From 895c6cfc18dc3800f7b937b0dee71071c21862c0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: polv Date: Fri, 17 Apr 2026 13:10:19 +0700 Subject: [PATCH] lesson 4 nouns --- docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/03-verbs.md | 350 ++++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 190 insertions(+), 160 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/03-verbs.md b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/03-verbs.md index 5f4b39e..3553c8b 100644 --- a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/03-verbs.md +++ b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/03-verbs.md @@ -137,214 +137,244 @@ Examples: -머리 = head +머리 = head
Common Usages: -머리카락 = hair -머리띠 = hairband -머리핀 = hairpin -머리뼈 = skull -머리가 아프다 = to have a head ache -머리를 감다 = to wash one’s hair -머리를 묶다 = to tie up one’s hair -Notes: This is used to refer to one’s head or the hair on one’s head. For example, if you get a haircut, you can say “머리를 잘랐어요.” Note that this does _not_ mean “I cut my head.” To specifically refer to the hair on your head, you can use “머리카락” +- 머리카락 = hair +- 머리띠 = hairband +- 머리핀 = hairpin +- 머리뼈 = skull +- 머리가 아프다 = to have a headache +- 머리를 감다 = to wash one’s hair +- 머리를 묶다 = to tie up one’s hair + +Notes: + +This is used to refer to one’s head or the hair on one’s head. For example, if you get a haircut, you can say “머리를 잘랐어요.” Note that this does _not_ mean “I cut my head.” To specifically refer to the hair on your head, you can use “머리카락” Examples: -**머리**가 아파서 학교에 못 가요 = I can’t go to school because my **head** hurts -저는 **머리**를 긁었어요 = I scratched my head -머리를 감을 때마다 눈이 아파요 = Every time I wash my **hair**, my eyes hurt -여자의 **머리** 색깔은 자연스러워요 = That girl’s **hair** color is natural -친구가 **머리**를 깎은 것을 알아보지 못했어요 = I couldn’t recognize that my friend cut his hair -저의 **머리**카락을 꼬지 말아 달라고 했어요 = I told her to please stop twisting my **hair** + +- **머리**가 아파서 학교에 못 가요 = I can’t go to school because my **head** hurts +- 저는 **머리**를 긁었어요 = I scratched my **head** +- **머리**를 감을 때마다 눈이 아파요 = Every time I wash my **hair**, my eyes hurt +- 여자의 **머리** 색깔은 자연스러워요 = That girl’s **hair** color is natural +- 친구가 **머리**를 깎은 것을 알아보지 못했어요 = I couldn’t recognize that my friend cut his hair +- 저의 **머리**카락을 꼬지 말아 달라고 했어요 = I told her to please stop twisting my **hair**
-다리 = leg +다리 = leg
Common Usages: -앞다리 = an animal’s front legs -뒷다리 = an animal’s back (hind) legs -양다리 = a way to refer to a person who has two girlfriends or boyfriends -양반다리를 하다 = to cross one’s legs -다리가 후들거리다 = for one’s legs to shake -Example: **다리**가 길었으면 좋겠어요 = I wish my **legs** were long +- 앞다리 = an animal’s front legs +- 뒷다리 = an animal’s back (hind) legs +- 양다리 = a way to refer to a person who has two girlfriends or boyfriends +- 양반다리를 하다 = to cross one’s legs +- 다리가 후들거리다 = for one’s legs to shake -**다리**에 있는 문신을 포함하면 저는 문신 네 개가 있어요 -= If you include the tattoo on my **leg**, I