From 8d5407767c622d59ed1e56dc3e4b8ecad6ad0333 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: polv Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 12:57:30 +0700 Subject: [PATCH] lesson 5 quiz --- docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/05-tenses.md | 959 ++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 804 insertions(+), 155 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/05-tenses.md b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/05-tenses.md index 1e84438..177e895 100644 --- a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/05-tenses.md +++ b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/05-tenses.md @@ -1,7 +1,656 @@ +--- +vocabulary: + nouns: + - ko: 동생 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-5-s1.mp3 + en: younger sibling + notes: | +

While technically this word means "younger sibling" Korean will refer to a close friend (who is younger than them) using this word. This often leads to dialogues like this:

+ +

To distinguish that somebody is actually related to you by blood, they use the word "친동생"

+ examples: + - ko: 저 사람은 저의 **동생**이에요 + en: That person is my **younger sibling** + - ko: "**동생**은 왜 울었어요?" + en: Why did your **brother/sister** cry? + + - ko: 남동생 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-5-s2.mp3 + en: younger brother + examples: + - ko: 저는 **남동생**보다 키가 더 커요 + en: I am taller than my **(younger) brother** + - ko: 나는 **남동생**보다 밥을 더 먹었어 + en: I ate more than my **(younger) brother** + - ko: "너의 **남동생**은 몇 살이야?" + en: How old is your **(younger) brother?** + - ko: 저의 게으른 **남동생**은 하루 종일 아무것도 안 해요 + en: My lazy **brother** doesn't do anything all day + - ko: 저는 2주 전에 **남동생**을 만났어요 + en: I met my **brother** 2 weeks ago + - ko: "**남동생**은 울었어요?" + en: Did your **brother** cry? + + - ko: 여동생 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-5-s3.mp3 + en: younger sister + examples: + - ko: 저의 **여동생**은 지난 주에 책 두 권을 읽었어요 + en: My **sister** read two books last week + - ko: 너의 **여동생**은 예뻐요 + en: Your **younger sister** is pretty + + - ko: 형 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-1.mp3 + en: older brother + notes: This word is only used if the younger person is also a man + examples: + - ko: 그 사람은 저의 **형**입니다 + en: That person is my **brother** + - ko: "**형**을 왜 때렸어요?" + en: Why did you hit your **brother**? + - ko: 저의 **형**은 똑똑한 남자입니다 + en: My **brother** is a smart man + + - ko: 오빠 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-2.mp3 + en: older brother + notes: This word is only used if the younger person is a female + examples: + - ko: 저는 공을 **오빠**한테 던졌어요 + en: I threw the ball to my **brother** + - ko: "**오빠**는 바닥에 앉아서 점심을 먹었어요" + en: My **brother** ate lunch sitting on the floor + - ko: "**오빠**는 밤 늦게 밥을 먹는 것을 좋아해요" + en: My **brother** likes eating food late at night + - ko: "**오빤** (**오빠**는) 강남스타일" + en: "**older brother** (I am) is Gangnam style" + + - ko: 누나 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-3.mp3 + en: older sister + notes: This word is only used if the younger person is a male + examples: + - ko: 저의 **누나**는 대학생이에요 + en: My **older sister** is a University student + - ko: 저는 저의 **누나**를 불렀어요 + en: I called my **sister** + - ko: 이 사람은 저의 **누나**예요 + en: This (person) is my **sister** + - ko: 저는 저의 **누나**한테 돈만 줄 거예요 + en: To my **older sister**, I'll just give money + - ko: 저의 **누나**는 충동적인 여자예요 + en: My **older sister** is an impulsive girl + + - ko: 언니 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-4.mp3 + en: older sister + notes: This word is only used if the younger person is a female + examples: + - ko: 저는 **언니**랑 밥을 먹었어요 + en: I ate with my **sister** + + - ko: 삼촌 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-5.mp3 + en: uncle + notes: Korean people often pronounce this word as "삼춘" + examples: + - ko: 저의 **삼촌**은 선생님이에요 + en: My **uncle** is a teacher + + - ko: 이모 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-6.mp3 + en: aunt (on mother's side) + notes: This word is only used to refer to the sister(s) of one's mother + examples: + - ko: 우리 엄마는 **이모**와 닮았어요 + en: My mom looks like our **aunt** + + - ko: 고모 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-7.mp3 + en: aunt (on father's side) + notes: This word is only used to refer to the sister(s) of one's father + examples: + - ko: 우리 아버지는 **고모**와 살고 있어요 + en: Our father lives with our **aunt** + + - ko: 아저씨 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-8.mp3 + en: older man not related to you + notes: | +

This word is used to refer to an older man whom you don't know. More broadly, it can be applied to the position that men have, for example "버스 아저씨" for "bus driver" or "택시 아저씨" for "taxi driver."

+ examples: + - ko: "**아저씨**! 앉으세요!" + en: "**Sir**, please sit down" + - ko: "**아저씨**! 맥주 두 잔 주세요!" + en: "**Sir**! Two glasses of beer, please!" + + - ko: 아주머니 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-9.mp3 + en: older woman not related to you + examples: + - ko: "**아주머니**! 소주 두 병 주세요!" + en: "**Miss**! Two bottles of soju please!" + - ko: 동대문시장에서 **아주머니**가 많아요 + en: There are a lot of **older women** in Dongdaemun market + + - ko: 할아버지 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-10.mp3 + en: grandfather + notes: | +

The pronunciation of this word is closer to "하라버지"

+

You can use this word to refer to anybody who looks the age of a grandfather, not just your own grandfather.

