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docs/howtostudykorean/theme/04-shopping.md
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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "가게"
en: "store (general term)"
notes: |
<p>General, all-purpose word for "store" or "shop." Compare with the more specific terms below: 시장 (market), 백화점 (department store), 슈퍼 (supermarket), 편의점 (convenience store), and 서점 (bookstore) are all technically types of 가게, but Koreans usually use the specific word rather than 가게 when the type of store is known.</p>
General, all-purpose word for "store" or "shop." Compare with the more specific terms below: 시장 (market), 백화점 (department store), 슈퍼 (supermarket), 편의점 (convenience store), and 서점 (bookstore) are all technically types of 가게, but Koreans usually use the specific word rather than 가게 when the type of store is known.
examples:
- ko: "이 **가게**는 몇 시에 열어요?"
en: "What time does this **store** open?"
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "시장"
en: "market"
notes: |
<p>An open-air or general market, as opposed to a single store. See 전통시장 below for the "traditional market" variant.</p>
An open-air or general market, as opposed to a single store. See 전통시장 below for the "traditional market" variant.
examples:
- ko: "이 **시장**에 사람이 너무 많아요"
en: "There are so many people at the **market**"
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "전통시장"
en: "traditional market"
notes: |
<p>전통 (traditional) + 시장 (market). Refers to old-style, often outdoor Korean markets, as opposed to a modern supermarket or department store.</p>
전통 (traditional) + 시장 (market). Refers to old-style, often outdoor Korean markets, as opposed to a modern supermarket or department store.
examples:
- ko: "**전통시장**이 어디에 있는 지 알아요?"
en: "Do you know where the **traditional market** is?"
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "슈퍼"
en: "supermarket"
notes: |
<p>Shortened form of 슈퍼마켓 (supermarket), used the same way in everyday speech.</p>
Shortened form of 슈퍼마켓 (supermarket), used the same way in everyday speech.
examples:
- ko: "저는 **슈퍼**에 갔다 왔어요"
en: "I went to the **supermarket** (and came back here)"
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "돈"
en: "money"
notes: |
<p>General word for money. Compare with 현금 below, which specifically means "cash" (as opposed to card/electronic payment).</p>
General word for money. Compare with 현금 below, which specifically means "cash" (as opposed to card/electronic payment).
examples:
- ko: "**돈**이 부족해요"
en: "I don't have enough **money**"
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "현금"
en: "cash"
notes: |
<p>Specifically "cash," used to contrast with paying by card (신용 카드/체크 카드).</p>
Specifically "cash," used to contrast with paying by card (신용 카드/체크 카드).
examples:
- ko: "**현금**으로 계산해도 돼요?"
en: "Can I pay in **cash**?"
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "신용 카드"
en: "credit card"
notes: |
<p>Often written/spoken without the space as 신용카드. Compare with 체크 카드 (debit card) below — the two are easily confused.</p>
Often written/spoken without the space as 신용카드. Compare with 체크 카드 (debit card) below — the two are easily confused.
examples:
- ko: "**신용카드**로 계산할게요"
en: "I'll use a **credit card** to pay for this"
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "체크 카드"
en: "debit card"
notes: |
<p>Also often written without the space as 체크카드. Money is withdrawn directly from your bank account, unlike 신용 카드 (credit card).</p>
Also often written without the space as 체크카드. Money is withdrawn directly from your bank account, unlike 신용 카드 (credit card).
examples:
- ko: "**체크카드**로 계산할게요"
en: "I'll pay with a **debit card**"
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "적립카드"
en: "point card"
notes: |
<p>A store loyalty/points card. Compare with 할인카드 below (a discount card), which is a different kind of card — one saves up points, the other gives an immediate discount.</p>
A store loyalty/points card. Compare with 할인카드 below (a discount card), which is a different kind of card — one saves up points, the other gives an immediate discount.
examples:
- ko: "**적립카드**가 있어요?"
en: "Do you have a **point card**?"
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "할인"
en: "discount"
notes: |
<p>The noun/verb-stem "discount," used in compounds like 할인상품 (discounted product) and 할인카드 (discount card), or on its own with 하다/해 주다 ("to give a discount").</p>
The noun/verb-stem "discount," used in compounds like 할인상품 (discounted product) and 할인카드 (discount card), or on its own with 하다/해 주다 ("to give a discount").
examples:
- ko: "**할인**상품이 어디에 있어요?"
en: "Where are the **discount** products?"
