diff --git a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/13-and-with.md b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/13-and-with.md index e4e4b10..1c952aa 100644 --- a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/13-and-with.md +++ b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/13-and-with.md @@ -9,21 +9,27 @@
Common usages: -사실을 인정하다 = to admit the truth -그것이 사실이다 = that is the truth -사실은… = the fact is… -Notes: Often used at the start of sentences to mean “actually…” When used like this, it is common to colloquially say “실은…” +- 사실을 인정하다 = to admit the truth +- 그것이 사실이다 = that is the truth +- 사실은… = the fact is… + +Notes: + +Often used at the start of sentences to mean “actually…” When used like this, it is common to colloquially say “실은…” Also commonly used as the noun in a quoted version of ~는 것. For example: -그녀는 아이가 죽었다는 **사실**을 숨겼어요 = She hid (the **fact** that) her child died + +- 그녀는 아이가 죽었다는 **사실**을 숨겼어요 = She hid (the **fact** that) her child died + See [Lesson 52](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit-3-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-3-lessons-51-58/lesson-52/) for more information on this. It can also be used to literally mean “fact” -그것은 **사실**이에요? = Is that **true**? (is that a **fact**?) -저는 그 **사실**을 백과사전에 찾았어요 = I looked up that **fact** in an encyclopedia -이 **사실**을 부장님께 알려 줘야겠어요 = I guess I should tell the boss (about) that fact -저는 부장님에게 그 **사실**을 말할 거예요 = I will tell that (**fact**) to my boss + +- 그것은 **사실**이에요? = Is that **true**? (is that a **fact**?) +- 저는 그 **사실**을 백과사전에 찾았어요 = I looked up that **fact** in an encyclopedia +- 이 **사실**을 부장님께 알려 줘야겠어요 = I guess I should tell the boss (about) that fact +- 저는 부장님에게 그 **사실**을 말할 거예요 = I will tell that (**fact**) to my boss
@@ -32,16 +38,18 @@ It can also be used to literally mean “fact”
Common Usages: -약국 = pharmacy -약사 = pharmacist -약을 먹다 = to take medicine -치약 = toothpaste -약을 짓다/처방하다 = to prescribe medicine + +- 약국 = pharmacy +- 약사 = pharmacist +- 약을 먹다 = to take medicine +- 치약 = toothpaste +- 약을 짓다 / 약을 처방하다 = to prescribe medicine Examples: -이렇게 아프면 **약**을 먹어야 돼요! = If you are this sick, you should take some **medicine**! -저는 이 약을 하루에 두 번 먹어요 = I eat (take) this medicine twice per day -**약**을 안 먹는다면 열이 나빠질 수도 있어요 = If you don’t eat/take this **medicine**, the fever could get worse + +- 이렇게 아프면 **약**을 먹어야 돼요! = If you are this sick, you should take some **medicine**! +- 저는 이 **약**을 하루에 두 번 먹어요 = I eat (take) this **medicine** twice per day +- **약**을 안 먹는다면 열이 나빠질 수도 있어요 = If you don’t eat/take this **medicine**, the fever could get worse
@@ -50,16 +58,18 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: -음악가 = musician -음악을 듣다 = to listen to music -음악을 녹음하다 = to record music -음악을 틀다 = to turn on music -음악을 연주하다 = to play music (with an instrument) + +- 음악가 = musician +- 음악을 듣다 = to listen to music +- 음악을 녹음하다 = to record music +- 음악을 틀다 = to turn on music +- 음악을 연주하다 = to play music (with an instrument) Example: -저는 **음악**을 듣는 것을 좋아요 = I like listening to music -저는 **음악**을 듣고 있어요 = I am listening to music -우리는 **음악**을 같이 들었어요 = We listened to **music** together + +- 저는 **음악**을 듣는 것을 좋아요 = I like listening to music +- 저는 **음악**을 듣고 있어요 = I am listening to music +- 우리는 **음악**을 같이 들었어요 = We listened to **music** together