+ examples: + - ko: 우리 **할아버지**는 한국전쟁에서 싸웠어요 + en: Our **grandfather** fought in the Korean war + - ko: "**할아버지**와 **할아버지** 친구는 옛날 이야기를 나눴어요" + en: "**Grandpa** and his friend shared old stories (with each other)" + - ko: 아들은 **할아버지**께 선물을 줬어요 + en: The son gave a present to his **grandfather** + - ko: 그 **할아버지**는 주름이 하나도 없어요 + en: That **grandfather** doesn't even have one wrinkle + - ko: "**할아버지**께 선물을 드리고 싶어요" + en: I want to give my **grandfather** a present + - ko: "**할아버지**가 여기에 계신지 몰랐어요" + en: I didn't know you were here, **grandpa** + - ko: "**할아버**지는 우리 아들에게 돈을 주었어요" + en: "**Grandpa** gave money to our son" + - ko: 우리 **할아버지**가 죽어서 저는 너무 슬퍼요 + en: I am very sad because my **grandfather** died + + - ko: 할머니 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-11.mp3 + en: grandmother + notes: You can use this word to refer to anybody who looks the age of a grandmother, not just your own grandmother. + examples: + - ko: 저의 **할머니**는 요리를 너무 잘해요 + en: My **grandmother** cooks very well + - ko: 저의 **할머니**가 여기에 자주 안 오셔요 + en: My **grandmother** doesn't come here often + - ko: 저는 **할머니**를 위해 식사를 준비했어요 + en: I prepared a meal for **grandmother** + - ko: "**할머니**는 어제 아파서 입원했어요" + en: "**Grandma** checked into the hospital yesterday because she was sick" + + - ko: 친구 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-12.mp3 + en: friend + examples: + - ko: 저는 어제 **친구**를 만났어요 + en: I met a **friend** yesterday + - ko: 저는 저의 **친구**를 자주 만나요 + en: I meet my **friend** often + - ko: 저는 **친구**랑 같이 있어요 + en: I'm with my **friend** + - ko: 저는 저의 **친구**에게 돈을 줬어요 + en: I gave my **friend** money + - ko: 저는 **친구**와 집에 갔어요 + en: I went home with my **friend** + - ko: 저는 그것을 **친구**한테서 들었어요 + en: I heard that from my **friend** + - ko: 저의 **친구**는 저 쪽으로 갔어요 + en: My **friend** went that way + - ko: 저는 **친구**와 비슷해요 + en: I am similar to my **friend** + - ko: 저의 **친구**는 (여기) 근처에 살아요 + en: My **friend** lives close (to here) + + - ko: 사진 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-13.mp3 + en: picture + notes: The word "그림" is used to refer to a picture that somebody painted. + examples: + - ko: 여행했을 때 **사진**을 많이 찍었어요 + en: When I travelled, I took a lot of **pictures** + - ko: "이 **사진** 어때?" + en: How about this **picture**? + - ko: 이것은 나쁜 **사진**입니다 + en: This is a bad **picture** + - ko: 저의 **사진**은 침대 위에 걸려 있어요 + en: My **picture** is hanging above my bed + - ko: 저는 **사진**을 하나도 안 찍었어요 + en: I didn't even take one **picture** + - ko: 저는 **사진**을 벽에 걸었어요 + en: I hung a **picture** on a wall + + - ko: 안경 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-14.mp3 + en: glasses + examples: + - ko: 저는 새로운 **안경**을 샀어요 + en: I bought new **glasses** + + - ko: 비밀 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-15.mp3 + en: secret + examples: + - ko: 그것이 **비밀**이라서 말하지 마세요 + en: Don't say anything because it is a **secret**! + - ko: 그것은 큰 **비밀**이었어요 + en: That was a big **secret** + - ko: 그의 과거는 큰 **비밀**이에요 + en: His past is a big **secret** + + - ko: 비 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-16.mp3 + en: rain + examples: + - ko: 어제 **비**가 많이 왔어요 + en: Yesterday it **rained** a lot + - ko: "**비**가 아직 와요" + en: It is still **raining** + - ko: "**비**가 왔어요?" + en: Is it **raining**? + - ko: 내일 **비**가 올지 모르겠어요 + en: I don't know if it will **rain** tomorrow + + - ko: 가게 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-17.mp3 + en: store/shop + examples: + - ko: 저는 **가게**에서 사과를 샀어요 + en: I bought apples at the **store** + - ko: 저는 이 **가게**에서 잠깐 구경하고 싶어요 + en: I want to look around for a bit in this **store** + - ko: 이 **가게**는 싼 음식을 팔아요 + en: this **store** sells cheap/inexpensive food + - ko: 그 **가게**에 18세 미만은 못 들어가요 + en: Those under 18 years of age can't enter that **store** + + - ko: 박물관 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-18.mp3 + en: museum + notes: The pronunciation of this word is closer to "방물관" + examples: + - ko: 그 **박물관**은 특별해요 + en: That **museum** is special + - ko: 저는 **박물관**에 다음 번에 갈 거예요 + en: I will go to the **museum** next time + - ko: 병원은 **박물관** 뒤에 있어요 + en: The hospital is behind the **museum** + - ko: 선생님은 학생들과 **박물관**에 갔다 + en: The teacher went to the **museum** with the students + + - ko: 가스 레인지 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-19.mp3 + en: stove (gas range) + notes: Literally the English pronunciation of "gas range" in Korean. + examples: + - ko: 이 집은 **가스 레인지**가 없어요 + en: This house doesn't have a **stove** + + - ko: 오리 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-20.mp3 + en: duck (animal) + examples: + - ko: 우리는 급식으로 **오리**고기를 먹었어요 + en: We had **duck** for the school lunch + + - ko: 꼬리 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-21.mp3 + en: tail + examples: + - ko: 그 강아지의 **꼬리**는 아주 귀여워요 + en: That puppy's **tail** is very cute + + - ko: 공 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson18v18.mp3 + en: ball + examples: + - ko: 야구선수는 **공**을 세게 던졌어요 + en: The baseball player threw the **ball** hard + + verbs: + - ko: 기대하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-23.mp3 + en: to expect + notes: | +

The noun form of this word translates to "expectation"

+

The passive version of this word (기대되다) is commonly used to say that one is excited for something to happen. For more information on passive verbs, see Lesson 14.

+ examples: + - ko: 선생님이 3시에 올 것을 **기대했어요** + en: I **expected** the teacher to come at 3:00 + + - ko: 건너다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-24.mp3 + en: to cross (a road/etc) + examples: + - ko: 빨리 **건너자**! + en: Quick! Let's **cross**! + - ko: 저는 거리를 안전하게 **건넜어요** + en: I **crossed** the street safely + + - ko: 던지다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-25.mp3 + en: to throw + notes: | +

This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video #1.

+

+ examples: + - ko: 수업시간 동안 종이를 **던지**지 마세요 + en: During class, don't **throw** paper please + - ko: 야구선수는 공을 세게 **던졌어요** + en: The baseball player **threw** the ball hard + + - ko: 싫어하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-27.mp3 + en: to not like + notes: | +

The pronunciation of this word is closer to "시러하다"

+

싫다 is an adjective that means "not good." 싫어하다 is a verb. Therefore, ~을/를 should be attached to the object in the sentence that one does not like.

+ examples: + - ko: 저는 그 사람을 **싫어해요** + en: I **don't like** that person + - ko: 저는 과일을 **싫어해요** + en: I **dislike** fruit + - ko: 처음에 그 여자를 **싫어했어요** + en: I **didn't like** that girl at first + - ko: 그들은 저를 처음부터 **싫어했어요** + en: They **didn't like** me from the start + - ko: 저는 사람들이 지하철을 급히 타는 것을 **싫어해요** + en: I **don't like** people getting on the subway in a rush + - ko: 제가 그 여자를 **싫어해**도 그녀를 위해 선물을 사야 되었어요 + en: Regardless of how much I **dislike** that girl, I still had to buy her a present + + - ko: 떠나다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-28.mp3 + en: to leave somewhere + notes: | +

This word is usually only used if you are leaving something forever or for a very long time. If you want to say that you left your house (and are returning), you should use the words "출발하다" (to depart) or "나가다" (to go out).