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "할인카드"
en: "discount card"
notes: |
<p>Sometimes written 할인 카드 with a space. A physical card that grants a discount, as opposed to 적립카드 (a point/loyalty card that accumulates points over time).</p>
Sometimes written 할인 카드 with a space. A physical card that grants a discount, as opposed to 적립카드 (a point/loyalty card that accumulates points over time).
examples:
- ko: "**할인 카드**가 있으시면 주세요"
en: "If you have a **discount card**, please give it to me"
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "값"
en: "price"
notes: |
<p>A more native/colloquial word for "price," often used in casual speech and in compounds like 반값 (half price). Compare with 가격 below, which is the more formal/written Sino-Korean equivalent — the two are largely interchangeable but 가격 sounds slightly more formal.</p>
A more native/colloquial word for "price," often used in casual speech and in compounds like 반값 (half price). Compare with 가격 below, which is the more formal/written Sino-Korean equivalent — the two are largely interchangeable but 가격 sounds slightly more formal.
examples:
- ko: "이 옷 **값**이 얼마예요?"
en: "How much is the **price** of these clothes?"
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "반값"
en: "half price"
notes: |
<p>반 (half) + 값 (price).</p>
반 (half) + 값 (price).
examples:
- ko: "저는 이 책을 **반값**에 샀어요"
en: "I bought this book for **half price**"
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "가격"
en: "price"
notes: |
<p>The more formal, Sino-Korean word for "price," commonly seen in writing (menus, signs, price tags) as well as speech. Compare with 값 above.</p>
The more formal, Sino-Korean word for "price," commonly seen in writing (menus, signs, price tags) as well as speech. Compare with 값 above.
examples:
- ko: "다른 데에서 **가격**을 비교하자"
en: "Let's compare **prices** at another place"
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "가격표"
en: "price tag"
notes: |
<p>가격 (price) + 표 (tag/label/chart).</p>
가격 (price) + 표 (tag/label/chart).
examples:
- ko: "이 셔츠는 **가격표**가 없어요"
en: "This shirt doesn't have a **price tag**"
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "중고"
en: "used"
notes: |
<p>An attributive word meaning "used/secondhand," placed before a noun (e.g. 중고 신발 "used shoes"). Compare with 중고품 below, which is a standalone noun meaning "a used item."</p>
An attributive word meaning "used/secondhand," placed before a noun (e.g. 중고 신발 "used shoes"). Compare with 중고품 below, which is a standalone noun meaning "a used item."
examples:
- ko: "저는 **중고** 신발을 샀어요"
en: "I bought **used** shoes"
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "중고품"
en: "a used item (second hand goods)"
notes: |
<p>중고 (used) + 품 (goods/item) — a standalone noun, unlike 중고 above which needs to attach to another noun.</p>
중고 (used) + 품 (goods/item) — a standalone noun, unlike 중고 above which needs to attach to another noun.
examples:
- ko: "이 **중고품**은 상태가 좋아요"
en: "This **used item** is in good condition"
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "고객(님)"
en: "customer"
notes: |
<p>님 is an honorific suffix added when addressing or referring to a customer politely (e.g. in stores). Compare with 점원 below (the store worker) — opposite roles in a transaction.</p>
님 is an honorific suffix added when addressing or referring to a customer politely (e.g. in stores). Compare with 점원 below (the store worker) — opposite roles in a transaction.
examples:
- ko: "그 주인은 **고객님**들을 잘 대우해요"
en: "That owner treats the **customers** well"
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "점원"
en: "worker at a store"
notes: |
<p>Refers to the staff member/clerk working at a store, as opposed to 고객(님) (the customer).</p>
Refers to the staff member/clerk working at a store, as opposed to 고객(님) (the customer).
examples:
- ko: "**점원**한테 물어보세요"
en: "Ask the **store worker**"
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "팔다"
en: "to sell"
notes: |
<p>Compare with 되팔다 below (to resell).</p>
Compare with 되팔다 below (to resell).
examples:
- ko: "이 가게는 신발을 **팔아요**"
en: "This store **sells** shoes"
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "되팔다"
en: "to resell"
notes: |
<p>되- (re-) + 팔다 (to sell).</p>
되- (re-) + 팔다 (to sell).
examples:
- ko: "저는 그 신발을 **되팔았어요**"
en: "I **resold** those shoes"
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "내다"
en: "to pay"
notes: |
<p>Used specifically for "paying" an amount (e.g. 돈을 내다, 세금을 내다). Compare with 계산하다 below, which is more about "settling/calculating the payment" at checkout.</p>
Used specifically for "paying" an amount (e.g. 돈을 내다, 세금을 내다). Compare with 계산하다 below, which is more about "settling/calculating the payment" at checkout.
examples:
- ko: "제가 돈을 **낼게요**"
en: "I'll **pay** the money"
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "계산하다"
en: "to pay for"
notes: |
<p>Literally "to calculate," used in the context of a store to mean "to pay/settle the bill." Compare with 내다 above.</p>
Literally "to calculate," used in the context of a store to mean "to pay/settle the bill." Compare with 내다 above.
examples:
- ko: "신용카드로 **계산할게요**"
en: "I'll use a credit card **to pay** for this"
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "환불하다"
en: "to refund"
notes: |
<p>The examples below use the related noun form 환불 (refund) with 되다/받다, which is very common in everyday speech alongside the plain verb 환불하다.</p>
The examples below use the related noun form 환불 (refund) with 되다/받다, which is very common in everyday speech alongside the plain verb 환불하다.
examples:
- ko: "환불은 안 됩니다"
en: "No refund"
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "장을 보다"
en: "to do the groceries"
notes: |
<p>Literally "to see/look at the market" (장 = market, 보다 = to see), an idiomatic expression for grocery shopping.</p>
Literally "to see/look at the market" (장 = market, 보다 = to see), an idiomatic expression for grocery shopping.
examples:
- ko: "저는 주말마다 **장을 봐요**"
en: "I **do the groceries** every weekend"
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "적립하다"
en: "to save/accumulate (things like points)"
notes: |
<p>The examples below use the related passive form 적립되다 (to be accumulated) and 적립을 받다 (to receive/earn points), which are more natural in everyday speech than the plain active form.</p>
The examples below use the related passive form 적립되다 (to be accumulated) and 적립을 받다 (to receive/earn points), which are more natural in everyday speech than the plain active form.
examples:
- ko: "적립카드를 신청하시면 포인트가 **적립됩니다**"
en: "If you get a point card, you can **save** points"
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "입다"
en: "to wear"
notes: |
<p>Compare with 입어보다 below (to try something on), which adds 보다 ("to try, see") to this verb.</p>
Compare with 입어보다 below (to try something on), which adds 보다 ("to try, see") to this verb.
examples:
- ko: "저는 오늘 셔츠를 **입었어요**"
en: "I **wore** a shirt today"
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "입어보다"
en: "to try something on"
notes: |
<p>입다 (to wear) + 보다 (to try, see) — literally "to wear and see."</p>
입다 (to wear) + 보다 (to try, see) — literally "to wear and see."
examples:
- ko: "이 바지를 **입어봐도** 돼요?"
en: "Can I **try** these pants **on**?"
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "싸다"
en: "cheap"
notes: |
<p>Compare with 저렴하다 below, a slightly more polite/formal word for "inexpensive," often preferred in customer-facing or business contexts.</p>
Compare with 저렴하다 below, a slightly more polite/formal word for "inexpensive," often preferred in customer-facing or business contexts.
examples:
- ko: "이 신발은 정말 **싸요**"
en: "These shoes are really **cheap**"
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ vocabulary:
- ko: "저렴하다"
en: "inexpensive"
notes: |
<p>A more polite/formal way to say something is "cheap" or reasonably priced, compared to the more casual/blunt 싸다. Often used by salespeople describing their own products.</p>
A more polite/formal way to say something is "cheap" or reasonably priced, compared to the more casual/blunt 싸다. Often used by salespeople describing their own products.
examples:
- ko: "이 가게는 가격이 **저렴해요**"
en: "This store's prices are **inexpensive**"