@@ -68,16 +78,23 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -하늘만큼 땅만큼 = An idiom that is like saying “thiiiiissss much” For example: -나는 너를 하늘만큼 땅만큼 사랑해 = I love you thiiiiiissss much.” -More literally, “as much as the earth and the sky” -하느님 = Literally, the “respected one in the sky” + +- 하늘만큼 땅만큼 = An idiom that is like saying “thiiiiissss much” + +For example: + +- 나는 너를 하늘만큼 땅만큼 사랑해 = I love you thiiiiiissss much.” + +More literally, “as much as the earth and the sky” + +- 하느님 = Literally, the “respected one in the sky” Examples: -**하늘**에 비행기가 있어요 = There is a plane in the sky -하늘에 별이 많아요 = There are many stars in the sky -이것을 **하늘**로부터 받았어요 = I received this from the sky (heavens) -비가 온 다음 날에 **하늘**은 보라색으로 바꿨어요 = The **sky** turned purple the day after the rain + +- **하늘**에 비행기가 있어요 = There is a plane in the **sky** +- **하늘**에 별이 많아요 = There are many stars in the sky +- 이것을 **하늘**로부터 받았어요 = I received this from the sky (heavens) +- 비가 온 다음 날에 **하늘**은 보라색으로 바꿨어요 = The **sky** turned purple the day after the rain
@@ -86,13 +103,17 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: -땅값 = the price of land -땅콩 = peanut -Notes: ‘독도는 우리땅이다’ is a famous saying that Korean people use to express that Dokdo, the disputed territory between Korea and Japan belongs to Korea. This was written on a sign by a fan during the 2012 Olympics in London and when the Korean team one, a Korean player took the sign and ran around the field with it. The player got in a lot of trouble for bringing political elements into the Olympics. By the way, Dokdo does belong to Korea. +- 땅값 = the price of land +- 땅콩 = peanut + +Notes: + +‘독도는 우리땅이다’ is a famous saying that Korean people use to express that Dokdo, the disputed territory between Korea and Japan belongs to Korea. This was written on a sign by a fan during the 2012 Olympics in London and when the Korean team one, a Korean player took the sign and ran around the field with it. The player got in a lot of trouble for bringing political elements into the Olympics. By the way, Dokdo does belong to Korea. Example: -한국은 다른 나라보다 **땅**이 작아요 = Korea’s **land** is small compared to other countries + +- 한국은 다른 나라보다 **땅**이 작아요 = Korea’s **land** is small compared to other countries
@@ -101,12 +122,14 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -지하철 underground railway/subway -지하층 = underground floor, basement -지하 주차장 = underground parking lot + +- 지하철 = underground railway/subway +- 지하층 = underground floor, basement +- 지하 주차장 = underground parking lot Examples: -차는 지하 **주차장**에 있어요 = The car is in the **underground** parking lot + +- 차는 지하 **주차장**에 있어요 = The car is in the **underground** parking lot
@@ -115,14 +138,16 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: -빵집 = bakery -빵 껍질 = bread crust + +- 빵집 = bakery +- 빵 껍질 = bread crust Example: -저는 **빵**을 먹고 싶어요 = I want to eat bread -저는 친구를 위해 **빵**을 만들었어요 = I made **bread** for my friend -우리는 **빵**을 같이 먹었어요 = We ate **bread** together -애기는 **밥**하고 빵을 먹었어요= The baby ate rice and **bread** + +- 저는 **빵**을 먹고 싶어요 = I want to eat bread +- 저는 친구를 위해 **빵**을 만들었어요 = I made **bread** for my friend +- 우리는 **빵**을 같이 먹었어요 = We ate **bread** together +- 애기는 **밥**하고 빵을 먹었어요 = The baby ate rice and **bread**
@@ -131,13 +156,15 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -쓰레기통 = garbage can -쓰레기 봉투 = garbage bag + +- 쓰레기통 = garbage can +- 쓰레기 봉투 = garbage bag Examples: -**쓰레기**를 버려 주세요 = Please throw out your garbage -이 떡은 **쓰레기** 맛 같아 = This 떡 tastes like garbage -쓰레기는 월요일마다 수거된다 = **Garbage** is collected every Monday + +- **쓰레기**를 버려 주세요 = Please throw out your garbage +- 이 떡은 **쓰레기** 맛 같아 = This 떡 tastes like **garbage** +- **쓰레기**는 월요일마다 수거된다 = **Garbage** is collected every Monday [This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video 5.] @@ -150,11 +177,13 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: -공인회계사 = public accountant + +- 공인회계사 = public accountant Examples: -저는 **회계사**가 되고 싶어요 = I want to be an accountant -그 회계사는 정부에 대해 나쁜 말을 했어요 = That accountant said bad things about the government + +- 저는 **회계사**가 되고 싶어요 = I want to be an accountant +- 그 **회계사**는 정부에 대해 나쁜 말을 했어요 = That **accountant** said bad things about the government