+ examples: + - ko: "한국은 언제 **떠났어요**?" + en: When did you **leave** Korea? + - ko: 아버지가 벌써 **떠났다**는 것을 몰랐어요 + en: I didn't know (the fact) that dad already **left** + + - ko: 농담하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-29.mp3 + en: to joke + notes: The noun form of this word translates to "a joke" + examples: + - ko: 나의 남자친구는 나에게 **농담**을 많이 해 + en: My boyfriend tells me a lot of **jokes** + + - ko: 공부하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/vLesson-7-14.mp3 + en: to study + examples: + - ko: 저는 한국어를 4년 동안 **공부했어요** + en: I **studied** Korean for 4 years + - ko: 저는 저녁에 **공부했어요** + en: I **studied** in the evening + - ko: 여름에 저는 **공부하겠어요** + en: I will **study** in the summer + - ko: 저는 30분 동안 **공부했어요** + en: I **studied** for 30 minutes + - ko: 저는 내일부터 한국어를 **공부할** **거예요** + en: I'm going to **study** Korean from tomorrow + - ko: 저는 아침부터 밤까지 **공부**만 **했어요** + en: From morning to night I only **studied** + + adjectives: + - ko: 지루하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-30.mp3 + en: to be boring + notes: | +

In English we use similar words to describe that one is bored, and that something is boring. However, in Korean, these are separate words. If you are bored, you can use "심심하다." If something is boring (and thus, making you bored), you can use "지루하다"

+ examples: + - ko: 수업은 매우 **지루해요** + en: Class is so **boring** + + - ko: 마르다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-31.mp3 + en: for a person to be too thin + notes: | +

마르다 follows the 르 Irregular. See Lesson 7 for more information.

+

This is usually used in a negative way.

+

If you are telling somebody that they look (too) thin, this is usually used in the past tense. For example: 형! 너무 말랐어! = (Brother!) You look so thin!

+ examples: + - ko: 보통 모델들은 **말라요** + en: Models are usually **thin** + + - ko: 멀다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-33.mp3 + en: to be far away + notes: 멀다 follows the ㄹ Irregular. See Lesson 7 for more information. + examples: + - ko: 우리 집은 너무 **멀어요** + en: Our home is very **far** + - ko: 저는 먼 병원에 갔어요 + en: I went to a **far away** hospital (a hospital that is **far away**) + + - ko: 마르다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-31.mp3 + en: to be dry + notes: | +

마르다 follows the 르 Irregular. See Lesson 7 for more information.

+

Most commonly used as "목 마르다" (literally: dry throat) to indicate that one is thirsty.

+ examples: + - ko: 그 강은 완전히 **말랐어요** + en: That river has completely **dried** up + + - ko: 비슷하다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-35.mp3 + en: to be similar + notes: The pronunciation of this word is closer to "비스타다" + examples: + - ko: 저와 저의 아버지는 너무 **비슷해요** + en: My father and I are very **similar** + - ko: 저는 친구와 비슷해요 + en: I am **similar** to my friend + + - ko: 싫다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-36.mp3 + en: to not be good + notes: | +

The pronunciation of this word is closer to "실타"

+

싫다 can be used to say "one does not like" by attaching ~이/가 to an object. For more information, see Lesson 15.

+ examples: + - ko: 저는 그 사람이 **싫어요** + en: I **don't like** that person + - ko: 학교가 **싫어요** + en: I **don't like** school + - ko: 맥주가 **싫어요** + en: I **don't like** beer + + - ko: 오래되다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-32.mp3 + en: for an object to be old + notes: | +

Like 낡다, 오래되다 can only be used to describe objects – but 낡다 implies that the object in question is also damaged/rugged in some form. Using 오래되다 simply implies that it has been a long time since something was built/released/bought, etc...

+ examples: + - ko: 저는 저의 **오래된** 핸드폰을 팔았어요 + en: I sold my **old** phone + - ko: 그 식당이 **오래되었다** + en: That restaurant is **old** + - ko: 우리는 **오래된** 집에 갔다 + en: We went to the **old** house + - ko: 한국문화는 **오래됐**고 흥미로워요 + en: Korean culture is **long/old** and interesting + - ko: 오늘 새로운 복사기가 올 거라서 이 **오래된** 것을 버려야 돼요 + en: The new photocopier will come today, so we have to throw out this **old** one + + - ko: 배고프다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Lesson27v45.mp3 + en: to be hungry + notes: This is sometimes as "배가 고프다" + examples: + - ko: 나는 별로 **배고프지 않아** + en: I'm not really **hungry** + - ko: 저는 먹고 싶지만 **배고프지 않아요** + en: Even though I want to eat, I am not **hungry** + - ko: 밥을 안 먹으면 **배고플 거야** + en: If you don't eat, you will be **hungry** + + adverbs: + - ko: 오늘 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-37.mp3 + en: today + notes: ~에 is typically not attached to 오늘 as it can be assumed + examples: + - ko: 저는 **오늘**에 시험을 봐 야 돼요 + en: I need to write an exam **today** + - ko: 저는 **오늘** 두 번 운동할 것입니다 + en: I will exercise twice (two times) **today** + - ko: 저는 **오늘** 아침식사를 못 먹었어요 + en: I didn't eat breakfast **today** + - ko: "**오늘** 날씨가 너무 더워요" + en: "**Today** the weather is too hot" + - ko: 어제 운동을 해서 **오늘** 저의 팔이 아파요 + en: My arms are sore **today** because I exercised yesterday + - ko: 저는 **오늘** 네 개의 수업을 가르쳤어요 + en: I taught four classes **today** + - ko: 이 수업은 **오늘** 저의 열 번째 수업입니다 + en: This is my tenth class **today** + - ko: 저는 **오늘** 오후에 낮잠을 잤어요 + en: I took a nap in the afternoon **today** + + - ko: 어제 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-45.mp3 + en: yesterday + notes: ~에 is typically not attached to 어제 as it can be assumed + examples: + - ko: 저는 **어제** 학교에 못 갔어요 + en: I couldn't go to school **yesterday** + - ko: 저는 **어제**부터 아팠어요 + en: I have been sick since (from) **yesterday** + - ko: 그 건물은 **어제**와 달라요 + en: That building is different from **yesterday** + - ko: 나는 **어제** 친구 다섯 명을 만났어 + en: I met five friends **yesterday** + - ko: 저는 **어제** 선생님을 처음 만났어요 + en: I met my teacher for the first time **yesterday** + - ko: 저는 **어제** 한 시간 동안 야구를 했어요 + en: I played baseball for an hour **yesterday** + - ko: 저는 **어제** 여자친구랑 이야기했어요 + en: I talked with my girlfriend **yesterday** + - ko: 저는 **어제** 학교에 세 번 갔어요 + en: I went to school three times **yesterday** + + - ko: 내일 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-46.mp3 + en: tomorrow + notes: ~에 is typically not attached to 내일 as it can be assumed + examples: + - ko: 저는 **내일** 공원에 갈 거예요 + en: I am going to the park **tomorrow** + - ko: "**내일** 뭐 하고 싶어요?" + en: What do you want to do **tomorrow**? + - ko: 선생님은 **내일** 학생들을 만날 거예요 + en: The teacher will meet the students **tomorrow** + - ko: 저는 **내일** 사람 두 명 더 만날 거예요 + en: I will meet two more people **tomorrow** + - ko: "**내일** 학교에 갈 것입니까?" + en: Are you going to school **tomorrow**? + - ko: "너는 **내일** 누구(를) 만날 거야?" + en: Who will you meet **tomorrow**? + - ko: 저는 **내일**부터 건강한 음식만 먹을 거예요 + en: From **tomorrow**, I am going to eat only healthy food + + - ko: 모레 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-47.mp3 + en: the day after tomorrow + notes: | +

Often said as "내일모레"

+

This word is commonly misspelled as "모래" (which actually means "sand")

