joined** a club
- ko: 저는 잠이 **들었어요**
en: I **fell** asleep (I **"entered"** sleep)
- ko: 저는 그 그림이 마음에 **들어요**
en: I **like** that picture (That picture **enters** my heart)
- ko: 가져오다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v21.mp3
en: to bring an object
notes: 'The pronunciation of this word is closer to "가저오다". This is not used when you "bring" a person somewhere. Instead, the word "데려오다" is used. 가져오다 often translates to "to bring" and 가져가다 often translates to "to take." However, the translation of "to bring" could work for both 가져오다 and 가져가다. 가지다 means "to possess" and "오다" and "가다" mean "to come" and "to go" respectively. Deciding to use 가져오다 or 가져가다 depends on the point of reference of the acting agent in the sentence to the speaker. Specifically, whether the acting agent is coming or going to the location in question. Imagine you have money at your house, and you will go to your friend''s house later to give it to him. Therefore, you will have to "bring" or "take" (same meaning) that money with you when you head over there. If you are currently at your house and are talking to your friend about what you will do, you should use the word "가져가다" because you are going to your friend''s house while in possession of the money (저는 돈을 가져갈 거예요). In this example, 가져가다 is used and the best English translation would be "I will bring the money." However, imagine you have already arrived at your friend''s house with the money. You can use the word "가져오다" because you came to your friend''s house while in possession of the money (저는 돈을 가져왔어요). In this example, 가져오다 is used and the best English translation would be "I brought the money." People would read those two examples and think "Oh, so if it is something happening in the future – I should use 가져가다 and if it is something happening in the past, I should use 가져오다." No. It has nothing to do with the tense of the sentence. It has everything to do with the point of reference of the acting agent of the sentence to the speaker. For example, imagine you are at your house with the money. If your friend wants to tell you to "bring the money," he should use the word "가져오다" because you are coming (not going) to him. To his reference, you are "coming." In this case, 가져오다 should be used.'
examples:
- ko: 저는 저의 숙제를 **가져왔어요**
en: I **brought** my homework
- ko: 저는 지갑을 안 **가져왔어요**
en: I didn't **bring** my wallet
- ko: 저는 친구가 사과를 **가져오**는 것을 원해요
en: I want my friend to **bring** apples
- ko: 비가 올 까봐 우산을 **가져왔어요**
en: I **brought** an umbrella because I was worried that it was going to rain
- ko: 가져가다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v22.mp3
en: to bring/take an object
notes: 'The pronunciation of this word is closer to "가저가다". This is not used when you "take" a person somewhere. Instead, the word "데려가다" is used. 가져오다 often translates to "to bring" and 가져가다 often translates to "to take." However, the translation of "to bring" could work for both 가져오다 and 가져가다. 가지다 means "to possess" and "오다" and "가다" mean "to come" and "to go" respectively. Deciding to use 가져오다 or 가져가다 depends on the point of reference of the acting agent in the sentence to the speaker. Specifically, whether the acting agent is coming or going to the location in question. Imagine you have money at your house, and you will go to your friend''s house later to give it to him. Therefore, you will have to "bring" or "take" (same meaning) that money with you when you head over there. If you are currently at your house and are talking to your friend about what you will do, you should use the word "가져가다" because you are going to your friend''s house while in possession of the money (저는 돈을 가져갈 거예요). In this example, 가져가다 is used and the best English translation would be "I will bring the money." However, imagine you have already arrived at your friend''s house with the money. You can use the word "가져오다" because you came to your friend''s house while in possession of the money (저는 돈을 가져왔어요). In this example, 가져오다 is used and the best English translation would be "I brought the money." People would read those two examples and think "Oh, so if it is something happening in the future – I should use 가져가다 and if it is something happening in the past, I should use 가져오다." No. It has nothing to do with the tense of the sentence. It has everything to do with the point of reference of the acting agent of the sentence to the speaker. For example, imagine you are at your house with the money. If your friend wants to tell you to "bring the money," he should use the word "가져오다" because you are coming (not going) to him. To his reference, you are "coming." In this case, 가져오다 should be used.'
examples:
- ko: 얼마나 많은 돈을 **가져갈** **거예요**?
en: How much money will you **bring/take**?