have four tattoos +Example: -제가 스트레칭을 안 하고 바로 운동을 하다가 갑자기 **다리**에 쥐가 났어요 -= I suddenly got a cramp in my **leg** while exercising because I didn’t stretch and exercised right away +- **다리**가 길었으면 좋겠어요 = I wish my **legs** were long +- **다리**에 있는 문신을 포함하면 저는 문신 네 개가 있어요 + - If you include the tattoo on my **leg**, I have four tattoos +- 제가 스트레칭을 안 하고 바로 운동을 하다가 갑자기 **다리**에 쥐가 났어요 + - I suddenly got a cramp in my **leg** while exercising because I didn’t stretch and exercised right away
-손가락 = finger +손가락 = finger
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “손까락” Common Usages: -엄지손가락 = thumb -새끼손가락 = pinky finger -손가락을 베다 = to cut one’s finger -Examples: 저의 **손가락**은 길어요 = My **finger** is long -**손가락**으로 버튼을 눌렀어요 = I pressed the button with my finger -제가 어렸을 때 자꾸 **손가락**을 빠는 버릇이 있어서 엄마에게 많이 혼났어요 = When I was young, I had the habit of sucking my **fingers** so my mom was mad at me a lot - -
- -귀 = ear - -
- -Common Usages: -귓밥 = slang for “earwax” -귀걸이 = earring -귀를 막다 = to cover/block one’s ears - -Example: 토끼는 큰 **귀**가 있어요 = Rabbits have big ears -저는 그녀의 **귀**에 속삭였어요 = I whispered into her ear -너무 시끄러워서 **귀**를 막았어요 = It was so loud so I covered my **ears** - -
- -팔 = arm - -
- -Common Usages: -반팔 = short sleeve shirt -긴팔 long sleeve shirt -팔꿈치 = elbow - -Examples: **팔**이 아파요 = My **arm** is sore -**팔**에 문신이 있어요 = I have a tattoo on my arm -저는 **팔**을 창문 너머로 내밀었어요 = I stuck my **arm** through the window -어제 운동을 해서 오늘 저의 **팔**이 아파요 = My **arms** are sore because I exercised yesterday - -병원에서 넘어져서 **팔**을 다친 아줌마가 약을 무료로 받았어요 -= The older lady who fell in the hospital and hurt her **arm** received free medicine - -
- -눈 = eye - -
- -Common Usages: -눈물 = tear (literally “eye water”) -눈동자 = pupil -눈썹 = eyebrow -속눈썹 = eyelashes -눈병 = some sort of eye disease -눈이 맵다 = the feeling of one’s eyes burning (usually when cutting onions) -인공눈물 = artificial tears (eye drops) - -Examples: **눈**을 뜰 수 없어요 = I can’t open my eyes -저 남자의 **눈**이 진짜 파래요 = That man’s **eyes** are really blue -오늘 너무 피곤해서 **눈**이 자꾸 감겨요 = My **eyes** keep shutting because I’m so tired -너에 있어서 내가 가장 좋아하는 것은 너의 **눈**이야 = My favorite part about you is your **eyes** - -
- -입 = mouth, lips - -
- -Common Usages: -입술 = lips -입냄새 = bad breath -입가심으로 먹다 = to eat something to freshen your mouth/breath - -Example: 저는 저의 여자 친구의 **입**에 키스했어요 = I kissed my girlfriend on the lips -고무를 **입**에 넣어서는 안 돼요 = You shouldn’t put rubber in your mouth -음식을 **입**에 넣은 채 말해서는 안 돼요 = You shouldn’t talk with food in your mouth -마취를 했지만 입에 아직 감각이 있어요 = I received anesthetic, but there is still feeling in my **mouth** - -
- -배 = stomach - -