+ examples: + - ko: 학교가 **모레** 닫혀 있을 거예요 + en: The school will be closed **two days from now** + + - ko: 년 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-48.mp3 + en: year + notes: This word is more commonly used in compilation with other words rather than by itself. + examples: + - ko: 저는 작**년**에 한국에 갔어요 + en: I went to Korea last **year** + - ko: 저는 5**년** 이내에 외국어를 다섯 개 배우고 싶어요 + en: I want to learn 5 languages within five **years** + - ko: 우리는 1**년** 안에 결혼할 거예요 + en: We will get married within one **year** + - ko: 제가 한국에서 산 지 1**년** 됐어요 + en: I have been living in Korea for a **year** + - ko: 그 선생님은 영어를 가르친 지 20 **년** 됐어요 + en: That teacher has been teaching English for 20 **years** + - ko: 저는 7**년** 동안 한국에서 살았어요 + en: I lived in Korea for seven **years** + - ko: 저는 내**년**에 한국에 갈 거예요 + en: I will go to Korea next **year** + + - ko: 일 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-49.mp3 + en: day + notes: | +

When talking about a day, "날" should be used. For more information, see Lesson 11.

+ examples: + - ko: 저는 토요**일**에 학교에 안 가요 + en: I don't go to school on Satur**day** + - ko: 저는 3**일** 동안 학교에 안 갔어요 + en: I didn't go to school for 3 **days** + + - ko: 시간 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-50.mp3 + en: time + notes: | +

You can use this word to indicate that something was done for a certain amount of hours. In addition, it can mean "time" as in "last time" or "this time." For more information, visit Lesson 11.

+

This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video #1.

