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@@ -762,26 +762,26 @@ You might also want to try listening to all of the words on loop with this [Voca
Okay, now it is time to get serious. Now it is time to start learning things that you can apply to _any_ verb or _any_ adjective. There are a few things you need to know about Korean verbs and adjectives: Okay, now it is time to get serious. Now it is time to start learning things that you can apply to _any_ verb or _any_ adjective. There are a few things you need to know about Korean verbs and adjectives:
1. I said this before (twice) but I’m going to say it again. Every Korean sentence must end in either a verb or an adjective (this includes 이다 and 있다). Every sentence absolutely must have a verb or adjective at the end of the sentence. 1. I said this before (twice) but I’m going to say it again.
2. You should notice (it took me months to notice) that _every_ Korean verb and adjective ends with the syllable ‘다.’ 100% of the time, the last syllable in a verb or adjective must be ‘다.’ Look up at the vocabulary from this lesson if you don’t believe me. - Every Korean sentence must end in either a verb or an adjective (this includes 이다 and 있다).
- Every sentence absolutely must have a verb or adjective at the end of the sentence.
2. You should notice (it took me months to notice) that _every_ Korean verb and adjective ends with the syllable ‘다.’ 100% of the time, the last syllable in a verb or adjective must be ‘다.’
3. In addition to ending in ‘다’ many verbs and adjectives end with the two syllables ‘하다.’ ‘하다’ means ‘do.’ Verbs ending in 하다 are amazing, because you can simply eliminate the ‘하다’ to make the noun form of that verb/adjective. 3. In addition to ending in ‘다’ many verbs and adjectives end with the two syllables ‘하다.’ ‘하다’ means ‘do.’ Verbs ending in 하다 are amazing, because you can simply eliminate the ‘하다’ to make the noun form of that verb/adjective.
Confused? I was at first too. In fact, I don’t think I knew this until 3 months after I started studying Korean – but it is something so essential to learning the language. It is confusing to English speakers because we don’t realize that words can have a verb/adjective form AND a noun form. Confused? I was at first too. In fact, I don’t think I knew this until 3 months after I started studying Korean – but it is something so essential to learning the language. It is confusing to English speakers because we don’t realize that words can have a verb/adjective form AND a noun form.
For example: For example:
행복하다 = happy
행복 = happiness
성공하다 = succeed - <TTS>행복하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">happy</span>
성공 = success - <TTS>행복</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">happiness</span>
- <TTS>성공하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">succeed</span>
말하다 = speak - <TTS>성공</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">success</span>
말 = speech/words - <TTS>말하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">speak</span>
- <TTS>말</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">speech/words</span>
성취하다 = achieve - <TTS>성취하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">achieve</span>
성취 = achievement - <TTS>성취</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">achievement</span>
- <TTS>취득하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">acquire</span>
취득하다 = acquire - <TTS>취득</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">acquisition</span>
취득 = acquisition
You don’t need to memorize those words yet (they are difficult), but it is important for you to realize that ‘하다’ can be removed from words in order to create nouns. You don’t need to memorize those words yet (they are difficult), but it is important for you to realize that ‘하다’ can be removed from words in order to create nouns.
@@ -792,49 +792,48 @@ Verbs/adjectives that end in “~하다” are typically of Chinese origin and h
We have already talked about verbs a little bit in previous lessons, but nothing has been formally taught. You learned the basic verb sentence structure in Lesson 1. Let’s look at this again. If you want to say “I eat food” you should know how to use the particles 는/은 and 를/을: We have already talked about verbs a little bit in previous lessons, but nothing has been formally taught. You learned the basic verb sentence structure in Lesson 1. Let’s look at this again. If you want to say “I eat food” you should know how to use the particles 는/은 and 를/을:
I eat food I eat food
I는 food를 eat
- I는 food를 eat
To make a sentence, you simply need to substitute the English words with Korean words: To make a sentence, you simply need to substitute the English words with Korean words:
저는 + 음식을 + 먹다 저는 + 음식을 + 먹다
저는 음식을 먹다 = I eat food
- 저는 음식을 먹다 = <span class="md spoiler">I eat food</span>
--- ---
\*Note – Although the structure of the sentences presented in this lesson is perfect, the verbs are not conjugated, and thus, not perfect. You will learn about conjugating in [Lesson 5](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-5/) and [Lesson 6](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-6/). Before learning how to conjugate, however, it is essential that you understand the word-order of these sentences. However, because of some strange Korean grammatical rules, the sentences provided in the “Adjectives” section are technically perfect but are presented in an uncommon (but simplest) conjugation pattern. \*Note – Although the structure of the sentences presented in this lesson is perfect, the verbs are not conjugated, and thus, not perfect. You will learn about conjugating in [Lesson 5](./05-tenses.md) and [Lesson 6](./06-honorifics.md). Before learning how to conjugate, however, it is essential that you understand the word-order of these sentences. However, because of some strange Korean grammatical rules, the sentences provided in the “Adjectives” section are technically perfect but are presented in an uncommon (but simplest) conjugation pattern.
As with the previous lessons, we have attached audio recordings only to sentences that are grammatically correct. Incorrect sentences (due to not being conjugated) do not have audio recordings. Again, you will learn about these conjugations in [Lesson 5](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-5/) and [Lesson 6](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-6/). For now, try to understand the word order of the sentences and how the verbs/adjectives are being used. As with the previous lessons, we have attached audio recordings only to sentences that are grammatically correct. Incorrect sentences (due to not being conjugated) do not have audio recordings. Again, you will learn about these conjugations in [Lesson 5](./05-tenses.md) and [Lesson 6](./06-honorifics.md). For now, try to understand the word order of the sentences and how the verbs/adjectives are being used.
As with previous lessons, conjugated examples (one formal and one informal) are provided beneath the un-conjugated examples. Use these only for reference at this point. As with previous lessons, conjugated examples (one formal and one informal) are provided beneath the un-conjugated examples. Use these only for reference at this point.
Let’s look at some examples: Let’s look at some examples:
나는 케이크를 만들다 = I make a cake - 나는 케이크를 만들다 = <span class="md spoiler">I make a cake</span>
(나는 케이크를 만들어 / 저는 케이크를 만들어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-1.mp3" />) - (나는 케이크를 만들어 / 저는 케이크를 만들어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-1.mp3" />)
- 나는 배를 원하다 = <span class="md spoiler">I want a boat</span>
나는 배를 원하다 = I want a boat - (나는 배를 원해 / 저는 배를 원해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-2.mp3" />)
(나는 배를 원해 / 저는 배를 원해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-2.mp3" />) - 나는 한국어를 말하다 = <span class="md spoiler">I speak Korean</span>
- (나는 한국어를 말해 / 저는 한국어를 말해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-3.mp3" />)
나는 한국어를 말하다 = I speak Korean - 나는 공원에 가다 = <span class="md spoiler">I go to the park</span> (notice the particle 에)
(나는 한국어를 말해 / 저는 한국어를 말해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-3.mp3" />) - (나는 공원에 가 / 저는 공원에 가요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-4.mp3" />)
- 나는 문을 닫다 = <span class="md spoiler">I close the door</span>
나는 공원에 가다 = I go to the park (notice the particle 에) - (나는 문을 닫아 / 저는 문을 닫아요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-5.mp3" />)
(나는 공원에 가 / 저는 공원에 가요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-4.mp3" />) - 나는 창문을 열다 = <span class="md spoiler">I open the window</span>
- (나는 창문을 열어 / 저는 창문을 열어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-6.mp3" />)
나는 문을 닫다 = I close the door
(나는 문을 닫아 / 저는 문을 닫아요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-5.mp3" />)
나는 창문을 열다 = I open the window
(나는 창문을 열어 / 저는 창문을 열어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-6.mp3" />)
Remember that sentences with verbs don’t necessarily need to have an object in them if the context allows for it. Remember that sentences with verbs don’t necessarily need to have an object in them if the context allows for it.
