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lesson 3 remaing vocab

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### Verbs ### Verbs
먹다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-17.mp3" /> = to eat 먹다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-17.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to eat</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: The formal version of this word is 들다 (usually said as 드시다) Notes:
An even more formal version of this word is 잡수시다
- The formal version of this word is <TTS>들다</TTS> (usually said as 드시다)
- An even more formal version of this word is <TTS>잡수시다</TTS>
Common Usages: Common Usages:
밥을 먹다 = to eat rice/food
먹기 싫다 = to not want to eat - <TTS>밥을 먹다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to eat rice/food</span>
- <TTS>먹기 싫다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to not want to eat</span>
Examples: Examples:
밥을 **먹었어요**? = Have you **eaten**?
저는 아침식사로 밥을 **먹었어요** = I **ate** rice for breakfast - 밥을 **먹었어요**? = <span class="md spoiler">Have you **eaten**?</span>
저는 보통 점심식사로 과일만 **먹어요** = I usually only **eat** fruit for lunch - 저는 아침식사로 밥을 **먹었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **ate** rice for breakfast</span>
저는 밥을 많이 **먹었어요** = I **ate** a lot of rice - 저는 보통 점심식사로 과일만 **먹어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I usually only **eat** fruit for lunch</span>
저는 햄버거 두 개를 **먹었어요** = I **ate** two hamburgers - 저는 밥을 많이 **먹었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **ate** a lot of rice</span>
저는 어제 고기를 두 번 **먹었어요** = I **ate** meat twice yesterday - 저는 햄버거 두 개를 **먹었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **ate** two hamburgers</span>
나는 5시에 **먹을** **거야** = I will **eat** at 5:00 - 저는 어제 고기를 두 번 **먹었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **ate** meat twice yesterday</span>
저는 사흘 동안 밥을 안 **먹었어요** = I didn’t **eat** rice for 3 days - 나는 5시에 **먹을** **거야** = <span class="md spoiler">I will **eat** at 5:00</span>
저는 2주일 동안 한식을 안 **먹었어요** = I didn’t **eat** Korean food for two weeks - 저는 사흘 동안 밥을 안 **먹었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I didn’t **eat** rice for 3 days</span>
- 저는 2주일 동안 한식을 안 **먹었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I didn’t **eat** Korean food for two weeks</span>
</Details> </Details>
가다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-18.mp3" /> = to go 가다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-18.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to go</span>
<Details> <Details>
Common Usages: Common Usages:
집에 가다 = to go home
가야 되다 = to have to go - <TTS>집에 가다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to go home</span>
가지 마세요 = don’t go - <TTS>가야 되다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to have to go</span>
- <TTS>가지 마세요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">don’t go</span>
Examples: Examples:
저는 내일 학교에 **갈** **거예요** = Tomorrow I **will go** to school
저의 친구는 저 쪽으로 **갔어요** = My friend **went** that way - 저는 내일 학교에 **갈** **거예요** = <span class="md spoiler">Tomorrow I **will go** to school</span>
저는 학교에 **가**서 공부할 거예요 = I will **go** to school and then study - 저의 친구는 저 쪽으로 **갔어요** = <span class="md spoiler">My friend **went** that way</span>
빨리 집에 **가**서 쉬세요! = **Go** home quickly and rest! - 저는 학교에 **가**서 공부할 거예요 = <span class="md spoiler">I will **go** to school and then study</span>
저는 캐나다에 **가**고 싶어요 = I want to **go** to Canada - 빨리 집에 **가**서 쉬세요! = <span class="md spoiler">**Go** home quickly and rest!</span>
어디 **가**고 싶어요? = Where do you want to **go**? - 저는 캐나다에 **가**고 싶어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to **go** to Canada</span>
어디까지 **가**고 싶어요? = How far/until when do you want to **go**? - 어디 **가**고 싶어요? = <span class="md spoiler">Where do you want to **go**?</span>
친구는 학교에 **가**고 있어요 = My friend is **going** to school - 어디까지 **가**고 싶어요? = <span class="md spoiler">How far/until when do you want to **go**?</span>
공부하러 학교에 **가**고 있어요 = I’m **going** to school to study - 친구는 학교에 **가**고 있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">My friend is **going** to school</span>
엄마가 어디에 있어요? 병원에 **갔어요**? = Where is mom? Did she **go** to the hospital? - 공부하러 학교에 **가**고 있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I’m **going** to school to study</span>
엄마가 **갔**을 때 저는 울었어요 = When mom **left**, I cried - 엄마가 어디에 있어요? 병원에 **갔어요**? = <span class="md spoiler">Where is mom? Did she **go** to the hospital?</span>
선생님은 학생들과 박물관에 **갔다** = The teacher **went** to the museum with the students - 엄마가 **갔**을 때 저는 울었어요 = <span class="md spoiler">When mom **left**, I cried</span>
- 선생님은 학생들과 박물관에 **갔다** = <span class="md spoiler">The teacher **went** to the museum with the students</span>
</Details> </Details>
만나다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-19.mp3" /> = to meet 만나다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-19.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to meet</span>
<Details> <Details>
Common Usages: Common Usages:
만남 = a meeting
친구를 만나다 = to meet a friend - <TTS>만남</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">a meeting</span>
만나서 반갑습니다 = nice to meet you - <TTS>친구를 만나다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to meet a friend</span>
- <TTS>만나서 반갑습니다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">nice to meet you</span>
Example: Example:
저는 어제 친구를 **만났어요** = I **met** a friend yesterday
저는 내일 사람 두 명을 **만날** **거예요** = I will **meet** two people tomorrow - 저는 어제 친구를 **만났어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **met** a friend yesterday</span>
저는 내일 사람 두 명 더 **만날** **거예요** = I will **meet** two more people tomorrow - 저는 내일 사람 두 명을 **만날** **거예요** = <span class="md spoiler">I will **meet** two people tomorrow</span>
그 사람을 **만나**고 싶습니까? = Do you want to **meet** that person? - 저는 내일 사람 두 명 더 **만날** **거예요** = <span class="md spoiler">I will **meet** two more people tomorrow</span>
그 여자를 **만난** 적이 없어요 = I have never **met** that girl/I haven’t met that girl - 그 사람을 **만나**고 싶습니까? = <span class="md spoiler">Do you want to **meet** that person?</span>
선생님은 내일 학생들을 **만날** 거예요 = The teacher will **meet** the students tomorrow - 그 여자를 **만난** 적이 없어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I have never **met** that girl/I haven’t met that girl</span>
저는 남편을 공원에서 **만날** 거예요 = I will **meet** my husband at the park - 선생님은 내일 학생들을 **만날** 거예요 = <span class="md spoiler">The teacher will **meet** the students tomorrow</span>
우리는 며칠 전에 **만났어요** = We **met** a few days ago - 저는 남편을 공원에서 **만날** 거예요 = <span class="md spoiler">I will **meet** my husband at the park</span>
우리가 마지막으로 언제 **만났지**? = When was the last time that we **met**? - 우리는 며칠 전에 **만났어요** = <span class="md spoiler">We **met** a few days ago</span>
- 우리가 마지막으로 언제 **만났지**? = <span class="md spoiler">When was the last time that we **met**?</span>
</Details> </Details>
닫다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-20.mp3" /> = to close 닫다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-20.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to close</span>
<Details> <Details>
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “닫따” The pronunciation of this word is closer to “닫따”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
문을 닫다 = to close a door
창문을 닫다 = to close a window
Examples: 저는 **문**을 닫았어요 = I **closed** the door - <TTS>문을 닫다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to close a door</span>
너무 추워서 문을 **닫았어요** = I **closed** the door because it is too cold - <TTS>창문을 닫다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to close a window</span>
문을 **닫아**야 돼요 = You have to **close** the door
이 가게는 몇 시에 **닫아요**? = What time does this store **close**? Examples:
밖이 갑자기 어두워지고 저는 겁이 나서 커튼을 **닫아** 놓았어요 = Outside got dark all of a sudden, and I was scared so I **closed** the curtains
- 저는 **문**을 닫았어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I **closed** the door</span>
- 너무 추워서 문을 **닫았어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **closed** the door because it is too cold</span>
- 문을 **닫아**야 돼요 = <span class="md spoiler">You have to **close** the door</span>
- 이 가게는 몇 시에 **닫아요**? = <span class="md spoiler">What time does this store **close**?</span>
- 밖이 갑자기 어두워지고 저는 겁이 나서 커튼을 **닫아** 놓았어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Outside got dark all of a sudden, and I was scared so I **closed** the curtains</span>
</Details> </Details>
열다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-21.mp3" /> = to open 열다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-21.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to open</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: 열다 can be used to open up something that can also be closed – like a door or a window. For example: Notes: 열다 can be used to open up something that can also be closed – like a door or a window. For example:
저는 창문을 **열었어요** = I **opened** the window - 저는 창문을 **열었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **opened** the window</span>
저는 아줌마를 위해 문을 **열었어요** = I **opened** the door for an older lady - 저는 아줌마를 위해 문을 **열었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **opened** the door for an older lady</span>
너무 더워서 창문을 **열었어요** = I **opened** a window because it is too hot - 너무 더워서 창문을 **열었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **opened** a window because it is too hot</span>
It is also commonly used to indicate that one “holds” an event where many people will gather. For example: It is also commonly used to indicate that one “holds” an event where many people will gather. For example:
그 친구가 미국에 가기 전에 송별회를 **열** <strong>거예요</strong> - 그 친구가 미국에 가기 전에 송별회를 **열** <strong>거예요</strong>
= We will **hold** a going away party for that friend before he goes to America - <span class="md spoiler">We will **hold** a going away party for that friend before he goes to America</span>
- 우리는 다음 주에 그 문제에 대한 회의를 **열** <strong>거예요</strong>
우리는 다음 주에 그 문제에 대한 회의를 **열** <strong>거예요</strong> - <span class="md spoiler">We are going to **hold** a meeting next week about that problem</span>
= We are going to **hold** a meeting next week about that problem
</Details> </Details>
원하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-22.mp3" /> = to want (an object) 원하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-22.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to want (an object)</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: Notes:
This word can only be used to say that you want a noun. You cannot say that you want to do a verb using 원하다. In order to say “I want to do…” see [Lesson 17](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-17-25-2/lesson-17/). This word can only be used to say that you want a noun. You cannot say that you want to do a verb using 원하다. In order to say “I want to do…” see [Lesson 17](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-17-25-2/lesson-17/).
Examples: Examples:
저는 더 큰 집을 **원해요** = I **want** a bigger house
저는 그 책을 **원해요** = I **want** that book - 저는 더 큰 집을 **원해요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **want** a bigger house</span>
어떤 종류의 차를 **원해요**? = What type of car do you **want**? - 저는 그 책을 **원해요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **want** that book</span>
저의 여자 친구는 제가 사과를 가져오는 것을 원해요 = My girlfriend **wants** me to bring apples - 어떤 종류의 차를 **원해요**? = <span class="md spoiler">What type of car do you **want**?</span>
- 저의 여자 친구는 제가 사과를 가져오는 것을 원해요 = <span class="md spoiler">My girlfriend **wants** me to bring apples</span>
</Details> </Details>
만들다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-23.mp3" /> = to make 만들다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-23.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to make</span>
<Details> <Details>
Examples: Examples:
그것을 어떻게 **만들었어요**? = How did you **make** that?
저는 그것을 손으로 **만들었어요** = I **built** that with my hands - 그것을 어떻게 **만들었어요**? = <span class="md spoiler">How did you **make** that?</span>
저는 친구를 위해 빵을 **만들었어요** = I **made** bread for my friend - 저는 그것을 손으로 **만들었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **built** that with my hands</span>
누가 피자를 **만들었어**? = Who **made** the pizza? - 저는 친구를 위해 빵을 **만들었어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **made** bread for my friend</span>
이것을 **만들어** 주세요 = Please, **make** this for me - 누가 피자를 **만들었어**? = <span class="md spoiler">Who **made** the pizza?</span>
케이크를 만들 때 쿠키도 **만들** 거예요 = When I make a cake, I will also **make** cookies - 이것을 **만들어** 주세요 = <span class="md spoiler">Please, **make** this for me</span>
그 단어로 완벽한 문장을 **만들어** 주세요 = **Make** a perfect/complete sentence using that word, please - 케이크를 만들 때 쿠키도 **만들** 거예요 = <span class="md spoiler">When I make a cake, I will also **make** cookies</span>
- 그 단어로 완벽한 문장을 **만들어** 주세요 = <span class="md spoiler">**Make** a perfect/complete sentence using that word, please</span>
</Details> </Details>
하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-24.mp3" /> = to do 하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-24.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to do</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: Notes:
Attaching 하다 to nouns (usually of Chinese origin) changes that noun into a verb. For example: Attaching 하다 to nouns (usually of Chinese origin) changes that noun into a verb. For example:
요리 = cooking - <TTS>요리</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">cooking</span>
요리하다 = to cook - <TTS>요리하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to cook</span>
- <TTS>결혼</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">marriage</span>
결혼 = marriage - <TTS>결혼하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to marry</span>
결혼하다 = to marry - <TTS>말</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">speech/speaking/words</span>
- <TTS>말하다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to speak</span>
말 = speech/speaking/words
말하다 = to speak
Example: Example:
그것을 언제 **했어요**? = When did you **do** that?