+

+ examples: + - ko: 저는 두 **시간** 동안 공부했어요 + en: I studied for two **hours** + - ko: 저는 세 **시간** 동안 잤어요 + en: I slept for three **hours** + - ko: 저는 어제 두 **시간** 동안 TV를 봤어요 + en: I watched TV for two **hours** yesterday + - ko: 우리는 다음 **시간**에 더 배울 거예요 + en: We will learn more next **time** + - ko: "**시간**이 있으시면 술을 마시러 술집에 갑시다" + en: If you have **time**, let's go to a bar to drink alcohol! + - ko: 저는 그것을 지난 **시간**에 배웠어요 + en: I learned that (thing) last **time** + - ko: 수업**시간** 동안 종이를 던지지 마세요 + en: During class (**time**), don't throw paper please + + days_of_the_week: + - ko: 월요일 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-38.mp3 + en: Monday + + - ko: 화요일 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-39.mp3 + en: Tuesday + + - ko: 수요일 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-40.mp3 + en: Wednesday + + - ko: 목요일 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-41.mp3 + en: Thursday + + - ko: 금요일 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-42.mp3 + en: Friday + + - ko: 토요일 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-43.mp3 + en: Saturday + + - ko: 일요일 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/wLesson-5-44.mp3 + en: Sunday +--- + # Lesson 5: Conjugation: Past, Present, Future ## Vocabulary + + ### Nouns 동생 = younger sibling @@ -26,8 +675,8 @@ To distinguish that somebody is actually related to you by blood, they use the w Examples: -- 저 사람은 저의 **동생**이에요 = That person is my **younger sibling** -- **동생**은 왜 울었어요? = Why did your **brother/sister** cry? +- ⁠저 사람은 저의 **동생**이에요 = That person is my **younger sibling** +- ⁠**동생**은 왜 울었어요? = Why did your **brother/sister** cry? @@ -37,12 +686,12 @@ Examples: Examples: -- 저는 **남동생**보다 키가 더 커요 = I am taller than my (younger) brother -- 나는 **남동생**보다 밥을 더 먹었어 = I ate more than my (younger) brother -- 너의 **남동생**은 몇 살이야? = How old is your (younger) brother? -- 저의 게으른 **남동생**은 하루 종일 아무것도 안 해요 = My lazy **brother** doesn’t do anything all day -- 저는 2주 전에 **남동생**을 만났어요 = I met my **brother** 2 weeks ago -- **남동생**은 울었어요? = Did your **brother** cry? +- ⁠저는 **남동생**보다 키가 더 커요 = I am taller than my **(younger) brother** +- ⁠나는 **남동생**보다 밥을 더 먹었어 = I ate more than my **(younger) brother** +- ⁠너의 **남동생**은 몇 살이야? = How old is your **(younger) brother?** +- ⁠저의 게으른 **남동생**은 하루 종일 아무것도 안 해요 = My lazy **brother** doesn’t do anything all day +- ⁠저는 2주 전에 **남동생**을 만났어요 = I met my **brother** 2 weeks ago +- ⁠**남동생**은 울었어요? = Did your **brother** cry? @@ -52,8 +701,8 @@ Examples: Examples: -- 저의 **여동생**은 지난 주에 책 두 권을 읽었어요 = My **sister** read two books last week -- 너의 **여동생**은 예뻐요 = Your **younger sister** is pretty +- ⁠저의 **여동생**은 지난 주에 책 두 권을 읽었어요 = My **sister** read two books last week +- ⁠너의 **여동생**은 예뻐요 = Your **younger sister** is pretty @@ -71,9 +720,9 @@ Common Usages: Examples: -- 그 사람은 저의 **형**입니다 = That person is my **brother** -- **형**을 왜 때렸어요? = Why did you hit your **brother**? -- 저의 **형**은 똑똑한 남자입니다 = My **brother** is a smart man +- ⁠그 사람은 저의 **형**입니다 = That person is my **brother** +- ⁠**형**을 왜 때렸어요? = Why did you hit your **brother**? +- ⁠저의 **형**은 똑똑한 남자입니다 = My **brother** is a smart man @@ -87,10 +736,10 @@ This word is only used if the younger person is a female Example: -- 저는 공을 **오빠**한테 던졌어요 = I threw the ball to my **brother** -- **오빠**는 바닥에 앉아서 점심을 먹었어요 = My **brother** ate lunch sitting on the floor -- **오빠**는 밤 늦게 밥을 먹는 것을 좋아해요 = My **brother** likes eating food late at night -- **오빤** (**오빠**는) 강남스타일 = **older brother** (I am) is Gangnam style +- ⁠저는 공을 **오빠**한테 던졌어요 = I threw the ball to my **brother** +- ⁠**오빠**는 바닥에 앉아서 점심을 먹었어요 = My **brother** ate lunch sitting on the floor +- ⁠**오빠**는 밤 늦게 밥을 먹는 것을 좋아해요 = My **brother** likes eating food late at night +- ⁠**오빤** (**오빠**는) 강남스타일 = **older brother** (I am) is Gangnam style @@ -104,11 +753,11 @@ This word is only used if the younger person is a male Examples: -- 저의 **누나**는 대학생이에요 = My **older** **sister** is a University student -- 저는 저의 **누나**를 불렀어요 = I called my sister -- 이 사람은 저의 **누나**예요 = This (person) is my sister -- 저는 저의 **누나**한테 돈만 줄 거예요 = To my **older sister**, I’ll just give money -- 저의 **누나**는 충동적인 여자예요 = My older **sister** is an impulsive girl +- ⁠저의 **누나**는 대학생이에요 = My **older sister** is a University student +- ⁠저는 저의 **누나**를 불렀어요 = I called my **sister** +- ⁠이 사람은 저의 **누나**예요 = This (person) is my **sister** +- ⁠저는 저의 **누나**한테 돈만 줄 거예요 = To my **older sister**, I’ll just give money +- ⁠저의 **누나**는 충동적인 여자예요 = My **older sister** is an impulsive girl @@ -122,7 +771,7 @@ This word is only used if the younger person is a female Example: -- 저는 **언니**랑 밥을 먹었어요 = I ate with my **sister** +- ⁠저는 **언니**랑 밥을 먹었어요 = I ate with my **sister** @@ -136,7 +785,7 @@ Korean people often pronounce this word as “삼춘” Example: -- 저의 **삼촌**은 선생님이에요 = My **uncle** is a teacher +- ⁠저의 **삼촌**은 선생님이에요 = My **uncle** is a teacher @@ -156,7 +805,7 @@ Common Usages: Example: -- 우리 엄마는 **이모**와 닮았어요 = My mom looks like our **aunt** +- ⁠우리 엄마는 **이모**와 닮았어요 = My mom looks like our **aunt** @@ -170,7 +819,7 @@ This word is only used to refer to the sister(s) of one’s father Example: -- 우리 아버지는 **고모**와 살고 있어요 = Our father lives with our **aunt** +- ⁠우리 아버지는 **고모**와 살고 있어요 = Our father lives with our **aunt** @@ -184,8 +833,8 @@ This word is used to refer to an older man whom you don’t know. More broadly, Example: -- **아저씨**! 앉으세요! = **Sir**, please sit down -- **아저씨**! 맥주 두 잔 주세요! = **Sir**! Two glasses of beer, please! +- ⁠**아저씨**! 앉으세요! = **Sir**, please sit down +- ⁠**아저씨**! 맥주 두 잔 주세요! = **Sir**! Two glasses of beer, please! @@ -195,8 +844,8 @@ Example: Example: -- **아주머니**! 소주 두 병 주세요! = **Miss**! Two bottles of soju please! -- 동대문시장에서 아주머니가 많아요 = There are a lot of older women in Dongdaemun market +- ⁠**아주머니**! 