나는 이해하다 = I understand - 나는 이해하다 = <span class="md spoiler">I understand</span>
(나는 이해해 / 저는 이해해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-7.mp3" />) - (나는 이해해 / 저는 이해해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-7.mp3" />)
Some verbs by default cannot act on an object. Words like: sleep, go, die, etc. You cannot say something like “I slept home”, or “I went restaurant”, or “I died her.” You can use nouns in sentences with those verbs, but only with the use of other particles – some of which you have learned already (~에) and some that you will learn in later lessons. With the use of other particles you can say things like: Some verbs by default cannot act on an object. Words like: sleep, go, die, etc. You cannot say something like “I slept home”, or “I went restaurant”, or “I died her.” You can use nouns in sentences with those verbs, but only with the use of other particles – some of which you have learned already (~에) and some that you will learn in later lessons. With the use of other particles you can say things like:
I slept _at_ home - I slept _at_ home
I went _to_ the restaurant - I went _to_ the restaurant
I died _with_ her - I died _with_ her
We will get into more complicated particles in later lessons, but here I want to focus on the purpose of ~를/을 and its function as an object particle. We will get into more complicated particles in later lessons, but here I want to focus on the purpose of ~를/을 and its function as an object particle.
@@ -845,29 +844,24 @@ Adjectives are very easy to use. Just put them into the sentence with your subje
_Note that due to weird Korean grammatical rules regarding adjectives, the un-conjugated sentences below are actually grammatically correct as they are. Therefore, we provided audio examples for the un-conjugated sentences and not the conjugated sentences (although all are correct). You will learn about this weird rule and how to conjugate adjectives in [Lesson 5](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-5/)._ _Note that due to weird Korean grammatical rules regarding adjectives, the un-conjugated sentences below are actually grammatically correct as they are. Therefore, we provided audio examples for the un-conjugated sentences and not the conjugated sentences (although all are correct). You will learn about this weird rule and how to conjugate adjectives in [Lesson 5](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-1-8/unit-1-lesson-5/)._
나는 아름답다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-8.mp3" /> = I am beautiful - 나는 아름답다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-8.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I am beautiful</span>
(나는 아름다워 / 저는 아름다워요) - (나는 아름다워 / 저는 아름다워요)
- 나는 작다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-9.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I am small</span>
나는 작다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-9.mp3" /> = I am small - (나는 작아 / 저는 작아요)
(나는 작아 / 저는 작아요) - 이 버스는 크다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/This-bus-is-big.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">This bus is big</span>
- (이 버스는 커 / 이 버스는 커요)
이 버스는 크다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/This-bus-is-big.mp3" /> = This bus is big - 그 병원은 새롭다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/That-hospital-is-new.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">That hospital is new</span>
(이 버스는 커 / 이 버스는 커요) - (그 병원은 새로워 / 그 병원은 새로워요)
- 이 공원은 매우 작다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/This-park-is-very-small.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">This park is very small</span>
그 병원은 새롭다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/That-hospital-is-new.mp3" /> = That hospital is new - (이 공원은 매우 작아 / 이 공원은 매우 작아요)
(그 병원은 새로워 / 그 병원은 새로워요) - 그 사람은 뚱뚱하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-10.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">That person is fat</span>
- (그 사람은 뚱뚱해 / 그 사람은 뚱뚱해요)
이 공원은 매우 작다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/This-park-is-very-small.mp3" /> = This park is very small
(이 공원은 매우 작아 / 이 공원은 매우 작아요)
그 사람은 뚱뚱하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-10.mp3" /> = That person is fat
(그 사람은 뚱뚱해 / 그 사람은 뚱뚱해요)
There is one confusing thing about translating sentences with Korean adjectives to English. Notice that in all examples above, the words “am/is/are/etc…” are used. In English, these words need to be used when using an adjective: There is one confusing thing about translating sentences with Korean adjectives to English. Notice that in all examples above, the words “am/is/are/etc…” are used. In English, these words need to be used when using an adjective:
I **am** fat - I **am** fat
He **is** fat - He **is** fat
They **are** fat - They **are** fat
Remember, the translation for “am/is/are” to Korean is “이다.” However, you do not use “이다” when writing a sentence like this in Korean. _Within_ the meaning of Korean adjective is “is/am/are.” Early learners are always confused by this. The confusion stems from the fact that it is done differently in English and Korean. Please, from here on, abandon what you know of grammar based on English – it will only hold you back. Remember, the translation for “am/is/are” to Korean is “이다.” However, you do not use “이다” when writing a sentence like this in Korean. _Within_ the meaning of Korean adjective is “is/am/are.” Early learners are always confused by this. The confusion stems from the fact that it is done differently in English and Korean. Please, from here on, abandon what you know of grammar based on English – it will only hold you back.