- ko: 날씨가 너무 더울 것이기 때문에 반바지를 **가져갈** **거예요**
en: I am going to **bring/take** shorts because the weather will be hot
- ko: 돌리다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v23.mp3
en: to turn, to run a machine, to hand out
notes: This word appears in Korean Sign Explanation [Video 14]
usages:
- ko: 세탁기를 돌리다
en: to turn on, use a washing machine
- ko: 기계를 돌리다
en: to use a machine
- ko: A를 돌리다
en: to distribute something
examples:
- ko: 저는 밤에 세탁기를 **돌렸어요**
en: I **ran** my laundry machine at night
- ko: 저는 친구들에게 선물을 **돌렸어요**
en: I **distributed**/handed out presents to my friends
- ko: 돌다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v24.mp3
en: to turn oneself, to rotate oneself
notes: 돌다 follows the ㄹ irregular. 돌리다 is used when one turns an object. 돌다 can be used when one turns his/her body.
usages:
- ko: 돌아가다
en: to go back
- ko: 돌아오다
en: to come back
examples:
- ko: 캐나다에 언제 **돌아올** **거예요**?
en: When are you **coming** **back** to Canada?
- ko: 우리는 사거리에서 왼쪽으로 **돌았어요**
en: We **turned** left at the intersection
- ko: 돌아보다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v25.mp3
en: to look back
notes: A compound verb made up of "돌다" and "보다"
examples:
- ko: 저는 그녀를 **돌아봤어요**
en: I **looked back** at her
- ko: 돌아가다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v26.mp3
en: to go back, to return
notes: 'A compound verb made up of "돌다" and "가다." If you are currently in a place and are talking about returning to another place. For example, if you are from Canada but currently in Korea and talking about returning to Canada (i.e. going back to Canada), you should use this word instead of "돌아오다."'
usages:
- ko: 돌아가시다
en: A formal way to say somebody has "passed away" (the honorific ~(으)시 is introduced in Lesson 39)
examples:
- ko: 저는 언젠가 고향에 **돌아가**고 싶어요
en: I want to **go back** to my hometown some day
- ko: 저는 9월1일에 캐나다에 **돌아갈** **거예요**
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/33-1.mp3
en: I will **go back** to Canada on September 1st
- ko: 무슨 일이 벌어지든지 간에 제가 집에 **돌아가**야 돼요
en: Regardless of what happens, I need to **go back**/**return** home
- ko: 돌아오다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v27.mp3
en: to come back, to return
notes: 'A compound verb made up of "돌다" and "오다." If you are currently in a place and are talking about returning to the same place. For example, if you are from Canada talking about returning to Canada (i.e. coming back to Canada), you should use this word instead of "돌아가다."'
examples:
- ko: 캐나다에 언제 **돌아올** **거예요**?
en: When are you **coming** **back** to Canada?
- ko: 학생들은 다음 주에 학교에 **돌아와요**
en: The students **return** to school next week
- ko: 경찰관들은 경찰서에 **돌아왔어요**
en: The police officers **returned** to the police station
- ko: 거기에 가서 돈을 갖고 **돌아오세요**!
en: Go over there, get the money and then **come back**!
- ko: 모든 선생님들은 지금 회의 중이니 20분 후에 **돌아오**면 돼
en: All the teachers are in a meeting now, so **come back** in 20 minutes
- ko: 돌려주다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v28.mp3
en: to give back
notes: A compound verb made up of "돌리다" and "주다"
examples:
- ko: 저는 친구에게 책을 **돌려줬어요**
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/34.mp3
en: I **gave** my friend **back** his book
- ko: 걸다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v29.mp3
en: to hang
notes: 걸다 follows the ㄹ irregular
usages:
- ko: 시동을 걸다
en: to start the engine of your car
examples:
- ko: 저는 사진을 벽에 **걸었어요**
en: I **hung** a picture on the wall
- ko: 주문하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v30.mp3
en: to order
usages:
- ko: 주문을 받다
en: to receive an order
- ko: 주문을 취소하다
en: to cancel an order
examples:
- ko: 저기요! 지금 **주문할게요**!
en: Excuse me! We would like to **order** now!
- ko: 음료수를 **주문할**래요?
en: Shall we **order** some drinks?
- ko: 지금 **주문해**도 돼요?
en: Can we/I **order** now?
- ko: 결혼하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v31.mp3
en: to get married
notes: The noun form of this word translates to "marriage"
examples:
- ko: 그녀는 아직 **결혼하지** 않았어요
en: She still hasn't gotten **married** yet
- ko: 그 부부는 50년 전에 **결혼했어요**
en: That couple got **married** 50 years ago
- ko: 우리는 올해 **결혼하고** 싶어요
en: We want to get **married** this year
- ko: 우리는 **결혼**식의 날짜를 아직 안 정했어요
en: We still haven't set a date for the **wedding**
- ko: 부르다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v32.mp3
en: to call out
notes: '부르다 follows the 르 irregular. When used to say that one "calls" something by a certain name, "라고" is usually used in the sentence. See Lesson 52 for more information.'
examples:
- ko: 저는 저의 여자 친구를 '애기'라고 **불러요**
en: I **call** my girlfriend "baby"
- ko: 저는 그의 이름을 **불렀어요**
en: I **called** his name
- ko: 저는 저의 누나를 **불렀어요**
en: I **called** my sister
- ko: 고르다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v33.mp3
en: to choose, to pick
notes: 고르다 follows the 르 irregular
examples:
- ko: 저는 이것과 저젓 중에 **고를** 수 없어요
en: I can't **choose** between the two
- ko: 우리는 맛있는 고기를 **골라**서 같이 먹었어요
en: We **chose** delicious meat then ate together
- ko: 저는 두 번째 남자를 **골랐어요**
en: I **chose** the second man
- ko: 넣다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v34.mp3
en: to insert, to put inside
notes: The pronunciation of this word is closer to "너타"
examples:
- ko: 저는 야채를 냉장고에 **넣었어요**
en: I **put** the vegetables in the fridge
- ko: 저는 핸드폰을 상자에 **넣었어요**
en: I **put** the phone in the box
- ko: 케이크 반죽에 밀가루를 **넣으세요**
en: "**Put** some flour into the cake batter, please"
- ko: 경험하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v35.mp3
en: to experience
examples:
- ko: 그는 어려운 삶을 **경험했어요**
en: He **experienced** a difficult life
- ko: 그 학교에서 일한 것은 좋은 **경험**이었어요
en: Working at that school was good **experience**
- ko: 제가 여기서 일하고 싶은 이유는 새로운 **경험**을 하고 싶기 때문이에요
en: The reason I want to work here is because I want to have a new **experience**
- ko: 설명하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v36.mp3
en: to explain
notes: The noun form of this word translates to "an explanation"
examples:
- ko: 저는 어려운 내용을 천천히 **설명했어요**
en: I **explained** the difficult content slowly
- ko: 저는 선생님에게 숙제에 대한 **설명**을 요청했어요
en: I asked the teacher for an **explanation** of the homework
- ko: 저는 학생들한테 그것을 간단히 **설명했어요**
en: I **explained** it simply to the students
- ko: 자랑하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v37.mp3
en: to show off
notes: 자랑스럽다 translates to "to be proud"
examples:
- ko: "**자랑하**지 마세요!"
en: Don't **show off**!
- ko: 제 친구는 부자인 아버지를 **자랑했어요**
en: My friend **boasted** about/was showing off his rich father
passive_verbs:
- ko: 걸리다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v38.mp3
en: to be hanging
notes: 걸리다 has many meanings. See below in this lesson for more information.
examples:
- ko: 그림은 벽에 **걸려** 있어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/54.mp3
en: The picture is **hanging** on the wall
- ko: 걸리다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v38.mp3
en: to be caught, to be stuck, to be trapped
examples:
- ko: 나는 줄에 **걸렸어**
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/55.mp3
en: I **tripped** over the line
- ko: 걸리다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v38.mp3
en: to catch a cold/sickness
usages:
- ko: 감기에 걸리다
en: to catch a cold
- ko: 독감에 걸리다
en: to catch the flu
examples:
- ko: 저는 감기에 **걸렸어요**
en: I **caught** a cold/I **have** a cold
- ko: 모든 학생들은 감기에 **걸렸어요**
en: All the students **have** a cold
- ko: 걸리다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v38.mp3
en: to "take" a certain amount of time
usages:
- ko: 한 시간 걸리다
en: to take one hour
examples:
- ko: 서울부터 인천까지 두 시간 **걸려요**
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/56.mp3
en: It **takes** two hours to get from Seoul to Incheon
- ko: 우리 학교에서 식당까지 10분 **걸려요**
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/57-1.mp3
en: It **takes** 10 minutes to get from our school to the restaurant
adjectives:
- ko: 똑같다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v39.mp3
en: to be exactly the same
notes: 'The pronunciation of this word is closer to "똑깓다". When comparing two things by saying they are the same, it is more common to use 똑같다 instead of 같다. For example, instead of saying "저와 저의 형은 같아요" it would be more natural to say "저와 저의 형은 똑같아요". See below in this lesson for more information.'
examples:
- ko: 우리가 **똑같은** 옷을 입고 있어요
en: We are wearing **exactly** **the** **same** clothes
- ko: 미국은 캐나다와 거의 **똑같아요**
en: The US is almost the **same** as Canada
- ko: 자랑스럽다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v40.mp3
en: to be proud
notes: 'The pronunciation of this word is closer to "자랑스럽따". 자랑스럽다 follows the ㅂ irregular. 자랑스럽다 is an adjective. To indicate that you are proud of something/somebody, the particle ~이/가 must be attached to the object of the sentence. See Lesson 15 for more information.'
