From d9c15fadb0accac7959fa77f827fab5cdd409f88 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: polv Date: Thu, 7 May 2026 14:01:56 +0700 Subject: [PATCH] lesson 12 nouns --- .../unit-1/12-more-particles.md | 149 +++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 92 insertions(+), 57 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/12-more-particles.md b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/12-more-particles.md index 66f6504..597d05a 100644 --- a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/12-more-particles.md +++ b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/12-more-particles.md @@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “저뭔” Common Usages: -점원 모집 = Clerk Wanted (you might see this on a sign outside a store looking for applicants) + +- 점원 모집 = Clerk Wanted (you might see this on a sign outside a store looking for applicants) Example: -저는 **점원**한테 질문을 물어봤어요 = I asked the **clerk** a question -이 가게는 **점원** 한 명만 있어요 = This store only has one **person working** here + +- 저는 **점원**한테 질문을 물어봤어요 = I asked the **clerk** a question +- 이 가게는 **점원** 한 명만 있어요 = This store only has one **person working** here @@ -24,13 +26,15 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -주연배우 = leading actor/actress -조연배우 = supporting actor/actress -배우상 = acting award + +- 주연배우 = leading actor/actress +- 조연배우 = supporting actor/actress +- 배우상 = acting award Example: -**배우**들은 돈을 많이 벌어요 = **Actors** earn a lot of money -**배우**들은 그들의 영화를 보통 좋아하지 않아 = **Actors** usually don’t like their movies + +- **배우**들은 돈을 많이 벌어요 = **Actors** earn a lot of money +- **배우**들은 그들의 영화를 보통 좋아하지 않아 = **Actors** usually don’t like their movies
@@ -39,11 +43,14 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -목소리 = voice (literally, throat sound) -목 마르다 = to be thirsty (literally, a dry throat) -손목 = wrist (literally, hand neck) -Example: **목**이 아파요 = I have a sore **throat** +- 목소리 = voice (literally, throat sound) +- 목 마르다 = to be thirsty (literally, a dry throat) +- 손목 = wrist (literally, hand neck) + +Example: + +- **목**이 아파요 = I have a sore **throat**
@@ -52,20 +59,26 @@ Example: **목**이 아파요 = I have a sore **throat**
Common Usages: -목소리 = voice (literally, throat sound) -소리가 나다 = for a sound to be make -소리가 들리다 = for a sound to be heard -소리를 지르다 = to scream -무슨 소리야? = What is that sound? -_This phrase literally means “what is that sound?” and it can be used to have that meaning. However, it is commonly used to show disagreement to what somebody says. In English, this would be similar to saying “What are you talking about!?”_ +- 목소리 = voice (literally, throat sound) +- 소리가 나다 = for a sound to be make +- 소리가 들리다 = for a sound to be heard +- 소리를 지르다 = to scream -소리가 안 들려요 = I can’t hear the sound -*The Korean sentence above is predicated by an intransitive verb (*들리다*), which means it cannot act on an object. The English translation is predicated by a transitive verb (to hear), which means it can act on an object. A more direct translation of the Korean sentence would be “the sound cannot be heard.” However, this phrase is often used to indicate that one cannot hear something.* +--- + +- 무슨 소리야? = What is that sound? + +_This phrase literally means “what is that sound?” and it can be used to have that meaning. However, it is commonly used to show disagreement to what somebody says. In English, this would be similar to saying “What are you talking about!?”_ + +- 소리가 안 들려요 = I can’t hear the sound + +_The Korean sentence above is predicated by an intransitive verb (_들리다_), which means it cannot act on an object. The English translation is predicated by a transitive verb (to hear), which means it can act on an object. A more direct translation of the Korean sentence would be “the sound cannot be heard.” However, this phrase is often used to indicate that one cannot hear something._ Example: -무슨 **소리**예요? = What is that **sound**? -소리를 많이 **질러**도 그는 제 말을 듣지 못했어요 = Even though I **screamed** a lot, he didn’t hear my voice + +- 무슨 **소리**예요? = What is that **sound**? +- **소리**를 많이 **질러**도 그는 제 말을 듣지 못했어요 = Even though I **screamed** a lot, he didn’t hear my voice [This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video #1.] @@ -78,10 +91,11 @@ Example:
Example: -저는 선생님의 **목소리**를 못 들었어요 = I couldn’t hear the teacher’s voice -목소리가 잘 들려요 = I hear you (your **voice**) well -*The Korean sentence above is predicated by an intransitive verb (*들리다*), which means it cannot act on an object. The English translation is predicated by a transitive verb (to hear), which means it can act on an object. A more direct translation of the Korean sentence would be “Your voice can be heard well/clearly.” However, this phrase is often used to indicate that one cannot hear another person’s voice.* +- 저는 선생님의 **목소리**를 못 들었어요 = I couldn’t hear the teacher’s **voice** +- **목소리**가 잘 들려요 = I hear you (your **voice**) well + +_The Korean sentence above is predicated by an intransitive verb (_들리다_), which means it cannot act on an object. The English translation is predicated by a transitive verb (to hear), which means it can act on an object. A more direct translation of the Korean sentence would be “Your voice can be heard well/clearly.” However, this phrase is often used to indicate that one can hear another person’s voice._