@@ -881,38 +875,38 @@ You already know that ‘I’ in Korean is 저/나. You also know the translatio
_Note: ~’s is not added to pronouns like I, you, he, she and they. Instead, the words my, your, his, her and their are used. The change from “I” to “my” is also accomplished by_ 의 _in Korean._ _Note: ~’s is not added to pronouns like I, you, he, she and they. Instead, the words my, your, his, her and their are used. The change from “I” to “my” is also accomplished by_ 의 _in Korean._
저 = I - 저 = <span class="md spoiler">I</span>
책 = book - 책 = <span class="md spoiler">book</span>
저의 책 = my book - 저의 책 = <span class="md spoiler">my book</span>
저의 차 = My car ---
그 사람의 차 = That person’s car
의사의 탁자 = The doctor’s table - 저의 차 = <span class="md spoiler">My car</span>
선생님의 차 = the teacher’s car - 그 사람의 차 = <span class="md spoiler">That person’s car</span>
저의 손가락 = my finger - 의사의 탁자 = <span class="md spoiler">The doctor’s table</span>
- 선생님의 차 = <span class="md spoiler">the teacher’s car</span>
- 저의 손가락 = <span class="md spoiler">my finger</span>
You can use these words in sentences you are familiar with (with verbs and adjectives): You can use these words in sentences you are familiar with (with verbs and adjectives):
선생님의 차는 크다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/The-teachers-car-is-big.mp3" /> = The teacher’s car is big
(선생님의 차는 커 / 선생님의 차는 커요)
나는 선생님의 차를 원하다 = I want the teacher’s car - 선생님의 차는 크다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/The-teachers-car-is-big.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">The teacher’s car is big</span>
(나는 선생님의 차를 원해 / 저는 선생님의 차를 원해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-11.mp3" />) - (선생님의 차는 커 / 선생님의 차는 커요)
- 나는 선생님의 차를 원하다 = <span class="md spoiler">I want the teacher’s car</span>
나의 손가락은 길다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/16.mp3" /> = My finger is long - (나는 선생님의 차를 원해 / 저는 선생님의 차를 원해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-11.mp3" />)
(나의 손가락은 길어 / 저의 손가락은 길어요) - 나의 손가락은 길다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/16.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">My finger is long</span>
- (나의 손가락은 길어 / 저의 손가락은 길어요)
그 여자의 눈은 아름답다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-3-s1.mp3" /> = That woman’s eyes are beautiful - 그 여자의 눈은 아름답다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-3-s1.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">That woman’s eyes are beautiful</span>
(그 여자의 눈은 아름다워 / 그 여자의 눈은 아름다워요) - (그 여자의 눈은 아름다워 / 그 여자의 눈은 아름다워요)
You will find that words like “my/our/their/his/her” are often omitted from sentences. As you will learn continuously throughout your Korean studies, Korean people _love_ shortening their sentences wherever possible. Whenever something can be assumed by context, words are often omitted from sentences to make them more simple. For example: You will find that words like “my/our/their/his/her” are often omitted from sentences. As you will learn continuously throughout your Korean studies, Korean people _love_ shortening their sentences wherever possible. Whenever something can be assumed by context, words are often omitted from sentences to make them more simple. For example:
나는 나의 친구를 만나다 = I meet my friend - 나는 나의 친구를 만나다 = <span class="md spoiler">I meet my friend</span>
(나는 나의 친구를 만나 / 저는 저의 친구를 만나요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new2.mp3" />) - (나는 나의 친구를 만나 / 저는 저의 친구를 만나요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new2.mp3" />)
Can be written as the following: Can be written as the following:
나는 친구를 만나다 = I meet (my/a) friend - 나는 친구를 만나다 = <span class="md spoiler">I meet (my/a) friend</span>