examples:
- ko: 저는 우리 아들이 **자랑스러워요**
en: I am **proud** of our son
- ko: 나는 네가 **자랑스러워**
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/15.mp3
en: I am **proud** of you
- ko: 저는 저의 딸이 아주 **자랑스러워요**
en: I am very **proud** of my daughter
- ko: 저는 학생들이 **자랑스러워요**
en: I am **proud** of the students
- ko: 또 다르다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v41.mp3
en: another
notes: 'The function of "또 다르다" is hard to explain, but it is easier to explain (and understand) if you think of it as two separate words (which it actually is). It is a combination of the adjective "다르다" and the adverb "또", which is used when something happens again. "또 다르다" is used when one particular thing has already been described, and you are explaining _another_ thing. For example, imagine you are sitting in a meeting with your coworkers discussing potential problems for a plan. People are all discussing the problems they see, and you can point out: "또 다른 문제는 그것이 비싸요" = "Another problem is it (that thing) is expensive". In this same respect, you can say the following sentence, and although the translation in English is similar, try to understand the difference in adding "또": "저는 또 다른 영화를 봤어요" = "I saw ANother movie". In this, maybe the person saw one movie, and then _again_ saw a different movie.'
examples:
- ko: "**또 다른** 문제는 그것이 비싸요"
en: "**Another** problem is it (that thing) is expensive"
- ko: "저는 **또 다른** 영화를 봤어요"
en: "I saw **another** movie"
- ko: 시끄럽다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v42.mp3
en: to be noisy, to be loud
notes: 'The pronunciation of this word is closer to "시끄럽따". 시끄럽다 follows the ㅂ irregular.'
usages:
- ko: 시끄러운 학생
en: loud students
- ko: 시끄러운 음악
en: loud music
- ko: 시끄럽게 말하다
en: to speak loudly
- ko: 시끄럽게
en: loudly
examples:
- ko: 학생들은 **시끄럽게** 공부했어요
en: The students studied **loudly**
- ko: 시끄러워서 **미안해요**
en: "**Sorry** it is so loud!"
- ko: 여기가 너무 **시끄러워**서 저는 집중할 수 없어요
en: I can't concentrate here because it is too **loud**
- ko: 영화를 보는 동안 다른 사람들이 너무 **시끄러웠어요**
en: While watching the movie, the other people were really **loud**
- ko: 학생들이 너무 **시끄러워**서 저는 교수님의 말을 못 들었어요
en: The students were too **loud**, so I couldn't hear the professor
- ko: 흔하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v43.mp3
en: to be common
usages:
- ko: 흔하지 않다
en: uncommon
examples:
- ko: 덕석은 **흔하**지 않은 이름이에요
en: '"덕석" is not a **common** name'
- ko: 드물다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v44.mp3
en: to be rare
notes: 드물다 follows the ㄹ irregular
usages:
- ko: 드문 현상
en: a rare phenomenon
examples:
- ko: 그 그림은 매우 **드물어요**
en: That painting is really **rare**
adverbs:
- ko: 아마도
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v45.mp3
en: maybe/might
examples:
- ko: "**아마도** 우리가 내일 갈 거예요"
en: "**Maybe** we will go tomorrow"
---
# Lesson 15: 들다, Korean Homonyms, Being Sick, Different/Similar/Same # Lesson 15: 들다, Korean Homonyms, Being Sick, Different/Similar/Same
## Vocabulary ## Vocabulary
<VocabQuiz />
### Nouns ### Nouns
잠 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v1.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">sleep</span> 잠 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson15v1.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">sleep</span>
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
---
# outline: 2
---
# บทที่ 4 <TTS>발음법칙</TTS> # บทที่ 4 <TTS>발음법칙</TTS>
## 1. <TTS>연음법칙</TTS> ## 1. <TTS>연음법칙</TTS>
+4 -4
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@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@
"license": "ISC", "license": "ISC",
"packageManager": "pnpm@10.30.3", "packageManager": "pnpm@10.30.3",
"devDependencies": { "devDependencies": {
"@tauri-apps/cli": "^2.10.1", "@tauri-apps/cli": "^2.11.4",
"vitepress": "2.0.0-alpha.17", "vitepress": "2.0.0-alpha.17",
"vue": "^3.5.30" "vue": "^3.5.39"
}, },
"dependencies": { "dependencies": {
"pdfjs-dist": "^5.5.207", "pdfjs-dist": "^5.7.284",
"tauri-plugin-tts-api": "^0.1.3" "tauri-plugin-tts-api": "^0.1.11"
} }
} }
+516 -523
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