저는 그것을 지금 **하고** 있어요 = I am **doing** that now - 그것을 언제 **했어요**? = <span class="md spoiler">When did you **do** that?</span>
저는 그것을 **하고** 싶어요 = I want to **do** that - 저는 그것을 지금 **하고** 있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I am **doing** that now</span>
- 저는 그것을 **하고** 싶어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to **do** that</span>
</Details> </Details>
말하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-25.mp3" /> = to speak 말하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-25.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to speak</span>
<Details> <Details>
The noun form of this word “말,” translates to speech, or “something that one says.” The noun form of this word “말,” translates to speech, or “something that one says.”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
할 말이 있다 = to have something to say
- <TTS>할 말이 있다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to have something to say</span>
Examples: Examples:
뭐라고 **말했어요**? = What did you **say**?
그는 한국어를 자연스럽게 **말해요** = he **speaks** Korean naturally - 뭐라고 **말했어요**? = <span class="md spoiler">What did you **say**?</span>
저는 한국어로 **말했어요** = I **spoke** in Korean - 그는 한국어를 자연스럽게 **말해요** = <span class="md spoiler">he **speaks** Korean naturally</span>
저는 그 문장을 한국어로 **말했어요** = I **said** that sentence (using) in Korean - 저는 한국어로 **말했어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **spoke** in Korean</span>
저는 저의 아버지에 대해 **말했어요** = I **spoke** about my father - 저는 그 문장을 한국어로 **말했어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **said** that sentence (using) in Korean</span>
아빠는 왜 저렇게 **말하고** 있어요? = Why is dad **talking** like that? - 저는 저의 아버지에 대해 **말했어요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **spoke** about my father</span>
제가 밥을 먹었을 때 **말하고** 싶지 않았어요 = When I ate, I didn’t want to <strong>talk</strong> - 아빠는 왜 저렇게 **말하고** 있어요? = <span class="md spoiler">Why is dad **talking** like that?</span>
그것은 제가 **말하고** 싶었던 것이었어요 = That was what I had wanted to <strong>say</strong> - 제가 밥을 먹었을 때 **말하고** 싶지 않았어요 = <span class="md spoiler">When I ate, I didn’t want to <strong>talk</strong></span>
제 **말**을 이해했어요? = Did you understand what I **said** (my **speaking**?) - 그것은 제가 **말하고** 싶었던 것이었어요 = <span class="md spoiler">That was what I had wanted to <strong>say</strong></span>
- 제 **말**을 이해했어요? = <span class="md spoiler">Did you understand what I **said** (my **speaking**?)</span>
</Details> </Details>
이해하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-26.mp3" /> = to understand 이해하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-26.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to understand</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: In order to say that you don’t understand, it is common to use: Notes:
저는 이해가 안 돼요 = I don’t understand, or
저는 이해하지 못 하겠어요 = I don’t understand In order to say that you don’t understand, it is common to use:
- <TTS>저는 이해가 안 돼요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I don’t understand</span>, or
- <TTS>저는 이해하지 못 하겠어요</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">I don’t understand</span>
Example: Example:
제 말을 **이해했어요**? = Did you **understand** what I said (my speaking?)
