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add conj to lesson 5-16, focusing on irregulars for 13-16

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docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/09-conjugate-이다.md
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@@ -270,58 +270,34 @@ vocabulary:
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson-11-vocab-24.mp3
en: to become
notes: |
<p>One of the usages of 되다 is to make a verb change to the passive voice. This is introduced in <a href="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-14-korean-passive-verbs/">Lesson 14</a>. For example:</p>
<ul>
<li><TTS class="md">점심이 학교에 준비되었어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">The lunch was provided by the school</span></li>
</ul>
<p>One of the usages of 되다 is to make a verb change to the passive voice. This is introduced in <a href="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-14-korean-passive-verbs/">Lesson 14</a>. For example: "점심이 학교에 준비되었어요" = "The lunch was provided by the school"</p>
<p>In addition to this, there are many ways 되다 can be used. This is just a small sample:</p>
<p>To indicate that <span class="md spoiler">one becomes something</span>:</p>
<ul>
<li><TTS class="md">미래에 저는 의사가 <strong>되</strong>고 싶어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to <strong>be</strong> a doctor in the future</span></li>
<li><TTS class="md">저는 언젠가 선생님이 <strong>되</strong>고 싶어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I want to <strong>become</strong> a teacher someday</span></li>
</ul>
<p>To indicate that <span class="md spoiler">you have been doing something for a certain amount of time</span>:</p>
<ul>
<li><TTS class="md">밥을 먹은 지 5분 <strong>됐어요</strong></TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I have been eating for 5 minutes</span></li>
<li><TTS class="md">운동한 지 오래 <strong>됐어요</strong>?</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">Have you been exercising for a long time?</span></li>
</ul>
<p>To indicate that <span class="md spoiler">something that something is “ready” or “done” or “finished”</span>:</p>
<ul>
<li><TTS class="md">밥이 아직 안 <strong>됐어요</strong></TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">The rice isn’t ready yet</span></li>
<li><TTS class="md">저는 갈 준비 <strong>됐어요</strong></TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I am ready to go</span></li>
<li><TTS class="md">Wifi가 잘 안 <strong>돼요</strong></TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">The WiFi doesn’t work well</span></li>
</ul>
<p>To indicate that <span class="md spoiler">one can or cannot do something</span>:</p>
<ul>
<li><TTS class="md">지금 가도 <strong>돼요</strong>?</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">May I go now?</span></li>
<li><TTS class="md">안 가도 <strong>돼요</strong></TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">You don’t have to go</span></li>
</ul>
<p>To indicate that one becomes something: "미래에 저는 의사가 되고 싶어요" = "I want to be a doctor in the future", "저는 언젠가 선생님이 되고 싶어요" = "I want to become a teacher someday"</p>
<p>To indicate that you have been doing something for a certain amount of time: "밥을 먹은 지 5분 됐어요" = "I have been eating for 5 minutes", "운동한 지 오래 됐어요?" = "Have you been exercising for a long time?"</p>
<p>To indicate that something that something is "ready" or "done" or "finished": "밥이 아직 안 됐어요" = "The rice isn't ready yet", "저는 갈 준비 됐어요" = "I am ready to go", "Wifi가 잘 안 돼요" = "The WiFi doesn't work well"</p>
<p>To indicate that one can or cannot do something: "지금 가도 돼요?" = "May I go now?", "안 가도 돼요" = "You don't have to go"</p>
<p>~아/어: 돼, ~ㄴ/은: 된, ~ㄴ/는다: 된다, ~ㅂ/습니다: 됩니다, ~ㄹ/을: 될, ~니: 되니, ~ㅁ/음: 됨, ~(으)려고: 되려고, ~(으)시: 되시, ~(으)면: 되면, ~(으)니: 되니</p>
examples:
- ko: 점심이 학교에 준비**되었어요**
en: The lunch was provided by the school
- ko: 미래에 저는 의사가 **되**고 싶어요
en: I want to **be** a doctor in the future
- ko: 저는 언젠가 선생님이 **되**고 싶어요
en: I want to **become** a teacher someday
- ko: 밥을 먹은 지 5분 **됐어요**
en: I **have been** eating for 5 minutes
- ko: 운동한 지 오래 **됐어요**?
en: "**Have** you **been** exercising for a long time?"
- ko: 밥이 아직 안 **됐어요**
en: The rice isn’t ready **yet**
en: The rice isn't ready **yet**
- ko: 저는 갈 준비 **됐어요**
en: I am **ready** to go
- ko: Wifi가 잘 안 **돼요**
en: The WiFi doesn’t work well (**yet**)
en: The WiFi doesn't work well
- ko: 지금 가도 **돼요**?
en: "**May** I go now?"