소주 두 병 주세요! = **Miss**! Two bottles of soju please! +- ⁠동대문시장에서 **아주머니**가 많아요 = There are a lot of **older women** in Dongdaemun market @@ -216,14 +865,14 @@ You can use this word to refer to anybody who looks the age of a grandfather, no Example: -- 우리 **할아버지**는 한국전쟁에서 싸웠어요 = Our **grandfather** fought in the Korean war -- **할아버지**와 **할아버지** 친구는 옛날 이야기를 나눴어요 = **Grandpa** and his friend shared old stories (with each other) -- 아들은 **할아버지**께 선물을 줬어요 = The son gave a present to his grandfather -- 그 **할아버지**는 주름이 하나도 없어요 = That **grandfather** doesn’t even have one wrinkle -- **할아버지**께 선물을 드리고 싶어요 = I want to give my **grandfather** a present -- **할아버지**가 여기에 계신지 몰랐어요 = I didn’t know you were here, **grandpa** -- **할아버**지는 우리 아들에게 돈을 주었어요 = **Grandpa** gave money to our son -- 우리 **할아버지**가 죽어서 저는 너무 슬퍼요 = I am very sad because my **grandfather** died +- ⁠우리 **할아버지**는 한국전쟁에서 싸웠어요 = Our **grandfather** fought in the Korean war +- ⁠**할아버지**와 **할아버지** 친구는 옛날 이야기를 나눴어요 = **Grandpa** and his friend shared old stories (with each other) +- ⁠아들은 **할아버지**께 선물을 줬어요 = The son gave a present to his **grandfather** +- ⁠그 **할아버지**는 주름이 하나도 없어요 = That **grandfather** doesn’t even have one wrinkle +- ⁠**할아버지**께 선물을 드리고 싶어요 = I want to give my **grandfather** a present +- ⁠**할아버지**가 여기에 계신지 몰랐어요 = I didn’t know you were here, **grandpa** +- ⁠**할아버**지는 우리 아들에게 돈을 주었어요 = **Grandpa** gave money to our son +- ⁠우리 **할아버지**가 죽어서 저는 너무 슬퍼요 = I am very sad because my **grandfather** died @@ -237,10 +886,10 @@ You can use this word to refer to anybody who looks the age of a grandmother, no Example: -- 저의 **할머니**는 요리를 너무 잘해요 = My **grandmother** cooks very well -- 저의 **할머니**가 여기에 자주 안 오셔요 = My **grandmother** doesn’t come here often -- 저는 **할머니**를 위해 식사를 준비했어요 = I prepared a meal for **grandmother** -- **할머니**는 어제 아파서 입원했어요 = **Grandma** checked into the hospital yesterday because she was sick +- ⁠저의 **할머니**는 요리를 너무 잘해요 = My **grandmother** cooks very well +- ⁠저의 **할머니**가 여기에 자주 안 오셔요 = My **grandmother** doesn’t come here often +- ⁠저는 **할머니**를 위해 식사를 준비했어요 = I prepared a meal for **grandmother** +- ⁠**할머니**는 어제 아파서 입원했어요 = **Grandma** checked into the hospital yesterday because she was sick @@ -256,15 +905,15 @@ Common Usages: Example: -- 저는 어제 **친구**를 만났어요 = I met a **friend** yesterday -- 저는 저의 **친구**를 자주 만나요 = I meet my **friend** often -- 저는 **친구**랑 같이 있어요 = I’m with my friend -- 저는 저의 **친구**에게 돈을 줬어요 = I gave my **friend** money -- 저는 **친구**와 집에 갔어요 = I went home with my friend -- 저는 그것을 **친구**한테서 들었어요 = I heard that from my friend -- 저의 **친구**는 저 쪽으로 갔어요 = My **friend** went that way -- 저는 **친구**와 비슷해요 = I am similar to my friend -- 저의 **친구**는 (여기) 근처에 살아요 = My **friend** lives close (to here) +- ⁠저는 어제 **친구**를 만났어요 = I met a **friend** yesterday +- ⁠저는 저의 **친구**를 자주 만나요 = I meet my **friend** often +- ⁠저는 **친구**랑 같이 있어요 = I’m with my **friend** +- ⁠저는 저의 **친구**에게 돈을 줬어요 = I gave my **friend** money +- ⁠저는 **친구**와 집에 갔어요 = I went home with my **friend** +- ⁠저는 그것을 **친구**한테서 들었어요 = I heard that from my **friend** +- ⁠저의 **친구**는 저 쪽으로 갔어요 = My **friend** went that way +- ⁠저는 **친구**와 비슷해요 = I am similar to my **friend** +- ⁠저의 **친구**는 (여기) 근처에 살아요 = My **friend** lives close (to here) @@ -283,12 +932,12 @@ The word “그림” is used to refer to a picture that somebody pai Example: -- 여행했을 때 **사진**을 많이 찍었어요 = When I travelled, I took a lot of pictures -- 이 **사진** 어때? = How about this **picture**? -- 이것은 나쁜 **사진**입니다 = This is a bad picture -- 저의 **사진**은 침대 위에 걸려 있어요 = My **picture** is hanging above my bed -- 저는 **사진**을 하나도 안 찍었어요 = I didn’t even take one picture -- 저는 **사진**을 벽에 걸었어요 = I hung a **picture** on a wall +- ⁠여행했을 때 **사진**을 많이 찍었어요 = When I travelled, I took a lot of **pictures** +- ⁠이 **사진** 어때? = How about this **picture**? +- ⁠이것은 나쁜 **사진**입니다 = This is a bad **picture** +- ⁠저의 **사진**은 침대 위에 걸려 있어요 = My **picture** is hanging above my bed +- ⁠저는 **사진**을 하나도 안 찍었어요 = I didn’t even take one **picture** +- ⁠저는 **사진**을 벽에 걸었어요 = I hung a **picture** on a wall @@ -302,7 +951,7 @@ Common Usages: Example: -- 저는 새로운 **안경**을 샀어요 = I bought new **glasses** +- ⁠저는 새로운 **안경**을 샀어요 = I bought new **glasses** @@ -317,9 +966,9 @@ Common Usages: Examples: -- 그것이 **비밀**이라서 말하지 마세요 = Don’t say anything because it is a **secret**! -- 그것은 큰 **비밀**이었어요 = That was a big secret -- 그의 과거는 큰 **비밀**이에요 = His past is a big **secret** +- ⁠그것이 **비밀**이라서 말하지 마세요 = Don’t say anything because it is a **secret**! +- ⁠그것은 큰 **비밀**이었어요 = That was a big **secret** +- ⁠그의 과거는 큰 **비밀**이에요 = His past is a big **secret** @@ -335,10 +984,10 @@ Common Usages: Example: -- 어제 **비**가 많이 왔어요 = Yesterday it **rained** a lot -- **비**가 아직 와요 = It is still **raining** -- **비**가 왔어요? = Is it **raining**? -- 내일 **비**가 올지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know if it will **rain** tomorrow +- ⁠어제 **비**가 많이 왔어요 = Yesterday it **rained** a lot +- ⁠**비**가 아직 와요 = It is still **raining** +- ⁠**비**가 왔어요? = Is it **raining**? +- ⁠내일 **비**가 올지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know if it will **rain** tomorrow @@ -348,10 +997,10 @@ Example: Example: -- 저는 **가게**에서 사과를 샀어요 = I bought apples at the store -- 저는 이 **가게**에서 잠깐 구경하고 싶어요 = I want to look around for a bit in this store -- 이 **가게**는 싼 음식을 팔아요 = this **store** sells cheap/inexpensive food -- 그 **가게**에 18세 미만은 못 들어가요 = Those under 18 years of age can’t enter that **store** +- ⁠저는 **가게**에서 사과를 샀어요 = I bought apples at the **store** +- ⁠저는 이 **가게**에서 잠깐 구경하고 싶어요 = I want to look around for a bit in this **store** +- ⁠이 **가게**는 싼 음식을 팔아요 = this **store** sells cheap/inexpensive food +- ⁠그 **가게**에 18세 미만은 못 들어가요 = Those under 18 years of age can’t enter that **store** @@ -363,10 +1012,10 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “방물관” Examples: -- 그 **박물관**은 특별해요 = That **museum** is special -- 저는 **박물관**에 다음 번에 갈 거예요 = I will go to the **museum** next time -- 병원은 **박물관** 뒤에 있어요 = The hospital is behind the museum -- 선생님은 학생들과 **박물관**에 갔다 = The teacher went to the **museum** with the students +- ⁠그 **박물관**은 특별해요 = That **museum** is special +- ⁠저는 **박물관**에 다음 번에 갈 거예요 = I will go to the **museum** next time +- ⁠병원은 **박물관** 뒤에 있어요 = The hospital is behind the **museum** +- ⁠선생님은 학생들과 **박물관**에 갔다 = The teacher went to the **museum** with the students @@ -380,7 +1029,7 @@ Literally the English pronunciation of “gas range” in Korean. Example: -- 이 집은 **가스 레인지**가 없어요 = This house doesn’t have a **stove** +- ⁠이 집은 **가스 레인지**가 없어요 = This house doesn’t have a **stove** @@ -394,7 +1043,7 @@ Common Usages: Example: -- 우리는 급식으로 **오리**고기를 먹었어요 = We had **duck** for the