- -Common Usages: -배가 아프다 = for one’s stomach to be sore -배가 고프다 = to be hungry -배가 부르다 = to be full - -Notes: This word is used for the general area of your abdomen. Medically, the stomach is referred to as “위.” +- 엄지손가락 = thumb +- 새끼손가락 = pinky finger +- 손가락을 베다 = to cut one’s finger Examples: -**배**가 아파요 = My stomach is **sore** -**배**가 너무 아파서 일할 수 없어요 = I can’t work because my **stomach** hurts -밥을 너무 많이 먹어서 **배**가 터질 것 같아요 = My **stomach** might explode because I ate too much + +- 저의 **손가락**은 길어요 = My **finger** is long +- **손가락**으로 버튼을 눌렀어요 = I pressed the button with my finger +- 제가 어렸을 때 자꾸 **손가락**을 빠는 버릇이 있어서 엄마에게 많이 혼났어요 + - When I was young, I had the habit of sucking my **fingers** so my mom was mad at me a lot
-버스 = bus +귀 = ear
Common Usages: -마을버스 = village bus -좌석 버스 = a bus with more seats -시외버스 = inter-city bus -우등버스 = first class bus -버스운전사/버스기사 = bus driver -버스를 타다 = to ride a bus -버스에서 내리다 = to get off a bus -Examples: -저는 서울역에서 **버스**를 탔어요 = I got on the **bus** at Seoul station -다음 **버스**는 저 정류장에서 출발할 거예요 = The next **bus** will depart from that stop -택시는 **버스**보다 더 빨라요 = The taxi is quicker than the bus -이 **버스**는 10분마다 와요 = This **bus** comes each/every 10 minutes -우리는 이미 **버스**를 놓쳤을 것 같아요 = We probably already missed the **bus** -**버스**운전사는 승객들을 버스에 서울역에서 태웠어요 = The **bus** driver took on riders at Seoul Station - -
- -배 = boat - -
- -Common Usages: -배를 타다 = to take/ride a boat +- 귓밥 = slang for “earwax” +- 귀걸이 = earring +- 귀를 막다 = to cover/block one’s ears Example: -저는 제주도에 **배**로 갔어요 = I went to Jeju by **boat** -**배**가 선착장에 아직 도착하지 않았어요 = The **boat** hasn’t arrived at the wharf yet -**배**가 많이 흔들거려서 멀미가 났어요 = The **boat** rocked a lot so I was seasick + +- 토끼는 큰 **귀**가 있어요 = Rabbits have big ears +- 저는 그녀의 **귀**에 속삭였어요 = I whispered into her ear +- 너무 시끄러워서 **귀**를 막았어요 = It was so loud so I covered my **ears**
-우리 = us/we +팔 = arm
Common Usages: -우리의 = our (the 의 is often omitted) -우리말 = “our language” (Korean people often use this to refer to the Korean language) -우리 팀 = our team -우리 집 = our house + +- 반팔 = short sleeve shirt +- 긴팔 = long sleeve shirt +- 팔꿈치 = elbow Examples: -**우리**는 어제 서울에 갔어요 = **We** went to Seoul yesterday -저는 **우리** 집을 나무로 지었어요 = I built **our** house out of wood -**우리는** 야구를 1시에 할 거예요 = **We** will play baseball at 1:00 -**우리는** 7시 20분에 시작할 거예요 = **We** will start at 7:20 -**우리** 둘째 아들은 고등학생이에요 = **Our** second son is a high school student -**우리** 셋째 아이는 야구를 좋아해요 = **Our** third child likes baseball -**우리가** 지난 번에 계획이 없었어요 = **We** didn’t have plans last time -**우리는** 지난 번에 돼지고기를 먹었어요 = **We** ate pork last time -**우리는** 6일 동안 만나지 않았어요 = **We** didn’t meet for 6 days + +- **팔**이 아파요 = My **arm** is sore +- **팔**에 문신이 있어요 = I have a tattoo on my arm +- 저는 **팔**을 창문 너머로 내밀었어요 = I stuck my **arm** through the window +- 어제 운동을 해서 오늘 저의 **팔**이 아파요 = My **arms** are sore because I exercised yesterday +- 병원에서 넘어져서 **팔**을 다친 아줌마가 약을 무료로 받았어요 + - The older lady who fell in the hospital and hurt her **arm** received free medicine + +
+ +눈 = eye + +
+ +Common Usages: + +- 눈물 = tear (literally “eye water”) +- 눈동자 = pupil +- 눈썹 = eyebrow +- 속눈썹 = eyelashes +- 눈병 = some sort of eye disease +- 눈이 맵다 = the feeling of one’s eyes burning (usually when cutting onions) +- 인공눈물 = artificial tears (eye drops) + +Examples: + +- **눈**을 뜰 수 없어요 = I can’t open my eyes +- 저 남자의 **눈**이 진짜 파래요 = That man’s **eyes** are really blue +- 오늘 너무 피곤해서 **눈**이 자꾸 감겨요 = My **eyes** keep shutting because I’m so tired +- 너에 있어서 내가 가장 좋아하는 것은 너의 **눈**이야 = My favorite part about you is your **eyes** + +
+ +입 = mouth, lips + +
+ +Common Usages: + +- 입술 = lips +- 입냄새 = bad breath +- 입가심으로 먹다 = to eat something to freshen your mouth/breath + +Example: + +- 저는 저의 여자 친구의 **입**에 키스했어요 = I kissed my girlfriend on the lips +- 고무를 **입**에 넣어서는 안 돼요 = You shouldn’t put rubber in your mouth +- 음식을 **입**에 넣은 채 말해서는 안 돼요 = You shouldn’t talk with food in your mouth +- 마취를 했지만 입에 아직 감각이 있어요 = I received anesthetic, but there is still feeling in my **mouth** + +
+ +배 = stomach + +
+ +Common Usages: + +- 배가 아프다 = for one’s stomach to be sore +- 배가 고프다 = to be hungry +- 배가 부르다 = to be full + +Notes: + +This word is used for the general area of your abdomen. Medically, the stomach is referred to as “위.” + +Examples: + +- **배**가 아파요 = My stomach is **sore** +- **배**가 너무 아파서 일할 수 없어요 = I can’t work because my **stomach** hurts +- 밥을 너무 많이 먹어서 **배**가 터질 것 같아요 = My **stomach** might explode because I ate too much + +
+ +버스 = bus + +
+ +Common Usages: + +- 마을버스 = village bus +- 좌석 버스 = a bus with more seats +- 시외버스 = inter-city bus +- 우등버스 = first class bus +- 버스운전사 / 버스기사 = bus driver +- 버스를 타다 = to ride a bus +- 버스에서 내리다 = to get off a bus + +Examples: + +- 저는 서울역에서 **버스**를 탔어요 = I got on the **bus** at Seoul station +- 다음 **버스**는 저 정류장에서 출발할 거예요 = The next **bus** will depart from that stop +- 택시는 **버스**보다 더 빨라요 = The taxi is quicker than the bus +- 이 **버스**는 10분마다 와요 = This **bus** comes each/every 10 minutes +- 우리는 이미 **버스**를 놓쳤을 것 같아요 = We probably already missed the **bus** +- **버스**운전사는 승객들을 버스에 서울역에서 태웠어요 = The **bus** driver took on riders at Seoul Station + +
+ +배 = boat + +
+ +Common Usages: + +- 배를 타다 = to take/ride a boat + +Example: + +- 저는 제주도에 **배**로 갔어요 = I went to Jeju by **boat** +- **배**가 선착장에 아직 도착하지 않았어요 = The **boat** hasn’t arrived at the wharf yet +- **배**가 많이 흔들거려서 멀미가 났어요 = The **boat** rocked a lot so I was seasick + +
+ +우리 = us/we + +
+ +Common Usages: + +- 우리의 = our (the 의 is often omitted) +- 우리말 = “our language” (Korean people often use this to refer to the Korean language) +- 우리 팀 = our team +- 우리 집 = our house + +Examples: + +- **우리**는 어제 서울에 갔어요 = **We** went to Seoul yesterday +- 저는 **우리** 집을 나무로 지었어요 = I built **our** house out of wood +- **우리는** 야구를 1시에 할 거예요 = **We** will play baseball at 1:00 +- **우리는** 7시 20분에 시작할 거예요 = **We** will start at 7:20 +- **우리** 둘째 아들은 고등학생이에요 = **Our** second son is a high school student +- **우리** 셋째 아이는 야구를 좋아해요 = **Our** third child likes baseball +- **우리가** 지난 번에 계획이 없었어요 = **We** didn’t have plans last time +- **우리는** 지난 번에 돼지고기를 먹었어요 = **We** ate pork last time +- **우리는** 6일 동안 만나지 않았어요 = **We** didn’t meet for 6 days