@@ -90,19 +104,26 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -삶의 의미 = the meaning of life -의미가 있는 = meaningful -의미가 없는 = meaningless + +- 삶의 의미 = the meaning of life +- 의미가 있는 = meaningful +- 의미가 없는 = meaningless Example: -그 이야기의 **의미**는 뭐예요? = What is the **meaning** of that story? -돈이 많이 있어도 존경을 받지 않으면 **의미**가 없어요 = Regardless of if you have a lot of money, if you don’t get respect, it is **meaning**less -상황 = situation +- 그 이야기의 **의미**는 뭐예요? = What is the **meaning** of that story? +- 돈이 많이 있어도 존경을 받지 않으면 **의미**가 없어요 = Regardless of if you have a lot of money, if you don’t get respect, it is **meaning**less + +
+ +상황 = situation + +
Example: -그 사람의 **상황**은 나빠요 = That person’s **situation** is not good -저는 그 **상황**을 처음부터 끝까지 몰랐어요 = I didn’t know that **situation** from start to finish + +- 그 사람의 **상황**은 나빠요 = That person’s **situation** is not good +- 저는 그 **상황**을 처음부터 끝까지 몰랐어요 = I didn’t know that **situation** from start to finish
@@ -111,15 +132,21 @@ Example:
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “닥” + Typically, the pronunciation of words with four-letter syllables merge with the pronunciation of an attaching grammatical principle. For example, “값” is pronounced as “kap” but 값을 is pronounced as “갑슬.” However, the ㄹ in 닭 is usually not pronounced in these cases. For example, 닭을 is usually pronounced as “닥을” or “다글” and 닭이 is usually pronounced as “다기” or “닥이.” Common Usages -닭갈비 = chicken ribs -닭살 = goose-bumps -Notes: When eating Western style chicken (like in KFC), Korean people use the word “치킨” +- 닭갈비 = chicken ribs +- 닭살 = goose-bumps -Example: 그 농장은 **닭**을 키워요 = That farm raises **chickens** +Notes: + +When eating Western style chicken (like in KFC), Korean people use the word “치킨” + +Example: + +- 그 농장은 **닭**을 키워요 = That farm raises **chickens**
@@ -128,9 +155,10 @@ Example: 그 농장은 **닭**을 키워요 = That farm raises **chickens**
Example: -저는 그 **문장**을 한국어로 말했어요 = I said that **sentence** (using) in Korean -그 단어로 완벽한 **문장**을 만들어 주세요 = Make a perfect/complete **sentence** using that word, please -**문장**을 다 쓰면 점을 찍어야 돼요 = When you are done writing a **sentence**, you need to put a period + +- 저는 그 **문장**을 한국어로 말했어요 = I said that **sentence** (using) in Korean +- 그 단어로 완벽한 **문장**을 만들어 주세요 = Make a perfect/complete **sentence** using that word, please +- **문장**을 다 쓰면 점을 찍어야 돼요 = When you are done writing a **sentence**, you need to put a period
@@ -139,14 +167,16 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -기름 값 = the price of oil -동물성 기름 = animal fats -식물성 기름 = vegetable oil -기름이 많다 = to be a lot of oil + +- 기름 값 = the price of oil +- 동물성 기름 = animal fats +- 식물성 기름 = vegetable oil +- 기름이 많다 = to be a lot of oil Example: -고기에 **기름**이 많아요 = There is a lot of **grease** in meat -**기름** 값은 비싸졌어요 = The price of **oil** got expensive + +- 고기에 **기름**이 많아요 = There is a lot of **grease** in meat +- **기름** 값은 비싸졌어요 = The price of **oil** got expensive
@@ -155,16 +185,18 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -그들의 = their + +- 그들의 = their Example: -**그들**은 저를 왠지 싫어해요 = **They** don’t like me for some reason -저는 **그들**에게 결혼식에 갈 거냐고 물어봤어요 = I asked if **they** were going to the wedding -청소년들은 **그들** 자신을 사랑하지 않는다 = Young people don’t love themselves -배우들은 **그들**의 영화를 보통 좋아하지 않아 = Actors usually don’t like **their** movies -**그들**은 많은 후보자들 중에서 저를 뽑았어요 = **They** chose me from many candidates -**그들**은 저를 처음부터 싫어했어요 = **They** didn’t like me from the start -학생들이 시험을 보는 동안 저는 **그들**을 감독했어요 = I supervised the students while **they** wrote an exam + +- **그들**은 저를 왠지 싫어해요 = **They** don’t like me for some reason +- 저는 **그들**에게 결혼식에 갈 거냐고 물어봤어요 = I asked if **they** were going to the wedding +- 청소년들은 **그들** 자신을 사랑하지 않는다 = Young people don’t love themselves +- 배우들은 **그들**의 영화를 보통 좋아하지 않아 = Actors usually don’t like **their** movies +- **그들**은 많은 후보자들 중에서 저를 뽑았어요 = **They** chose me from many candidates +- **그들**은 저를 처음부터 싫어했어요 = **They** didn’t like me from the start +- 학생들이 시험을 보는 동안 저는 **그들**을 감독했어요 = I supervised the students while **they** wrote an exam
@@ -173,10 +205,13 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -대학생활 = one’s university life -기숙사 생활 = dormitory life -Example: 한국에서는 저의 생활이 좋아요 = My life in Korea is good +- 대학생활 = one’s university life +- 기숙사 생활 = dormitory life + +Example: + +- 한국에서는 저의 **생활**이 좋아요 = My **life** in Korea is good