school lunch +- ⁠우리는 급식으로 **오리**고기를 먹었어요 = We had **duck** for the school lunch @@ -408,7 +1057,7 @@ Common Usages: Example: -- 그 강아지의 **꼬리**는 아주 귀여워요 = That puppy’s **tail** is very cute +- ⁠그 강아지의 **꼬리**는 아주 귀여워요 = That puppy’s **tail** is very cute @@ -426,7 +1075,7 @@ Common Usages: Example: -- 야구선수는 **공**을 세게 던졌어요 = The baseball player threw the **ball** hard +- ⁠야구선수는 **공**을 세게 던졌어요 = The baseball player threw the **ball** hard @@ -444,7 +1093,7 @@ The passive version of this word (기대되다) is commonly used to s Example: -- 선생님이 3시에 올 것을 **기대했어요** = I **expected** the teacher to come at 3:00 +- ⁠선생님이 3시에 올 것을 **기대했어요** = I **expected** the teacher to come at 3:00 @@ -458,8 +1107,8 @@ Common Usages: Example: -- 빨리 **건너자**! = Quick! Let’s **cross**! -- 저는 거리를 안전하게 **건넜어요** = I **crossed** the street safely +- ⁠빨리 **건너자**! = Quick! Let’s **cross**! +- ⁠저는 거리를 안전하게 **건넜어요** = I **crossed** the street safely @@ -473,8 +1122,8 @@ Common Usages: Example: -- 수업시간 동안 종이를 **던지**지 마세요 = During class, don’t **throw** paper please -- 야구선수는 공을 세게 **던졌어요** = The baseball player **threw** the ball hard +- ⁠수업시간 동안 종이를 **던지**지 마세요 = During class, don’t **throw** paper please +- ⁠야구선수는 공을 세게 **던졌어요** = The baseball player **threw** the ball hard This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video #1. @@ -494,12 +1143,12 @@ Notes: Examples: -- 저는 그 사람을 **싫어해요** = I **don’t like** that person -- 저는 과일을 **싫어해요** = I **dislike** fruit -- 처음에 그 여자를 **싫어했어요** = I **didn’t like** that girl at first -- 그들은 저를 처음부터 **싫어했어요** = They **didn’t** **like** me from the start -- 저는 사람들이 지하철을 급히 타는 것을 **싫어해요** = I **don’t** **like** people getting on the subway in a rush -- 제가 그 여자를 **싫어해**도 그녀를 위해 선물을 사야 되었어요 = Regardless of how much I **dislike** that girl, I still had to buy her a present +- ⁠저는 그 사람을 **싫어해요** = I **don’t like** that person +- ⁠저는 과일을 **싫어해요** = I **dislike** fruit +- ⁠처음에 그 여자를 **싫어했어요** = I **didn’t like** that girl at first +- ⁠그들은 저를 처음부터 **싫어했어요** = They **didn’t like** me from the start +- ⁠저는 사람들이 지하철을 급히 타는 것을 **싫어해요** = I **don’t like** people getting on the subway in a rush +- ⁠제가 그 여자를 **싫어해**도 그녀를 위해 선물을 사야 되었어요 = Regardless of how much I **dislike** that girl, I still had to buy her a present @@ -517,8 +1166,8 @@ This word is usually only used if you are leaving something forever or for a ver Example: -- 한국은 언제 **떠났어요**? = When did you **leave** Korea? -- 아버지가 벌써 **떠났다**는 것을 몰랐어요 = I didn’t know (the fact) that dad already left +- ⁠한국은 언제 **떠났어요**? = When did you **leave** Korea? +- ⁠아버지가 벌써 **떠났다**는 것을 몰랐어요 = I didn’t know (the fact) that dad already **left** @@ -530,7 +1179,7 @@ The noun form of this word translates to “a joke” Example: -- 나의 남자친구는 나에게 **농담**을 많이 **해** = My boyfriend tells me a lot of **jokes** +- ⁠나의 남자친구는 나에게 **농담**을 많이 해 = My boyfriend tells me a lot of **jokes** @@ -544,12 +1193,12 @@ Common Usages: Examples: -- 저는 한국어를 4년 동안 **공부했어요** = I **studied** Korean for 4 years -- 저는 저녁에 **공부했어요** = I **studied** in the evening -- 여름에 저는 **공부하겠어요** = I will **study** in the summer -- 저는 30분 동안 **공부했어요** = I **studied** for 30 minutes -- 저는 내일부터 한국어를 **공부할** **거예요** = I’m going to **study** Korean from tomorrow -- 저는 아침부터 밤까지 **공부**만 **했어요** = From morning to night I only **studied** +- ⁠저는 한국어를 4년 동안 **공부했어요** = I **studied** Korean for 4 years +- ⁠저는 저녁에 **공부했어요** = I **studied** in the evening +- ⁠여름에 저는 **공부하겠어요** = I will **study** in the summer +- ⁠저는 30분 동안 **공부했어요** = I **studied** for 30 minutes +- ⁠저는 내일부터 한국어를 **공부할** **거예요** = I’m going to **study** Korean from tomorrow +- ⁠저는 아침부터 밤까지 **공부**만 **했어요** = From morning to night I only **studied** @@ -565,7 +1214,7 @@ In English we use similar words to describe that one is bored, and that somethin Example: -- 수업은 매우 **지루해요** = Class is so **boring** +- ⁠수업은 매우 **지루해요** = Class is so **boring** @@ -583,7 +1232,7 @@ If you are telling somebody that they look (too) thin, this is usually used in t Example: -- 보통 모델들은 **말라요** = Models are usually **thin** +- ⁠보통 모델들은 **말라요** = Models are usually **thin** @@ -595,8 +1244,8 @@ Example: Example: -- 우리 집은 너무 **멀어요** = Our home is very far -- 저는 먼 병원에 갔어요 = I went to a **far away** hospital (a hospital that is **far away**) +- ⁠우리 집은 너무 **멀어요** = Our home is very **far** +- ⁠저는 먼 병원에 갔어요 = I went to a **far away** hospital (a hospital that is **far away**) @@ -612,7 +1261,7 @@ Most commonly used as “목 마르다” (literally: 그 강은 완전히 **말랐어요** = That river has completely **dried** up +- ⁠그 강은 완전히 **말랐어요** = That river has completely **dried** up @@ -624,8 +1273,8 @@ The pronunciation of this word is closer to “비스타다” Examples: -- 저와 저의 아버지는 너무 **비슷해요** = My father and I are very **similar** -- 저는 친구와 비슷해요 = I am **similar** to my friend +- ⁠저와 저의 아버지는 너무 **비슷해요** = My father and I are very **similar** +- ⁠저는 친구와 비슷해요 = I am **similar** to my friend @@ -646,9 +1295,9 @@ Notes: Example: -- 저는 그 사람이 **싫어요** = I **don’t like** that person -- 학교가 **싫어요** = I **don’t like** school -- 맥주가 **싫어요** = I **don’t like** beer +- ⁠저는 그 사람이 **싫어요** = I **don’t like** that person +- ⁠학교가 **싫어요** = I **don’t like** school +- ⁠맥주가 **싫어요** = I **don’t like** beer @@ -662,11 +1311,11 @@ Like 낡다, 오래되다 can only be used to describe objects – but 낡다 im Example: -- 저는 저의 **오래된** 핸드폰을 팔았어요 = I sold my **old** phone -- 그 식당이 **오래되었다** = That restaurant is old -- 우리는 **오래된** 집에 갔다 = We went to the **old** house -- 한국문화는 **오래됐**고 흥미로워요 = Korean culture is **long/old** and interesting -- 오늘 새로운 복사기가 올 거라서 이 **오래된** 것을 버려야 돼요 = The new photocopier will come today, so we have to throw out this **old** one +- ⁠저는 저의 **오래된** 핸드폰을 팔았어요 = I sold my **old** phone +- ⁠그 식당이 **오래되었다** = That restaurant is **old** +- ⁠우리는 **오래된** 집에 갔다 = We went to the **old** house +- ⁠한국문화는 **오래됐**고 흥미로워요 = Korean culture is **long/old** and interesting +- ⁠오늘 새로운 복사기가 올 거라서 이 **오래된** 것을 버려야 돼요 = The new photocopier will come today, so we have to throw out this **old** one @@ -684,9 +1333,9 @@ Common Usages: Examples: -- 나는 별로 **배고프지 않아** = I’m not really **hungry** -- 저는 먹고 싶지만 **배고프지 않아요** = Even though I want to eat, I am not **hungry** -- 밥을 안 먹으면 **배고플 거야** = If you don’t eat, you will be **hungry** +- ⁠나는 