Often used at the start of sentences to mean "actually..." When used like this, it is common to colloquially say "실은..."
+Also commonly used as the noun in a quoted version of ~는 것. For example: "그녀는 아이가 죽었다는 사실을 숨겼어요" = "She hid (the fact that) her child died"
+See Lesson 52 for more information on this.
+It can also be used to literally mean "fact"
+ examples: + - ko: 그것은 **사실**이에요? + en: Is that **true**? (is that a **fact**?) + - ko: 저는 그 **사실**을 백과사전에 찾았어요 + en: I looked up that **fact** in an encyclopedia + - ko: 이 **사실**을 부장님께 알려 줘야겠어요 + en: I guess I should tell the boss (about) that **fact** + - ko: 저는 부장님에게 그 **사실**을 말할 거예요 + en: I will tell that (**fact**) to my boss + + - ko: 약 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v2.mp3 + en: medicine + examples: + - ko: 이렇게 아프면 **약**을 먹어야 돼요! + en: If you are this sick, you should take some **medicine**! + - ko: 저는 이 **약**을 하루에 두 번 먹어요 + en: I eat (take) this **medicine** twice per day + - ko: "**약**을 안 먹는다면 열이 나빠질 수도 있어요" + en: If you don't eat/take this **medicine**, the fever could get worse + + - ko: 음악 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v3.mp3 + en: music + examples: + - ko: 저는 **음악**을 듣는 것을 좋아요 + en: I like listening to **music** + - ko: 저는 **음악**을 듣고 있어요 + en: I am listening to **music** + - ko: 우리는 **음악**을 같이 들었어요 + en: We listened to **music** together + + - ko: 하늘 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v4.mp3 + en: sky + examples: + - ko: "**하늘**에 비행기가 있어요" + en: There is a plane in the **sky** + - ko: "**하늘**에 별이 많아요" + en: There are many stars in the **sky** + - ko: 이것을 **하늘**로부터 받았어요 + en: I received this from the **sky (heavens)** + - ko: 비가 온 다음 날에 **하늘**은 보라색으로 바꿨어요 + en: The **sky** turned purple the day after the rain + + - ko: 땅 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v5.mp3 + en: land + notes: | +'독도는 우리땅이다' is a famous saying that Korean people use to express that Dokdo, the disputed territory between Korea and Japan belongs to Korea. This was written on a sign by a fan during the 2012 Olympics in London and when the Korean team one, a Korean player took the sign and ran around the field with it. The player got in a lot of trouble for bringing political elements into the Olympics. By the way, Dokdo does belong to Korea.
+ examples: + - ko: 한국은 다른 나라보다 **땅**이 작아요 + en: Korea's **land** is small compared to other countries + + - ko: 지하 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v6.mp3 + en: underground + examples: + - ko: 차는 지하 **주차장**에 있어요 + en: The car is in the **underground** parking lot + + - ko: 빵 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v7.mp3 + en: bread + examples: + - ko: 저는 **빵**을 먹고 싶어요 + en: I want to eat **bread** + - ko: 저는 친구를 위해 **빵**을 만들었어요 + en: I made **bread** for my friend + - ko: 우리는 **빵**을 같이 먹었어요 + en: We ate **bread** together + - ko: 애기는 **밥**하고 빵을 먹었어요 + en: The baby ate rice and **bread** + + - ko: 쓰레기 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v8.mp3 + en: trash/garbage + notes: | +This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video 5.
+There are many adverbs that are used in specific situations to give a sentence feel or emphasis. To indicate that one "sprang" up, the adverb 벌떡 can be used.
+일어나다 literally means "to get up" from a sitting/laying position to a standing position. However, it is often used to indicate that one "wakes up" because one usually "gets up" from bed when they wake up. As such, the translation of "일어나다" could be "to get up" or "to wake up" depending on the situation.