학생들은 그것을 **이해했어요** = The students understood that - 제 말을 **이해했어요**? = <span class="md spoiler">Did you **understand** what I said (my speaking?)</span>
저는 완전히 **이해해요** = I completely **understand** - 학생들은 그것을 **이해했어요** = <span class="md spoiler">The students understood that</span>
그 뜻을 **이해하**려고 책을 두 번 읽었어요 = In order to **understand** that meaning, I read the book twice - 저는 완전히 **이해해요** = <span class="md spoiler">I completely **understand**</span>
그 학생은 물리의 기본도 **이해하**지 못해요 = That student doesn’t even **understand** basic physics - 그 뜻을 **이해하**려고 책을 두 번 읽었어요 = <span class="md spoiler">In order to **understand** that meaning, I read the book twice</span>
- 그 학생은 물리의 기본도 **이해하**지 못해요 = <span class="md spoiler">That student doesn’t even **understand** basic physics</span>
</Details> </Details>
좋아하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-27.mp3" /> = to like 좋아하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-27.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to like</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: 좋다 is an adjective that means “good.” 좋아하다 is a verb that means “like.” For more information, see [Lesson 15](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-15/). Notes:
좋다 is an adjective that means “good.” 좋아하다 is a verb that means “like.” For more information, see [Lesson 15](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-15/).
Examples: Examples:
저는 우리 학교를 **좋아해요** = I **like** our school
저는 그 선생님을 **좋아해요** = I **like** that teacher - 저는 우리 학교를 **좋아해요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **like** our school</span>
저는 수학을 제일 좋아해요 = I **like** math most (math is my favorite) - 저는 그 선생님을 **좋아해요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **like** that teacher</span>
아이들은 만화영화를 매우 **좋아해요** = Children really **like** animated movies - 저는 수학을 제일 좋아해요 = <span class="md spoiler">I **like** math most (math is my favorite)</span>
몇몇 사람들은 밥을 **좋아하**지 않아요 = Some people don’t **like** rice - 아이들은 만화영화를 매우 **좋아해요** = <span class="md spoiler">Children really **like** animated movies</span>
학생들은 그 선생님을 특히 **좋아해요** = Students especially **like** that teacher - 몇몇 사람들은 밥을 **좋아하**지 않아요 = <span class="md spoiler">Some people don’t **like** rice</span>
제가 가장 **좋아하는** 색깔은 초록색이에요 = My **favorite** color is green - 학생들은 그 선생님을 특히 **좋아해요** = <span class="md spoiler">Students especially **like** that teacher</span>
저는 저런 여자를 **좋아하**지 않아요 = I don’t **like** that kind of girl - 제가 가장 **좋아하는** 색깔은 초록색이에요 = <span class="md spoiler">My **favorite** color is green</span>
- 저는 저런 여자를 **좋아하**지 않아요 = <span class="md spoiler">I don’t **like** that kind of girl</span>
</Details> </Details>
### Adjectives ### Adjectives
크다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-28.mp3" /> = to be big 크다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-28.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be big</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: For more information on how to conjugate adjectives, see [Lesson 4](./04-adjectives.md) and [Lesson 5](./05-tenses.md). Notes:
For more information on how to conjugate adjectives, see [Lesson 4](./04-adjectives.md) and [Lesson 5](./05-tenses.md).
크다 follows the ㅡ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information. 크다 follows the ㅡ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information.
Common Usages: Common Usages:
키가 크다 = to be tall
키가 몇 센티예요? = How tall are you? - <TTS>키가 크다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to be tall</span>
키가 얼마나 돼요? = How tall are you? - <TTS>키가 몇 센티예요?</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">How tall are you?</span>
- <TTS>키가 얼마나 돼요?</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">How tall are you?</span>
Examples: Examples:
그 집은 아주 **커요** = That house is very <strong>big</strong>
저는 남동생보다 키가 더 **커요** = I am taller (my height is **bigger**) than my brother - 그 집은 아주 **커요** = <span class="md spoiler">That house is very <strong>big</strong></span>
- 저는 남동생보다 키가 더 **커요** = <span class="md spoiler">I am taller (my height is **bigger**) than my brother</span>
</Details> </Details>
작다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-29.mp3" /> = to be small 작다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-29.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be small</span>
<Details> <Details>
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “작따” The pronunciation of this word is closer to “작따”
Common Usages: Common Usages:
키가 작다 = to be short
- <TTS>키가 작다</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">to be short</span>
Example: Example:
저는 **작은** 집에서 살아요 = I live in a **small** house
이것은 너무 작은가요? = Is this too **small**? - 저는 **작은** 집에서 살아요 = <span class="md spoiler">I live in a **small** house</span>
당근을 **작은** 조각으로 자르세요 = Cut the carrots into **small** pieces, please - 이것은 너무 작은가요? = <span class="md spoiler">Is this too **small**?</span>
이 셔츠가 너무 **작아**서 못 입어요 = I can’t put this shirt on because it is too <strong>small</strong> - 당근을 **작은** 조각으로 자르세요 = <span class="md spoiler">Cut the carrots into **small** pieces, please</span>
이 바지가 너무 **작아**서 다른 것으로 바꿀 거예요 I’m going to change these pants to another (a different) pair because they are too **small** - 이 셔츠가 너무 **작아**서 못 입어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I can’t put this shirt on because it is too <strong>small</strong></span>
- 이 바지가 너무 **작아**서 다른 것으로 바꿀 거예요
- <span class="md spoiler">I’m going to change these pants to another (a different) pair because they are too **small**</span>
</Details> </Details>
새롭다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-30.mp3" /> = to be new 새롭다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-30.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be new</span>
<Details> <Details>
@@ -647,50 +676,54 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “새롭따”
새롭다 follows the ㅂ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information. 새롭다 follows the ㅂ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information.
Examples: Examples:
저는 **새로운** 차를 샀어요 = I bought a **new** car
그 병원은 **새로워요** = That hospital is <strong>new</strong> - 저는 **새로운** 차를 샀어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I bought a **new** car</span>
저는 **새로운** 차를 사고 싶어요 = I want to buy a **new** car - 그 병원은 **새로워요** = <span class="md spoiler">That hospital is <strong>new</strong></span>
저는 **새로운** 안경을 샀어요 = I bought **new** glasses - 저는 **새로운** 차를 사고 싶어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I want to buy a **new** car</span>
저는 **새로운** 바지를 사야 돼요 = I need to buy **new** pants - 저는 **새로운** 안경을 샀어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I bought **new** glasses</span>
우리 회사는 **새로운** 회사원을 찾고 있어요 = Our company is looking for **new** workers - 저는 **새로운** 바지를 사야 돼요 = <span class="md spoiler">I need to buy **new** pants</span>
**새로운** 핸드폰을 사고 전화번호를 바꿨어요 = After buying a **new** phone, I changed my phone number - 우리 회사는 **새로운** 회사원을 찾고 있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Our company is looking for **new** workers</span>
- **새로운** 핸드폰을 사고 전화번호를 바꿨어요 = <span class="md spoiler">After buying a **new** phone, I changed my phone number</span>
</Details> </Details>
낡다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-31.mp3" /> = to be old (not age) 낡다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-31.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be old (not age)</span>
<Details> <Details>
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “낙따” The pronunciation of this word is closer to “낙따”
Notes: This word is not used to describe a person, only an object. Instead, it describes that something is old/worn down. To describe a person you should use 늙다. To describe something that is old (but still nice, like a historical building), you should use 오래되다. Notes: This word is not used to describe a person, only an object. Instead, it describes that something is old/worn down. To describe a person you should use 늙다. To describe something that is old (but still nice, like a historical building), you should use <TTS>오래되다</TTS>.
Example: Example:
이 학교 건물은 매우 **낡아요** = This school’s building is very <strong>old</strong>
이 집은 너무 **낡아요** = This house is very **old** - 이 학교 건물은 매우 **낡아요** = <span class="md spoiler">This school’s building is very <strong>old</strong></span>
- 이 집은 너무 **낡아요** = <span class="md spoiler">This house is very **old**</span>
</Details> </Details>
비싸다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-32.mp3" /> = to be expensive 비싸다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-32.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be expensive</span>
<Details> <Details>
Example: Example:
이것은 너무 **비싸요** = This (thing) is too <strong>expensive</strong>
집 값은 **비싸지고** 있어 = House prices are getting **expensive** - 이것은 너무 **비싸요** = <span class="md spoiler">This (thing) is too <strong>expensive</strong></span>
- 집 값은 **비싸지고** 있어 = <span class="md spoiler">House prices are getting **expensive**</span>
</Details> </Details>
싸다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-33.mp3" /> = to not be expensive, to be cheap 싸다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-33.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to not be expensive, to be cheap</span>
<Details> <Details>
Example: Example:
이 가게는 **싼** 음식을 팔아요 = this store sells **cheap/inexpensive** food
- 이 가게는 **싼** 음식을 팔아요 = <span class="md spoiler">this store sells **cheap/inexpensive** food</span>
</Details> </Details>
아름답다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-34.mp3" /> = to be beautiful 아름답다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-34.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be beautiful</span>
<Details> <Details>
@@ -699,41 +732,45 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “아름답따”
아름답다 follows the ㅂ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information. 아름답다 follows the ㅂ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information.