@@ -163,9 +192,10 @@ Examples:
Examples: -**녹차** 두 잔을 주세요 = Give me two cups of **green tea**, please -**녹차**는 한국에서 유명해요 = **Green Tea** is famous in Korea -저는 약과 **녹차**만 샀어요 = I only bought medicine and **green tea** + +- **녹차** 두 잔을 주세요 = Give me two cups of **green tea**, please +- **녹차**는 한국에서 유명해요 = **Green Tea** is famous in Korea +- 저는 약과 **녹차**만 샀어요 = I only bought medicine and **green tea**
@@ -174,14 +204,16 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: -잇몸 = gums -이가 빠지다 = to lose a tooth -이를 쑤시다 = use a toothpick to pick one’s teeth -이를 빼다 = to get a tooth pulled -이가 시리다 = that feeling when your teeth are cold + +- 잇몸 = gums +- 이가 빠지다 = to lose a tooth +- 이를 쑤시다 = use a toothpick to pick one’s teeth +- 이를 빼다 = to get a tooth pulled +- 이가 시리다 = that feeling when your teeth are cold Example: -치과의사는 저의 **이**를 두 개 뺐어요 = The dentist took out two of my **teeth** + +- 치과의사는 저의 **이**를 두 개 뺐어요 = The dentist took out two of my **teeth**
@@ -190,9 +222,10 @@ Example:
Example: -한국에서는 **정부**가 국립학교를 통제해요 = In Korea, the **government** controls the public schools -한국 **정부**는 교통사고를 방지하려고 노력하고 있어요 = The Korean **government** is trying to prevent traffic accidents -그 회계사는 정부에 대해 나쁜 말을 했어요 = That accountant said bad things about the government + +- 한국에서는 **정부**가 국립학교를 통제해요 = In Korea, the **government** controls the public schools +- 한국 **정부**는 교통사고를 방지하려고 노력하고 있어요 = The Korean **government** is trying to prevent traffic accidents +- 그 회계사는 **정부**에 대해 나쁜 말을 했어요 = That accountant said bad things about the **government**
@@ -201,12 +234,14 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -성격 차이 = difference in personalities + +- 성격 차이 = difference in personalities Examples: -그 사람의 성격은 좋아요 = That person’s personality is good -우리의 **성격**은 달라요 = Our **personalities** are different -서울에서 사는 사람들의 **성격**은 너무 급해요= The people who live in Seoul have a very fast **personality** (rushed/impatient nature) + +- 그 사람의 **성격**은 좋아요 = That person’s **personality** is good +- 우리의 **성격**은 달라요 = Our **personalities** are different +- 서울에서 사는 사람들의 **성격**은 너무 급해요 = The people who live in Seoul have a very fast **personality** (rushed/impatient nature)
@@ -215,15 +250,20 @@ Examples:
Common Usages: -높은 온도 = high temperature -낮은 온도 = low temperature -실내온도 = the temperature indoors) -온도를 높이다 =increase the temperature -온도를 내리다 =decrease the temperature -Notes: The word 체온 is used to refer to one’s body temperature. +- 높은 온도 = high temperature +- 낮은 온도 = low temperature +- 실내온도 = the temperature (indoors) +- 온도를 높이다 = increase the temperature +- 온도를 내리다 = decrease the temperature -Example: 교실이 너무 더워서 **온도**를 내려도 돼요? = Because the classroom is too hot, may I lower the **temperature**? +Notes: + +The word 체온 is used to refer to one’s body temperature. + +Example: + +- 교실이 너무 더워서 **온도**를 내려도 돼요? = Because the classroom is too hot, may I lower the **temperature**?
@@ -232,12 +272,16 @@ Example: 교실이 너무 더워서 **온도**를 내려도 돼요? = Because th
Common Usages: -커튼을 치다 = close the curtains -Notes: Korean pronunciation of the word “curtain” +- 커튼을 치다 = close the curtains + +Notes: + +Korean pronunciation of the word “curtain” Example: -창문이 **커튼**으로 가려져 있어요 = The window is covered by the **curtains** + +- 창문이 **커튼**으로 가려져 있어요 = The window is covered by the **curtains**
@@ -246,11 +290,14 @@ Example:
Common Usages: -숨을 쉬다 = to breathe -숨을 내쉬다 = to exhale -숨을 들이마시다 = to inhale -Example: 공기가 나빠서 저는 **숨**을 못 쉬어요 = I can’t **breathe** because the air is bad +- 숨을 쉬다 = to breathe +- 숨을 내쉬다 = to exhale +- 숨을 들이마시다 = to inhale + +Example: + +- 공기가 나빠서 저는 **숨**을 못 쉬어요 = I can’t **breathe** because the air is bad