(나는 친구를 만나 / 저는 친구를 만나요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new3.mp3" />) - (나는 친구를 만나 / 저는 친구를 만나요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new3.mp3" />)
In this case (and many others like it) you are clearly meeting “_your_” friend, so the word “my” can be omitted from the sentence. In this case (and many others like it) you are clearly meeting “_your_” friend, so the word “my” can be omitted from the sentence.
@@ -922,56 +916,53 @@ Always try to stay away from translating sentences directly, and try to focus mo
The word 좋다 in Korean is an adjective that means “good.” Because 좋다 is an adjective we can use it just like any other adjective: The word 좋다 in Korean is an adjective that means “good.” Because 좋다 is an adjective we can use it just like any other adjective:
이 음식은 좋다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/This-food-is-good.mp3" /> = this food is good - 이 음식은 좋다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/This-food-is-good.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">this food is good</span>
(이 음식은 좋아 / 이 음식은 좋아요) - (이 음식은 좋아 / 이 음식은 좋아요)
- 그 선생님은 좋다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/That-teacher-is-good.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">that teacher is good</span>
- (그 선생님은 좋아 / 그 선생님은 좋아요)
- 이 학교는 좋다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/22.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">This school is good</span>
- (이 학교는 좋아 / 이 학교는 좋아요)
그 선생님은 좋다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/That-teacher-is-good.mp3" /> = that teacher is good There is also 좋아하다 which is a verb meaning ‘<span class="md spoiler">to like</span>.’ Because 좋아하다 is a verb, can use it just like any other verb:
(그 선생님은 좋아 / 그 선생님은 좋아요)
이 학교는 좋다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/22.mp3" /> = This school is good - 나는 이 음식을 좋아하다 = <span class="md spoiler">I like this food</span>
(이 학교는 좋아 / 이 학교는 좋아요) - (나는 이 음식을 좋아해 / 저는 이 음식을 좋아해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-15.mp3" />)
- 나는 그 선생님을 좋아하다 = <span class="md spoiler">I like that teacher</span>
There is also 좋아하다 which is a verb meaning ‘to like.’ Because 좋아하다 is a verb, can use it just like any other verb: - (나는 그 선생님을 좋아해 / 저는 그 선생님을 좋아해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-16.mp3" />)
나는 이 음식을 좋아하다 = I like this food
(나는 이 음식을 좋아해 / 저는 이 음식을 좋아해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-15.mp3" />)
나는 그 선생님을 좋아하다 = I like that teacher
(나는 그 선생님을 좋아해 / 저는 그 선생님을 좋아해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Lesson-3-16.mp3" />)
좋아하다 gets formed by removing ‘다’ from 좋다 and adding 아 + 하다. There _is_ a reason for why this is done, and there _is_ an explanation for how it is done – but you do not need to know this yet. For now, just understand that: 좋아하다 gets formed by removing ‘다’ from 좋다 and adding 아 + 하다. There _is_ a reason for why this is done, and there _is_ an explanation for how it is done – but you do not need to know this yet. For now, just understand that:
좋다 is an adjective which cannot act on an object - 좋다 is an adjective which cannot act on an object
좋아하다 is a verb which can act on an object - 좋아하다 is a verb which can act on an object
## We, Us, and Our (우리) ## We, Us, and Our (우리)
At this point I would also like to introduce you to the word “우리” which you can see from the vocabulary list of this lesson translates to “us” or “we.” In English, even though they are technically the same word, the usage of “us” or “we” depends on its location within the sentence it is used in. Just like “I” and “me”, if the word is the subject of a sentence, “we” is used. For example: At this point I would also like to introduce you to the word “우리” which you can see from the vocabulary list of this lesson translates to “us” or “we.” In English, even though they are technically the same word, the usage of “us” or “we” depends on its location within the sentence it is used in. Just like “I” and “me”, if the word is the subject of a sentence, “we” is used. For example:
