diff --git a/docs/.vitepress/theme/components/VocabQuiz.vue b/docs/.vitepress/theme/components/VocabQuiz.vue index 66f5c49..a16891b 100644 --- a/docs/.vitepress/theme/components/VocabQuiz.vue +++ b/docs/.vitepress/theme/components/VocabQuiz.vue @@ -51,11 +51,12 @@ /> -
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diff --git a/docs/.vitepress/theme/types.ts b/docs/.vitepress/theme/types.ts index bfeb097..99989fe 100644 --- a/docs/.vitepress/theme/types.ts +++ b/docs/.vitepress/theme/types.ts @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ export const Voc = z.object({ get usage() { return z.array(Voc).optional(); }, - notes: z.string().optional(), + notes: z.union([z.string(), z.array(z.string())]).optional(), get examples() { return z.array(Voc).optional(); }, diff --git a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/10-numbers.md b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/10-numbers.md index 8d31db2..4a2e5bf 100644 --- a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/10-numbers.md +++ b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/10-numbers.md @@ -298,6 +298,280 @@ vocabulary: examples: - ko: 저의 여자 친구는 스물 **살**이에요 en: My girlfriend is 20 **years old** + +sentence: + sino_korean_num: + - ko: 십일 + en: "11" + notes: (10 + 1) + - ko: 이십 + en: "20" + notes: (2 x 10) + - ko: 이십일 + en: "21" + notes: (2 x 10 + 1) + - ko: 이십이 + en: "22" + notes: (2 x 10 + 2) + - ko: 백일 + en: "101" + notes: (100 + 1) + - ko: 백이 + en: "102" + notes: (100 + 2) + - ko: 백구십 + en: "190" + notes: (100 + 90) + - ko: 구백 + en: "900" + notes: (9 x 100) + - ko: 천구백 + en: "1900" + notes: (1000 + 9 x 100) + - ko: 오천 + en: "5000" + notes: (5 x 1000) + - ko: 오천육백 + en: "5600" + notes: (5 x 1000 + 6 x 100) + - ko: 십만 + en: one hundred thousand + - ko: 백만 + en: one million + - ko: 천만 + en: ten million + + counter: + - ko: 사람 두 명 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-1.mp3 + en: 2 people + notes: &counter-change | + + - ko: 사람 한 명 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-3.mp3 + en: 1 person + notes: *counter-change + - ko: 펜 다섯 개 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-5.mp3 + en: 5 pens + notes: *counter-change + - ko: 펜 마흔네 개 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-7.mp3 + en: 44 pens + notes: *counter-change + + - ko: 두 명의 사람 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-2.mp3 + en: 2 people + - ko: 한 명의 사람 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-4.mp3 + en: 1 person + - ko: 다섯 개의 펜 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-6.mp3 + en: 5 pens + - ko: 마흔네 개의 펜 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-8.mp3 + en: 44 pens + + - ko: 나는 펜 네 개를 샀어 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-1.mp3 + en: I bought four pens + - ko: 나는 햄버거 두 개를 먹었어 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-2.mp3 + en: I ate two hamburgers + - ko: 나는 어제 친구 다섯 명을 만났어 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-3.mp3 + en: I met five friends yesterday + + - ko: 나는 네 개의 펜을 샀어 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-12.mp3 + en: I bought four pens + - ko: 나는 두 개의 햄버거를 먹었어 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-13.mp3 + en: I ate two hamburgers + - ko: 나는 어제 다섯 명의 친구를 만났어 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-10-1.mp3 + en: I met five friends yesterday + + - ko: 그 사람은 차 네 대가 있어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-4.mp3 + en: That person has four cars + - ko: 저는 우유 두 잔을 샀어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-5.mp3 + en: I bought two glasses of milk + - ko: 저는 땅콩 두 개를 먹었어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-6.mp3 + en: I ate two peanuts + + 번: + - ko: 저는 어제 학교에 세 번 갔어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-18.mp3 + en: I went to school three times yesterday + notes: *counter-change + - ko: 저는 그 영화를 다섯 번 봤어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-19.mp3 + en: I saw that movie five times + - ko: 저는 오늘 두 번 운동할 것입니다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-20.mp3 + en: I will exercise twice (two times) today + - ko: 저는 어제 고기를 두 번 먹었어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-7.mp3 + en: I ate meat twice yesterday + - ko: 저는 오늘 축구를 네 번 할 거예요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-8.mp3 + en: I will play soccer four times today + + time: + - ko: 2시 30분 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-23.mp3 + en: 두 시 삼십 분 + notes: + - 두 시 삼십 분 + - &time-number-types | + The pure Korean numbers are used when saying the hour number, whereas the Sino-Korean numbers are used when saying the minute number. + + - ko: 3시 10분 