+ examples: + - ko: "언제 **일어났어요**?" + en: When did you **get up**? + - ko: 군인들은 매일 일찍 **일어나**야 돼요 + en: Soldiers have to **wake up** early every day + - ko: 그녀는 의자에서 **일어났어요** + en: She **rose up** from her chair + - ko: 저는 아침에 일찍 **일어났어요** + en: I **woke** **up** early in the morning + - ko: 우리는 내일 일찍 **일어나**야 돼요 + en: We need to **wake up** early tomorrow morning + + - ko: 준비하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v19.mp3 + en: to prepare, to get ready + notes: The noun form of this word translates to "preparation" + examples: + - ko: 저는 아직 **준비**를 안 했어요 + en: I still haven't gotten **ready** yet + - ko: 저는 지금 갈 **준비**가 됐어요 + en: I am **ready** to go now + - ko: 아버지를 위해 시원한 물을 **준비했어요** + en: I **prepared** cool water for my father + - ko: 저는 점심을 **준비했어요** + en: I **prepared** (the) lunch + - ko: 저는 아무 때나 일을 시작할 **준비됐어요** + en: I am **ready** to start working any time + + - ko: 들어오다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v21.mp3 + en: to come in + notes: | +The pronunciation of this word is closer to "드러오다"
+Formed by combining 들다 (to enter) and 오다 (to come). See Lesson 15 for more information.
+ examples: + - ko: 학생들은 9시에 학교에 **들어왔어요** + en: The students **came into** the school at 9:00 + - ko: 그 남자는 방에 **들어왔어요** + en: That man **came into** room + + - ko: 들어가다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v22.mp3 + en: to go in + notes: | +The pronunciation of this word is closer to "드러가다"
+Formed by combining 들다 (to enter) and 가다 (to go). See Lesson 15 for more information.
+"들어가세요" is often said to people when they leave a place, almost as a greeting like "goodbye."
+Often used with ~아/어 있다 to indicate that something contains something. For example: "김치에 고추가 들어가 있어요" = "There is red peppers in 김치"
+ examples: + - ko: 샴푸가 눈에 **들어갔어요** + en: Shampoo **went** **into** my eyes + - ko: 학생들은 9시에 학교에 **들어갔어요** + en: The students **went into** the school at 9:00 + - ko: 수영장에 **들어간** 후에 옷이 완전히 젖었어요 + en: My clothes are completely wet after **going** **into** the pool + - ko: 이 길이 너무 좁아서 저는 못 **들어가요** + en: I can't **go onto** this road because it is so narrow + - ko: 그 가게에 18세 미만은 못 **들어가요** + en: Those under 18 years of age can't **enter** that store + - ko: 우리는 집에 같이 **들어갔어요** + en: We **went into** the house together + - ko: 저는 문을 열고 방에 **들어갔어요** + en: I opened the door and **went into** the room + + - ko: 입장하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v23.mp3 + en: to enter (the verb form of 'admission') + notes: | +The pronunciation of this word is closer to "입짱하다"
+The noun form of this word translates to "admission"
+ examples: + - ko: 몇 시부터 **입장할** 수 있어요? + en: From what time can we **enter**? + + - ko: 숨쉬다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v24.mp3 + en: to breathe + examples: + - ko: 저는 운동을 열심히 하고 **숨**을 빨리 **쉬었어요** + en: After I exercised I was **breathing** really fast + + adjectives: + - ko: 흥미롭다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v25.mp3 + en: to be interesting + notes: | +The pronunciation of this word is closer to "흥미롭따"
+흥미롭다 follows the ㅂ irregular
+ examples: + - ko: 화학은 매우 **흥미로워요** + en: Chemistry is very **interesting** + - ko: 그는 **흥미로운** 삶을 살아요 + en: He lives an **interesting** life + - ko: 한국문화는 오래됐고 **흥미로워요** + en: Korean culture is long and **interesting** + + - ko: 늦다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v26.mp3 + en: to be late + notes: | +The pronunciation of this word is closer to "늗따"
+This is often irrelevant, but 늦다 is both a verb and an adjective. As a verb, it usually indicates that one arrives late. For example: "우리가 늦어서 죄송해요" = "Sorry we arrived late"
+It is often used as an adjective to describe a time that is late. For example: "우리는 늦은 저녁을 먹었어요" = "We ate a late dinner"
+As an adjective, ~게 is often added to it in order to create an adverb. For example: "그녀는 언제나 늦게 와요" = "She comes late every time"
+ examples: + - ko: 우리가 **늦**어서 죄송해요 + en: Sorry we arrived **late** + - ko: 우리는 늦은 저녁을 먹었어요 + en: We ate a **late** dinner + - ko: 그녀는 언제나 **늦**게 와요 + en: She comes **late** every time + - ko: 저는 **늦**게 도착했어요 + en: I arrived **late** + + - ko: 시원하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v27.mp3 + en: to be cool, to be relaxing + notes: | +In addition to meaning "cool" (as in temperature), this word is often used to describe the feeling you get when somebody gives you a massage.
+ examples: + - ko: 요즘에 날씨가 **시원해요** + en: These days the weather is **cool** + - ko: 아버지를 위해 **시원한** 물을 준비했어요 + en: I prepared **cool** water for my father + - ko: 가을이 **시원해서** 좋아요 + en: Fall is nice because it is **cool** + + - ko: 질투하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v28.mp3 + en: to be jealous + notes: | +The noun form of this word translates to "jealousy" or "envy"
+Often used as "질투가 나다." See Lesson 14 for more information on how the word "나다" works in these situations.
+ examples: + - ko: 저의 남자 친구는 항상 **질투해요** + en: My boyfriend is always **jealous** + + - ko: 맵다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v29.mp3 + en: to be spicy + notes: | +The pronunciation of this word is closer to "맵따"
+맵다 follows the ㅂ irregular
+ examples: + - ko: 저는 **매운** 것을 못 먹어요 + en: I can't eat **spicy** things + - ko: 한식은 양식보다 더 **매워요** + en: Korean food is **spicier** than western food + - ko: 라면은 삼겹살보다 더 **매워요** + en: Ramen is **spicier** than 삼겹살 + + - ko: 죄송하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v30.mp3 + en: to be sorry + notes: | +This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video #3.
+The pronunciation of this word is closer to "무겁따"
+무겁다 follows the ㅂ irregular
+ examples: + - ko: 이 가방은 너무 **무거워요** + en: This bag is too **heavy** + - ko: 그 기계는 너무 **무거워요** + en: That machine is very **heavy** + + - ko: 가볍다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v33.mp3 + en: to be light + notes: | +The pronunciation of this word is closer to "가볍따"
+가볍다 follows the ㅂ irregular
+ examples: + - ko: 이 가방은 **가벼워요** + en: This bag is **light** + + - ko: 유명하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v34.mp3 + en: to be popular, to be famous + examples: + - ko: 그 배우는 아주 **유명해요** + en: That actor is very **famous** + - ko: 그 가수는 한국에서 매우 **유명해요** + en: That singer is very **famous** in Korea + - ko: "**녹차**는 한국에서 **유명해요**" + en: Green Tea is **famous** in Korea + - ko: 저는 엄마랑 **유명한** 영화를 같이 봤어요 + en: I saw/watched a **famous** movie with my mom + + - ko: 익숙하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v20.mp3 + en: to be familiar with something + notes: | +The pronunciation of this word is closer to "익쑤카다"
+The most common definition of 익숙하다 is "to be familiar with," but in sentences I prefer to use "to be used to."
+For example, if you buy a new pair of shoes, and you still kind of prefer your previous shoes, you could say "새로운 신발에 아직 익숙하지 않아요." ("I'm not used to the new shoes yet").
+ examples: + - ko: 저는 한국 음식 맛에 **익숙해요** + en: I am **used to** the taste of Korean food + - ko: 저는 그것에 **익숙하지** 않아요 + en: I'm not **familiar** with that + + adverbs: + - ko: 요즘 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v35.mp3 + en: these days + examples: + - ko: 저는 **요즘**에 운동을 많이 해요 + en: I am exercising a lot **these days** + - ko: 아시아의 경제는 **요즘**에 좋아지고 있어요 + en: The Asian economy is getting better **these days** + - ko: "**요즘**에 날씨가 점점 추워져요" + en: "**Lately,** the weather is getting gradually colder" + - ko: "**요즘**에 저는 스트레스를 많이 받아요" + en: "**These days** I am very stressed" + - ko: "**요즘**에는 길이 너무 조용해요" + en: "**These days** the streets are very quiet" + + - ko: 같이 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson13v36.mp3 + en: together + notes: The pronunciation of this word is closer to "가치" + examples: + - ko: 우리는 밥을 **같이** 먹었어요 + en: We ate **together** + - ko: 저는 친구랑 **같이** 있어요 + en: I'm **with** my friend + - ko: 엄마가 우리랑 **같이** 못 먹어서 안타까워요 + en: It's too bad that your mom can't eat **together** (with us) + - ko: 나는 우리가 지난 번에 **같이** 먹은 것을 먹고 싶어 + en: I want to eat what we ate **(together)** last time + - ko: 이 일을 **같이** 하고 싶으면 우리는 협조해야 돼요 + en: If we want to do this job **together**, we have to cooperate + - ko: 우리 학교에서 학생들은 역사와 지리를 같이 배워요 + en: At our school, students learn history and geography **together** +--- + # Lesson 13: Korean Particles: and, with, to, from, for, about ## Vocabulary +