I like you - I like you
We like you - We like you
However, if the word is the object in a sentence, the word “us” is used. For example: However, if the word is the object in a sentence, the word “us” is used. For example:
He likes me - He likes me
He likes us - He likes us
In Korean, they do not make this distinction, and “우리” is used in both situations. For example: In Korean, they do not make this distinction, and “우리” is used in both situations. For example:
우리는 너를 좋아하다 = We like you - 우리는 너를 좋아하다 = <span class="md spoiler">We like you</span>
(우리는 너를 좋아해 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new6.mp3" />) - (우리는 너를 좋아해 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new6.mp3" />)
_I deliberately didn’t include a formal version of the conjugated sentence above because it is usually awkward to say the word “you” politely in Korean. We’ll get to this in a later lesson._ _I deliberately didn’t include a formal version of the conjugated sentence above because it is usually awkward to say the word “you” politely in Korean. We’ll get to this in a later lesson._
선생님은 우리를 좋아하다 = The teacher likes us - 선생님은 우리를 좋아하다 = <span class="md spoiler">The teacher likes us</span>
(선생님은 우리를 좋아해 / 선생님은 우리를 좋아해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new7.mp3" />) - (선생님은 우리를 좋아해 / 선생님은 우리를 좋아해요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new7.mp3" />)
By placing the possessive particle “의” after “우리” we can create the meaning of “our”. While this _can_ be done, I feel it is much more common to omit this particle when it is used with “우리.” In fact, the particle “의” is very commonly omitted from words other than “우리” as well. However, I don’t suggest thinking about doing this until you have a better grasp of the language. At this point, I only suggest that you do this with “우리.” For example: By placing the possessive particle “의” after “우리” we can create the meaning of “our”. While this _can_ be done, I feel it is much more common to omit this particle when it is used with “우리.” In fact, the particle “의” is very commonly omitted from words other than “우리” as well. However, I don’t suggest thinking about doing this until you have a better grasp of the language. At this point, I only suggest that you do this with “우리.” For example:
우리 선생님은 남자이다 = Our teacher is a man - 우리 선생님은 남자이다 = <span class="md spoiler">Our teacher is a man</span>
(우리 선생님은 남자야 | 우리 선생님은 남자예요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new4.mp3" />) - (우리 선생님은 남자야 | 우리 선생님은 남자예요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Lesson-3-new4.mp3" />)
- 우리 집은 크다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/28.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">Our house is big</span>
우리 집은 크다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/28.mp3" /> = Our house is big - (우리 집은 커 | 우리 집은 커요)
(우리 집은 커 | 우리 집은 커요)
A formal version of “우리” is “저희”. However, even in formal situations it is acceptable to use “우리”. At this point, you haven’t even begun to learn about the different levels of formality of Korean, so I don’t want you to get too worried about this word. A formal version of “우리” is “저희”. However, even in formal situations it is acceptable to use “우리”. At this point, you haven’t even begun to learn about the different levels of formality of Korean, so I don’t want you to get too worried about this word.