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-24.mp3 + en: 세 시 십 분 + notes: + - 세 시 십 분 + - *time-number-types + - ko: 12시 50분 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-25.mp3 + en: 열두 시 오십 분 + notes: + - 열두 시 오십 분 + - *time-number-types + + - ko: 나는 5시에 먹을 거야 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-26.mp3 + en: I will eat at 5:00 + - ko: 나는 2시 30분에 왔어 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-10-2.mp3 + en: I came at 2:30 + - ko: 우리는 야구를 1시에 할 거예요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-9.mp3 + en: We will play baseball at 1:00 + - ko: 우리는 7시 20분에 시작할 거예요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-10-s1.mp3 + en: We will start at 7:20 + + 살: + - ko: 저는 열 살이에요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-10-s2.mp3 + en: I am ten years old + - ko: 저의 여자 친구는 스물여섯 살이에요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-10-s3.mp3 + en: My girlfriend is twenty six years old + + - ko: 몇 살이에요? + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson-10-s4.mp3 + en: How old are you? + + 번째: + - ko: 저의 **첫 번째** 친구는 착했어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-33.mp3 + en: My **first** friend was nice + - ko: 저는 **첫 번째** 차를 싫어했어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-10.mp3 + en: I didn’t like that **first** car + + - ko: 그 **두 번째** 선생님은 똑똑했어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-35.mp3 + en: That second teacher was smart + - ko: 저는 **두 번째** 남자를 골랐어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-11.mp3 + en: I chose the **second** man + + - ko: 이 여권은 저의 **세 번**째 여권이에요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-12.mp3 + en: This passport is my **third** passport + - ko: 저는 **세 번**째 문을 열었어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-13.mp3 + en: I opened the **third** door + + - ko: 저는 **네 번째** 사람이었어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-14.mp3 + en: I was the **fourth** person + - ko: 이 아이는 저의 **네 번째 **아들이에요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-15.mp3 + en: This person is my **fourth** son + + - ko: 이 수업은 오늘 저의 열 번째 수업입니다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-16.mp3 + en: This is my **tenth** class today + - ko: 저는 백 번째 페이지를 읽었어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-17.mp3 + en: I read the 100**th** page + + 첫째: + - ko: 우리 **둘째** 아들은 고등학생이에요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-18.mp3 + en: Our **second** son is a high school student + notes: &ordinal-shortening | + + - ko: 우리 **셋째** 아이는 야구를 좋아해요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-19.mp3 + en: Our **third** child likes baseball + notes: *ordinal-shortening + - ko: 이 아이는 우리 **첫째** 아들이에요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-20.mp3 + en: This (child) is our **first** son + notes: *ordinal-shortening + + - ko: 우리 **둘째**는 고등학생이에요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-21.mp3 + en: Our **second** (child) is a high school student + notes: *ordinal-shortening + - ko: 우리 **셋째**는 야구를 좋아해요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-22.mp3 + en: Our **third** (child) likes baseball + notes: *ordinal-shortening + - ko: 이 아이는 우리 **첫째**예요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-23.mp3 + en: This (child) is our **first** (child) + notes: *ordinal-shortening + + 마지막: + - ko: 이것은 저의 **마지막** 수업이에요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-49.mp3 + en: This is my **last** class + - ko: 저는 **마지막** 것을 안 봤어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-50.mp3 + en: I didn’t see the **last** thing (I didn’t see that last one) + + 처음: + - ko: 처음에 그 여자를 싫어했어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-51.mp3 + en: I didn’t like that girl at first + notes: &at-first | + 처음에 = at first/in the beginning + - ko: 저는 처음에 체육 수업을 싫어했어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Lesson10-Feb-10-24.mp3 + en: At first I didn’t like PE class + notes: *at-first + + - ko: 저는 어제 선생님을 처음 만났어요 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-53.mp3 + en: I met my teacher for the first time yesterday + notes: &first-occurence | + Put in a sentence as an adverb to indicate this is the first time something has happened + - ko: 저는 내일 한국에 처음 갈 것입니다 + audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lesson10-54.mp3 + en: I will go to Korea for the first time tomorrow + notes: *first-occurence --- # Lesson 10: Korean Numbers @@ -638,11 +912,15 @@ You can download all of these files in one package [here](https://www.howtostudy ## Korean Numbers + + Korean numbers are actually very easy once you get the hang of them. But, because they are so different from English numbers, it is often hard for English