별로 **배고프지 않아** = I’m not really **hungry** +- ⁠저는 먹고 싶지만 **배고프지 않아요** = Even though I want to eat, I am not **hungry** +- ⁠밥을 안 먹으면 **배고플 거야** = If you don’t eat, you will be **hungry** @@ -708,14 +1357,14 @@ Notes: Examples: -- 저는 **오늘**에 시험을 봐 야 돼요 = I need to write an exam today -- 저는 **오늘** 두 번 운동할 것입니다 = I will exercise twice (two times) today -- 저는 **오늘** 아침식사를 못 먹었어요 = I didn’t eat breakfast today -- **오늘** 날씨가 너무 더워요 = **Today** the weather is too hot -- 어제 운동을 해서 **오늘** 저의 팔이 아파요 = My arms are sore **today** because I exercised yesterday -- 저는 **오늘** 네 개의 수업을 가르쳤어요 = I taught four classes today -- 이 수업은 **오늘** 저의 열 번째 수업입니다 = This is my tenth class today -- 저는 **오늘** 오후에 낮잠을 잤어요 = I took a nap in the afternoon **today** +- ⁠저는 **오늘**에 시험을 봐 야 돼요 = I need to write an exam **today** +- ⁠저는 **오늘** 두 번 운동할 것입니다 = I will exercise twice (two times) **today** +- ⁠저는 **오늘** 아침식사를 못 먹었어요 = I didn’t eat breakfast **today** +- ⁠**오늘** 날씨가 너무 더워요 = **Today** the weather is too hot +- ⁠어제 운동을 해서 **오늘** 저의 팔이 아파요 = My arms are sore **today** because I exercised yesterday +- ⁠저는 **오늘** 네 개의 수업을 가르쳤어요 = I taught four classes **today** +- ⁠이 수업은 **오늘** 저의 열 번째 수업입니다 = This is my tenth class **today** +- ⁠저는 **오늘** 오후에 낮잠을 잤어요 = I took a nap in the afternoon **today** @@ -733,14 +1382,14 @@ Notes: Examples: -- 저는 **어제** 학교에 못 갔어요 = I couldn’t go to school yesterday -- 저는 **어제**부터 아팠어요 = I have been sick since (from) yesterday -- 그 건물은 **어제**와 달라요 = That building is different from yesterday -- 나는 **어제** 친구 다섯 명을 만났어 = I met five friends yesterday -- 저는 **어제** 선생님을 처음 만났어요 = I met my teacher for the first time yesterday -- 저는 **어제** 한 시간 동안 야구를 했어요 = I played baseball for an hour yesterday -- 저는 **어제** 여자친구랑 이야기했어요 = I talked with my girlfriend yesterday -- 저는 **어제** 학교에 세 번 갔어요 = I went to school three times **yesterday** +- ⁠저는 **어제** 학교에 못 갔어요 = I couldn’t go to school **yesterday** +- ⁠저는 **어제**부터 아팠어요 = I have been sick since (from) **yesterday** +- ⁠그 건물은 **어제**와 달라요 = That building is different from **yesterday** +- ⁠나는 **어제** 친구 다섯 명을 만났어 = I met five friends **yesterday** +- ⁠저는 **어제** 선생님을 처음 만났어요 = I met my teacher for the first time **yesterday** +- ⁠저는 **어제** 한 시간 동안 야구를 했어요 = I played baseball for an hour **yesterday** +- ⁠저는 **어제** 여자친구랑 이야기했어요 = I talked with my girlfriend **yesterday** +- ⁠저는 **어제** 학교에 세 번 갔어요 = I went to school three times **yesterday** @@ -761,13 +1410,13 @@ Notes: Example: -- 저는 **내일** 공원에 갈 거예요 = I am going to the park **tomorrow** -- **내일** 뭐 하고 싶어요? = What do you want to do **tomorrow**? -- 선생님은 **내일** 학생들을 만날 거예요 = The teacher will meet the students tomorrow -- 저는 **내일** 사람 두 명 더 만날 거예요 = I will meet two more people **tomorrow** -- **내일** 학교에 갈 것입니까? = Are you going to school **tomorrow**? -- 너는 **내일** 누구(를) 만날 거야? = Who will you meet **tomorrow**? -- 저는 **내일**부터 건강한 음식만 먹을 거예요 = From **tomorrow**, I am going to eat only healthy food +- ⁠저는 **내일** 공원에 갈 거예요 = I am going to the park **tomorrow** +- ⁠**내일** 뭐 하고 싶어요? = What do you want to do **tomorrow**? +- ⁠선생님은 **내일** 학생들을 만날 거예요 = The teacher will meet the students **tomorrow** +- ⁠저는 **내일** 사람 두 명 더 만날 거예요 = I will meet two more people **tomorrow** +- ⁠**내일** 학교에 갈 것입니까? = Are you going to school **tomorrow**? +- ⁠너는 **내일** 누구(를) 만날 거야? = Who will you meet **tomorrow**? +- ⁠저는 **내일**부터 건강한 음식만 먹을 거예요 = From **tomorrow**, I am going to eat only healthy food @@ -783,7 +1432,7 @@ This word is commonly misspelled as “모래” (which actually means “학교가 **모레** 닫혀 있을 거예요 = The school will be closed **two days from now** +- ⁠학교가 **모레** 닫혀 있을 거예요 = The school will be closed **two days from now** @@ -804,13 +1453,13 @@ This word is more commonly used in compilation with other words rather than by i Example: -- 저는 작**년**에 한국에 갔어요 = I went to Korea last year -- 저는 5**년** 이내에 외국어를 다섯 개 배우고 싶어요 = I want to learn 5 languages within five years -- 우리는 1**년** 안에 결혼할 거예요 = We will get married within one year -- 제가 한국에서 산 지 1**년** 됐어요 = I have been living in Korea for a year -- 그 선생님은 영어를 가르친 지 20 **년** 됐어요 = That teacher has been teaching English for 20 years -- 저는 7**년** 동안 한국에서 살았어요 = I lived in Korea for seven years -- 저는 내**년**에 한국에 갈 거예요 = I will go to Korea next **year** +- ⁠저는 작**년**에 한국에 갔어요 = I went to Korea last **year** +- ⁠저는 5**년** 이내에 외국어를 다섯 개 배우고 싶어요 = I want to learn 5 languages within five **years** +- ⁠우리는 1**년** 안에 결혼할 거예요 = We will get married within one **year** +- ⁠제가 한국에서 산 지 1**년** 됐어요 = I have been living in Korea for a **year** +- ⁠그 선생님은 영어를 가르친 지 20 **년** 됐어요 = That teacher has been teaching English for 20 **years** +- ⁠저는 7**년** 동안 한국에서 살았어요 = I lived in Korea for seven **years** +- ⁠저는 내**년**에 한국에 갈 거예요 = I will go to Korea next **year** @@ -832,8 +1481,8 @@ When talking about a day, “날” should be used. For more informat Examples: -- 저는 토요**일**에 학교에 안 가요 = I don’t go to school on Saturday -- 저는 3**일** 동안 학교에 안 갔어요 = I didn’t go to school for 3 **days** +- ⁠저는 토요**일**에 학교에 안 가요 = I don’t go to school on Satur**day** +- ⁠저는 3**일** 동안 학교에 안 갔어요 = I didn’t go to school for 3 **days** @@ -855,13 +1504,13 @@ You can use this word to indicate that something was done for a certain amount o Examples: -- 저는 두 **시간** 동안 공부했어요 = I studied for two hours -- 저는 세 **시간** 동안 잤어요 = I slept for three hours -- 저는 어제 두 **시간** 동안 TV를 봤어요 = I watched TV for two **hours** yesterday -- 우리는 다음 **시간**에 더 배울 거예요 = We will learn more next **time** -- **시간**이 있으시면 술을 마시러 술집에 갑시다 = If you have **time**, let’s go to a bar to drink alcohol! -- 저는 그것을 지난 **시간**에 배웠어요 = I learned that (thing) last time -- 수업**시간** 동안 종이를 던지지 마세요 = During class (**time**), don’t throw paper please +- ⁠저는 두 **시간** 동안 공부했어요 = I studied for two **hours** +- ⁠저는 세 **시간** 동안 잤어요 = I slept for three **hours** +- ⁠저는 어제 두 **시간** 동안 TV를 봤어요 = I watched TV for two **hours** yesterday +- ⁠우리는 다음 **시간**에 더 배울 거예요 = We will learn more next **time** +- ⁠**시간**이 있으시면 술을 마시러 술집에 갑시다 = If you have **time**, let’s go to a bar to drink alcohol! +- ⁠저는 그것을 지난 **시간**에 배웠어요 = I learned that (thing) last **time** +- ⁠수업**시간** 동안 종이를 던지지 마세요 = During class (**time**), don’t throw paper please This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video #1.