Common Usages: Common Usages:
아름다운 여자 = beautiful girl
- <TTS>아름다운 여자</TTS> = <span class="md spoiler">beautiful girl</span>
Examples: Examples:
그 여자가 너무 **아름다워요** = That girl is very <strong>beautiful</strong>
그 선생님은 **아름다워요** = That teacher is <strong>beautiful</strong> - - 그 여자가 너무 **아름다워요** = <span class="md spoiler">That girl is very <strong>beautiful</strong></span>
저의 아내는 **아름답다** = My wife is <strong>beautiful</strong> - 그 선생님은 **아름다워요** = <span class="md spoiler">That teacher is <strong>beautiful</strong></span>
Lyrics from ‘강남스타일’: “**아름다워** 사랑스러워 그래 너 hey 그래 바로 너 hey” - 저의 아내는 **아름답다** = <span class="md spoiler">My wife is <strong>beautiful</strong></span>
- Lyrics from ‘강남스타일’: “**아름다워** 사랑스러워 그래 너 hey 그래 바로 너 hey”
</Details> </Details>
뚱뚱하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-35.mp3" /> = to be fat, to be chubby 뚱뚱하다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-35.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be fat, to be chubby</span>
<Details> <Details>
Example: Example:
그 사람은 너무 **뚱뚱해요** = That person is very <strong>fat</strong>
형은 아버지보다 더 **뚱뚱해요** = My older brother is **fatter** than my dad - 그 사람은 너무 **뚱뚱해요** = <span class="md spoiler">That person is very <strong>fat</strong></span>
- 형은 아버지보다 더 **뚱뚱해요** = <span class="md spoiler">My older brother is **fatter** than my dad</span>
</Details> </Details>
길다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-36.mp3" /> = to be long 길다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-36.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be long</span>
<Details> <Details>
길다 follows the ㄹ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information. 길다 follows the ㄹ irregular. See [Lesson 7](./07-irregulars.md) for more information.
Example: Example:
저 여자의 머리는 **길어요** = That girl’s hair is <strong>long</strong>
저의 손가락은 **길어요** = My finger is <strong>long</strong> - 저 여자의 머리는 **길어요** = <span class="md spoiler">That girl’s hair is <strong>long</strong></span>
줄이 왜 이렇게 **길어요**? = Why is the line so **big/long**? - 저의 손가락은 **길어요** = <span class="md spoiler">My finger is <strong>long</strong></span>
한국에서는 겨울 방학이 여름 방학보다 더 **길어요** = In Korea, winter vacation is **longer** than summer vacation - 줄이 왜 이렇게 **길어요**? = <span class="md spoiler">Why is the line so **big/long**?</span>
- 한국에서는 겨울 방학이 여름 방학보다 더 **길어요** = <span class="md spoiler">In Korea, winter vacation is **longer** than summer vacation</span>
</Details> </Details>
좋다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-37.mp3" /> = to be good 좋다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-37.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">to be good</span>
<Details> <Details>
@@ -742,55 +779,63 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “조타”
Notes: Although this translates to “good,” it is often used to say that one “likes” something. The grammar for this is taught in [Lesson 15](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-15/). Notes: Although this translates to “good,” it is often used to say that one “likes” something. The grammar for this is taught in [Lesson 15](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-15/).