speakers to fully understand them at first. First thing you need to know, there are two sets of numbers in Korean: The pure Korean numbers and the numbers derived from Chinese (called Sino-Korean numbers). Let’s look at the Sino-Korean numbers first, because they are easier: ### Sino-Korean Numbers + + These are the Sino-Korean numbers as provided earlier: - 일 = one @@ -733,6 +1011,8 @@ Again, don’t worry about memorizing each of those yet. Whenever I talk about n ### Counters + + When counting anything in Korean, you need to use the pure Korean numbers. In addition, one thing that is very hard for English speakers to wrap their head around is that, when counting most things in Korean, you need to also include a ‘counter.’ The most common counters are: - 개 = counter for things @@ -844,6 +1124,8 @@ You should use “공” when talking about: ## 번 - Counter of Behavior or Action + + 번 is a common counter that counts behavior or actions, and is not directly counted with a noun in a sentence. Putting a number before “번” creates an adverb that tells you how many times something was done. It is an adverb, so 를/을 is usually not attached to it. - 저는 어제 학교에 세 번 갔어요 = I went to school three times yesterday @@ -856,6 +1138,8 @@ This is fairly simple to use, but you will continue to learn about this word in ## Telling Korean Time + + There are so many different ways to talk about time (seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, etc…). You will learn more about how to indicate when you did/do/will do something using these ‘time’ words in the [next lesson](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-11/). In this lesson, however, you will learn about telling time, as in the time on a clock. When talking about the hour, as in ‘2 o’clock’ all you need to do is put 시 after a number: @@ -902,6 +1186,8 @@ These times can now go in a sentence as usual by adding 에 to indica ## Age + + When indicating how old a person is, you should use pure Korean numbers along with the word “살” which is a counter for ages. For example: - 저는 열 살이에요 = I am ten years old @@ -915,6 +1201,8 @@ You haven’t learned how to ask questions yet, so it is difficult for me to exp ## 번째: First, Second, Third, etc… + + 번째 can be used after a number like a counter to mean first/second/third/etc. When saying “first”, “첫” replaces “한”. For example: @@ -948,6 +1236,8 @@ After the number four, the words don’t change when adding 번째. For example: - 이 수업은 오늘 저의 열 번째 수업입니다 = This is my tenth class today - 저는 백 번째 페이지를 읽었어요 = I read the 100th page + + Sometimes you might see these numbers + counters used in the following way: - 첫 번째 = 첫째 = first @@ -984,6 +1274,8 @@ Another place you will see words like 첫째 and 둘째 is when making lists abo _I didn’t make audio recordings for the above sentences because I feel they would more likely be written than spoken._ + + Another useful word is 마지막 which often translates to ‘last.’ It is often confusing for English speakers to understand the usage of 마지막 at first because the word “last” has more than one usage in English. 마지막 is used to refer to the _final_ (last) thing at the end of sequence… as in “first meal… second meal… third meal… fourth meal… final (last) meal.” It is not used to refer to a “previous” thing. Notice the difference between these two usages of “last night”: - Last night (the previous night) I went to the movies @@ -1000,6 +1292,8 @@ In these examples, 마지막 is being used as a descrip ## 처음– First Time + + 처음 is a very complex word that can be used in many situations. I have been studying Korean for years and I still don’t know how to use it perfectly in all situations. It can be used in sentences when you are talking about the first time something is being done. It can be used as a noun or an adverb, depending on the situation (which adds to it’s complexity). The two most common situations are: 1. 처음에 … (at first/in the beginning) diff --git a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/11-time.md b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/11-time.md index 6f27b24..cf1af0a 100644 --- a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/11-time.md +++ b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/11-time.md @@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ vocabulary: - ko: 개월 audio: https://www.howtostudykorean.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Lesson11v14.mp3 - en: month + en: month (counter) notes: |

When counting months, you can either use 달 or 개월. When using 달, you must use the pure Korean numbers, and when using 개월, you must use the Sino-Korean numbers. There is no difference in meaning, and both are used frequently

examples: