lesson 13 remaining grammar quiz

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@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ sentence:
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-15.mp3 audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-15.mp3
en: I ate bread **with** a friend en: I ate bread **with** a friend
with_more: with_(more):
- ko: 저는 녹차를 엄마랑 같이 마셨어요 - ko: 저는 녹차를 엄마랑 같이 마셨어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-16.mp3 audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-16.mp3
en: I drank green tea with my mom en: I drank green tea with my mom
@@ -540,6 +540,89 @@ sentence:
- ko: 저는 친구와 집에 함께 있어요 - ko: 저는 친구와 집에 함께 있어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-20.mp3 audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-20.mp3
en: I’m with a friend at home en: I’m with a friend at home
to:
- ko: 아버지는 아들**에게** 돈을 준다
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/29.mp3
en: The father gives money **to** his son
- ko: 나는 학생들**한테** 한국어를 가르쳤어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/30.mp3
en: I taught Korean **to** the students
- ko: 저는 부장님**께** 그 사실을 말할 거예요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-13-s1.mp3
en: I will tell that (fact) **to** my boss
- ko: 나는 책을 교장선생님**께** 줬어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/32.mp3
en: I gave the principal a book
from:
- ko: 나는 나의 여자친구**에게서** 편지를 받았어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/33.mp3
en: I received a letter **from** my girlfriend
- ko: 저는 교감선생님**에게서** 한국어를 배웠어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-13-s2.mp3
en: I learned Korean **from** my vice principal
- ko: 저는 그것을 친구**한테서** 들었어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-13-s3.mp3
en: I heard that **from** my friend
로부터:
- ko: 나는 나의 여자친구**로부터** 편지를 받았어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-22.mp3
en: I received a letter **from** my girlfriend
- ko: 저는 교감선생님**으로부터** 한국어를 배웠어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-23.mp3
en: I learned Korean **from** my vice principal
- ko: 저는 그것을 친구**로부터** 들었어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-24.mp3
en: I heard that **from** my friend
- ko: 저는 친구들**로부터** 사랑을 많이 받았어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-25.mp3
en: I received a lot of love **from** friends
- ko: 아버지**로부터** 선물이 왔어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-26.mp3
en: A present came **from** my father
- ko: 나는 돈을 정부**로부터** 받았어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/41.mp3
en: I received money **from** the government
- ko: 이것을 하늘**로부터** 받았어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-27.mp3
en: I received this **from** the sky (heavens)
for:
- ko: 나는 나의 여자 친구를 **위해(서)** 꽃을 샀어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/43.mp3
en: I bought flowers **for** my girlfriend
- ko: 나는 부장님을 **위해(서)** 이것을 썼어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/44.mp3
en: I wrote this **for** my boss
- ko: 저는 친구를 **위해** 빵을 만들었어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-28.mp3
en: I made bread **for** my friend
- ko: 아버지를 **위해** 시원한 물을 준비했어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-29.mp3
en: I prepared cool water **for** my father
- ko: 저는 회사를 **위해** 열심히 일할 거예요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/47.mp3
en: I will work hard **for** the company
about:
- ko: 나는 너**에 대해** 생각했어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-30.mp3
en: I thought **about** you
- ko: 나는 나의 아버지**에 대해** 말했어
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-31.mp3
en: I spoke **about** my father
- ko: 나는 그것**에 대해** 책을 쓸 거야
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/50.mp3
en: I will write a book **about** it
- ko: 그 회계사는 정부**에 대해** 나쁜 말을 했어요
audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-32.mp3
en: That accountant said bad things **about** the government
--- ---
# Lesson 13: Korean Particles: and, with, to, from, for, about # Lesson 13: Korean Particles: and, with, to, from, for, about
@@ -1255,6 +1338,8 @@ You can download all of these files in one package [here](https://www.howtostudy
In the last lesson, you learned some important Korean particles that you can use in a wide variety of situations. There are still a few more basic particles that you need to be aware of before you can begin learning more complex grammar. Most of these particles are very common, so it is hard to build sentences using more complex grammar without the use of what you learned in [Lesson 12](./12-more-particles.md), and what you will learn in this lesson. Let’s get started! In the last lesson, you learned some important Korean particles that you can use in a wide variety of situations. There are still a few more basic particles that you need to be aware of before you can begin learning more complex grammar. Most of these particles are very common, so it is hard to build sentences using more complex grammar without the use of what you learned in [Lesson 12](./12-more-particles.md), and what you will learn in this lesson. Let’s get started!
<VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" />
## Particles (and): ~과/와, ~랑/이랑 and ~하고 ## Particles (and): ~과/와, ~랑/이랑 and ~하고
<VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" category="and" /> <VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" category="and" />
@@ -1347,7 +1432,7 @@ _Notice that I used_ ~와 _with_ 함께 _instead of_ ~랑*. Just like with the m
_To add an additional level of complexity to this explanation –_ 같이 _is more commonly used than_ 함께 (같이 _is probably one of the most common words in Korean, while_ 함께 _would fall much further down the list). However, when_ 함께 *is used, it is more likely to be used with ~*과/와*. These are just generalizations based on observations of years of speaking with Korean people.* _To add an additional level of complexity to this explanation –_ 같이 _is more commonly used than_ 함께 (같이 _is probably one of the most common words in Korean, while_ 함께 _would fall much further down the list). However, when_ 함께 *is used, it is more likely to be used with ~*과/와*. These are just generalizations based on observations of years of speaking with Korean people.*
<VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" category="with_more" /> <VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" category="with_(more)" />
More examples: More examples:
@@ -1374,6 +1459,8 @@ Remember, “my hands” are the method by which you did something, so, as you l
## Particles (to): 에게/한테/께 ## Particles (to): 에게/한테/께
<VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" category="to" />
These three particles can all be used to indicate that you are doing (usually giving) something TO somebody. 에게, 한테 and 께 all have the same meaning, but ~한테 is usually used <span class="md spoiler">in conversation</span>, ~에게 is usually <span class="md spoiler">written</span> (although it is still said in conversation very often) and ~께 is used when the person you are giving something to requires <span class="md spoiler">respect</span> (께 is the honorific form of 에게/한테). These three particles can all be used to indicate that you are doing (usually giving) something TO somebody. 에게, 한테 and 께 all have the same meaning, but ~한테 is usually used <span class="md spoiler">in conversation</span>, ~에게 is usually <span class="md spoiler">written</span> (although it is still said in conversation very often) and ~께 is used when the person you are giving something to requires <span class="md spoiler">respect</span> (께 is the honorific form of 에게/한테).
- 아버지는 아들에게 돈을 준다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/29.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">The father gives money to his son</span> - 아버지는 아들에게 돈을 준다 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/29.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">The father gives money to his son</span>
@@ -1390,6 +1477,8 @@ _Again, the word_ *“*드리다*” would most likely be used instead of* 주
## Particles (from): ~에게서/한테서/(으)로부터 ## Particles (from): ~에게서/한테서/(으)로부터
<VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" category="from" />
You learned in [Lesson 12](./12-more-particles.md) that ~에서 can be used to mean “from” in a wide variety of situations. ~에게서/한테서 can also have the translation of “from,” but they are used in a more restricted way. You learned in [Lesson 12](./12-more-particles.md) that ~에서 can be used to mean “from” in a wide variety of situations. ~에게서/한테서 can also have the translation of “from,” but they are used in a more restricted way.
~에게서/한테서 has the meaning that is opposite of ~에게/한테/께, which means it is used when somebody receives something from somebody. These particles are attached to the person from whom one receives something. For example: ~에게서/한테서 has the meaning that is opposite of ~에게/한테/께, which means it is used when somebody receives something from somebody. These particles are attached to the person from whom one receives something. For example:
@@ -1401,6 +1490,8 @@ The “thing” that is being received doesn’t need to be something physical.
- 저는 교감선생님에게서 한국어를 배웠어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-13-s2.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I learned Korean from my vice principal</span> - 저는 교감선생님에게서 한국어를 배웠어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-13-s2.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I learned Korean from my vice principal</span>
- 저는 그것을 친구한테서 들었어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-13-s3.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I heard that from my friend</span> - 저는 그것을 친구한테서 들었어요 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-13-s3.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I heard that from my friend</span>
<VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" category="로부터" />
A very similar particle is ~(으)로부터. This particle can also be attached to the person from whom one receives something. For example: A very similar particle is ~(으)로부터. This particle can also be attached to the person from whom one receives something. For example:
- 나는 나의 여자친구로부터 편지를 받았어 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-22.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I received a letter from my girlfriend</span> - 나는 나의 여자친구로부터 편지를 받았어 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-22.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I received a letter from my girlfriend</span>
@@ -1420,6 +1511,8 @@ To summarize, ~(으)로부터 can be used to indicate that one receives somethin
## Do something for somebody: ~을/를 위해(서) ## Do something for somebody: ~을/를 위해(서)
<VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" category="for" />
If you want to say that you are doing something FOR (the benefit of) somebody, you can add ~를/을 to the person who you are doing something for, followed by 위해(서): If you want to say that you are doing something FOR (the benefit of) somebody, you can add ~를/을 to the person who you are doing something for, followed by 위해(서):
- 나는 나의 여자 친구를 위해(서) 꽃을 샀어 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/43.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I bought flowers for my girlfriend</span> - 나는 나의 여자 친구를 위해(서) 꽃을 샀어 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/43.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I bought flowers for my girlfriend</span>
@@ -1451,6 +1544,8 @@ This isn’t incredibly important right now, but I thought I’d mention it. “
## About something ~에 대해 ## About something ~에 대해
<VocabQuiz fm-key="sentence" category="about" />
~에 대해 can also be attached to nouns like 를/을 위해, but this has the meaning of “about.” It’s very easy to understand when used in simple situations: ~에 대해 can also be attached to nouns like 를/을 위해, but this has the meaning of “about.” It’s very easy to understand when used in simple situations:
- 나는 너에 대해 생각했어 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-30.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I thought about you</span> - 나는 너에 대해 생각했어 <AudioButton src="https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Lesson-13-sentence-30.mp3" /> = <span class="md spoiler">I thought about you</span>