Examples: Examples:
우리 학교는 매우 **좋아요** = Our school is very <strong>good</strong>
저는 우리 학교가 **좋아요** = I **like** our school - 우리 학교는 매우 **좋아요** = <span class="md spoiler">Our school is very <strong>good</strong></span>
그 선생님은 **좋아요** = that **teacher** is <strong>good</strong> - 저는 우리 학교가 **좋아요** = <span class="md spoiler">I **like** our school</span>
아무 때나 **좋아요** = Anytime is <strong>good</strong> - 그 선생님은 **좋아요** = <span class="md spoiler">that **teacher** is <strong>good</strong></span>
날씨가 **좋아서** 산책하는 것은 즐거워요 = It is pleasant to go to for a walk because the weather is so **good** - 아무 때나 **좋아요** = <span class="md spoiler">Anytime is <strong>good</strong></span>
- 날씨가 **좋아서** 산책하는 것은 즐거워요 = <span class="md spoiler">It is pleasant to go to for a walk because the weather is so **good**</span>
</Details> </Details>
### Adverbs ### Adverbs
아주 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-38.mp3" /> = very 아주 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-38.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">very</span>
<Details> <Details>
Example: Example:
날씨는 **아주** 더워요 = The weather is **very** hot
- 날씨는 **아주** 더워요 = <span class="md spoiler">The weather is **very** hot</span>
</Details> </Details>
매우 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-39.mp3" /> = very 매우 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-39.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">very</span>
<Details> <Details>
Example: Example:
이 음식은 **매우** 맛있어요 = This food is **very** delicious
저는 **매우** 빨리 달렸어요 = I ran **really** quickly - 이 음식은 **매우** 맛있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">This food is **very** delicious</span>
우리 집은 지금 **매우** 더러워요 = Our house is **really** dirty right now - 저는 **매우** 빨리 달렸어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I ran **really** quickly</span>
화학은 **매우** 흥미로워요 = Chemistry is **very** interesting - 우리 집은 지금 **매우** 더러워요 = <span class="md spoiler">Our house is **really** dirty right now</span>
그 가수는 한국에서 **매우** 유명해요 = That singer is **very** famous in Korea - 화학은 **매우** 흥미로워요 = <span class="md spoiler">Chemistry is **very** interesting</span>
그 그림은 **매우** 드물어요 = That painting is **really** rare - 그 가수는 한국에서 **매우** 유명해요 = <span class="md spoiler">That singer is **very** famous in Korea</span>
- 그 그림은 **매우** 드물어요 = <span class="md spoiler">That painting is **really** rare</span>
</Details> </Details>
너무 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-40.mp3" /> = too (often used to mean ‘very’) 너무 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-3-40.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">too (often used to mean ‘very’)</span>
<Details> <Details>
Notes: Though 너무 means “too,” it has gotten to the point in society where Korean people use “너무” to mean “very” as well (especially with the younger generation). Whereas “too” should indicate a negative meaning, 너무 can indicate both a positive and negative meaning. For example, saying “이것은 너무 맛있어요” would not translate to “this is _too_ delicious” but instead “this is _very/so_ delicious.” Notes:
Though 너무 means “too,” it has gotten to the point in society where Korean people use “너무” to mean “very” as well (especially with the younger generation). Whereas “too” should indicate a negative meaning, 너무 can indicate both a positive and negative meaning.
For example, saying “<TTS>이것은 너무 맛있어요</TTS>” would not translate to “this is _too_ delicious” but instead “this is _very/so_ delicious.”
Examples: Examples:
저는 가끔 **너무** 많이 먹어요 = I eat too much sometimes
저는 어제 **너무** 아팠어요 = I was really sick yesterday - 저는 가끔 **너무** 많이 먹어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I eat too much sometimes</span>
한식은 너무 맛있어요 = Korean food is **very** delicious - 저는 어제 **너무** 아팠어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I was really sick yesterday</span>
그 남자가 키가 **너무** 커요 = That man is **very** tall - 한식은 너무 맛있어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Korean food is **very** delicious</span>
이 길이 **너무** 좁아서 저는 못 들어가요 = I can’t go onto this road because it is **too** narrow - 그 남자가 키가 **너무** 커요 = <span class="md spoiler">That man is **very** tall</span>
제가 **너무** 부끄러워서 발표를 못해요 = I can’t do presentations (well) because I am **too** shy - 이 길이 **너무** 좁아서 저는 못 들어가요 = <span class="md spoiler">I can’t go onto this road because it is **too** narrow</span>
선생님은 우리를 **너무** 잘 가르치셨어요 = Our teacher taught us **really** well - 제가 **너무** 부끄러워서 발표를 못해요 = <span class="md spoiler">I can’t do presentations (well) because I am **too** shy</span>
왜 **너무** 빨리 먹었어요? = Why did you eat **so** fast? - 선생님은 우리를 **너무** 잘 가르치셨어요 = <span class="md spoiler">Our teacher taught us **really** well</span>
이 셔츠가 **너무** 작아서 못 입어요 = I can’t put this shirt on because it is **too** small - 왜 **너무** 빨리 먹었어요? = <span class="md spoiler">Why did you eat **so** fast?</span>
- 이 셔츠가 **너무** 작아서 못 입어요 = <span class="md spoiler">I can’t put this shirt on because it is **too** small</span>
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