- ko: 안 가도 **돼요**
en: You don’t **have to** go
en: You don't **have to** go
- ko: 시작하다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson-11-vocab-25.mp3
@@ -329,6 +305,7 @@ vocabulary:
notes: |
<p>This word appears in Korean Sign Explanation [Video 14]</p>
<p><YouTube id="b8X6ryrJGeY" /></p>
<p>~해: 시작해, ~ㄴ/은: 시작한, ~ㄴ/는다: 시작한다, ~ㅂ/습니다: 시작합니다, ~ㄹ/을: 시작할, ~니: 시작하니, ~ㅁ/음: 시작함, ~(으)려고: 시작하려고, ~(으)시: 시작하시, ~(으)면: 시작하면, ~(으)니: 시작하니</p>
examples:
- ko: 그는 밥을 벌써 먹기 **시작했어요**
en: He **started** eating already
@@ -343,6 +320,7 @@ vocabulary:
notes: |
<p>The noun form of this word ("행동") translates to "an action."</p>
<p>This meaning is not "to act" in the sense of an actor or actress. Instead, this meaning is similar to somebody doing something, for example: "act responsibly".</p>
<p>~해: 행동해, ~ㄴ/은: 행동한, ~ㄴ/는다: 행동한다, ~ㅂ/습니다: 행동합니다, ~ㄹ/을: 행동할, ~니: 행동하니, ~ㅁ/음: 행동함, ~(으)려고: 행동하려고, ~(으)시: 행동하시, ~(으)면: 행동하면, ~(으)니: 행동하니</p>
examples:
- ko: 부모님 앞에서 그렇게 **행동하**지 마세요
en: Don't **act** that way in front of your parents
@@ -384,6 +362,8 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: 잃다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson-11-vocab-30.mp3
en: to lose
notes: |
<p>~아/어: 잃어, ~ㄴ/은: 잃은, ~ㄴ/는다: 잃는다, ~ㅂ/습니다: 잃습니다, ~ㄹ/을: 잃을, ~니: 잃으니, ~ㅁ/음: 잃음, ~(으)려고: 잃으려고, ~(으)시: 잃으시, ~(으)면: 잃으면, ~(으)니: 잃으니</p>
examples:
- ko: 저는 열쇠를 **잃어버렸어요**
en: I **lost** my keys
@@ -396,6 +376,7 @@ vocabulary:
notes: |
<p>Sometimes you will find two verbs connected by "~아/어". This grammatical principle is fairly complex and isn't discussed in great detail until Lesson 70.</p>
<p>A basic explanation for now is that "~아/어" essentially has no real meaning, and that the meaning of both verbs comes out. "버리다" is probably the most common verb that you will find after a verb and ~아/어. Constructions in this format "(verb + ~아/어 + 버리다) add emotion to a sentence. The emotion is as if something was "thrown away" or done without any real thinking of the consequences.</p>
<p>~아/어: 잃어버려, ~ㄴ/은: 잃어버린, ~ㄴ/는다: 잃어버린다, ~ㅂ/습니다: 잃어버립니다, ~ㄹ/을: 잃어버릴, ~니: 잃어버리니, ~ㅁ/음: 잃어버림, ~(으)려고: 잃어버리려고, ~(으)시: 잃어버리시, ~(으)면: 잃어버리면, ~(으)니: 잃어버리니</p>
examples:
- ko: 저는 열쇠를 **잃어버렸어요**
en: I **lost** my keys
@@ -409,6 +390,7 @@ vocabulary:
en: to put on one's clothes, to wear
notes: |
<p>The word 입히다 is used when you are putting the clothes on somebody else</p>
<p>~아/어: 입어, ~ㄴ/은: 입은, ~ㄴ/는다: 입는다, ~ㅂ/습니다: 입습니다, ~ㄹ/을: 입을, ~니: 입으니, ~ㅁ/음: 입음, ~(으)려고: 입으려고, ~(으)시: 입으시, ~(으)면: 입으면, ~(으)니: 입으니</p>
examples:
- ko: 저는 보통 **까만** 양복을 **입어요**
en: I usually **wear** black suits
@@ -428,6 +410,7 @@ vocabulary:
en: to take off one's clothes
notes: |
<p>The word 벗기다 is used when you are taking the clothes off of somebody else</p>
<p>~아/어: 벗어, ~ㄴ/은: 벗은, ~ㄴ/는다: 벗는다, ~ㅂ/습니다: 벗습니다, ~ㄹ/을: 벗을, ~니: 벗으니, ~ㅁ/음: 벗음, ~(으)려고: 벗으려고, ~(으)시: 벗으시, ~(으)면: 벗으면, ~(으)니: 벗으니</p>
examples:
- ko: 저는 저의 옷을 **벗었어요**
en: I **took off** my clothes
@@ -437,6 +420,8 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: 웃다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson-11-vocab-33.mp3
en: to laugh
notes: |
<p>~아/어: 웃어, ~ㄴ/은: 웃은, ~ㄴ/는다: 웃는다, ~ㅂ/습니다: 웃습니다, ~ㄹ/을: 웃을, ~니: 웃으니, ~ㅁ/음: 웃음, ~(으)려고: 웃으려고, ~(으)시: 웃으시, ~(으)면: 웃으면, ~(으)니: 웃으니</p>
examples:
- ko: "**웃**지 마세요!"
en: Please don't **laugh**!
@@ -451,6 +436,7 @@ vocabulary:
<p>부끄럽다 follows the ㅂ irregular</p>
<p>This word is more common than you would think. Korean people are generally very shy and thus, this word is used a lot. It is an irregular adjective. See Lesson 7 for more information.</p>
<p>The addition of ~아/어하다 is commonly done when the speaker is not the person who is shy. This grammar is explained in Lesson 105</p>
<p>~아/어: 부끄러워, ~ㄴ/은: 부끄러운, ~ㅂ/습니다: 부끄럽습니다, ~ㄹ/을: 부끄러울, ~니: 부끄러우니, ~ㅁ/음: 부끄러움, ~(으)려고: 부끄러우려고, ~(으)시: 부끄러우시, ~(으)면: 부끄러우면, ~(으)니: 부끄러우니</p>
examples:
- ko: 제가 너무 **부끄러워서** 발표를 못해요
en: I can't do presentations because I am so **shy**