diff --git a/docs/.vitepress/theme/components/TTS.vue b/docs/.vitepress/theme/components/TTS.vue
index 3e4d756..1d6899f 100644
--- a/docs/.vitepress/theme/components/TTS.vue
+++ b/docs/.vitepress/theme/components/TTS.vue
@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ async function playAudio() {
const v = voices[Math.floor(Math.random() * voices.length)];
console.log(JSON.stringify(v));
await speak({
- text: mainEl.value.innerText.replace(/[*]/gu, " "),
+ text: mainEl.value.innerText
+ .replace(/[*]/gu, " ")
+ .replace(/[\p{Ps}\p{Pe}]/gu, ""),
language: null,
rate: null,
volume: null,
diff --git a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/08-adverbs.md b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/08-adverbs.md
index 7df280e..cb33467 100644
--- a/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/08-adverbs.md
+++ b/docs/howtostudykorean/unit-1/08-adverbs.md
@@ -338,359 +338,403 @@ Example:
### Verbs
-놀다 = to play
+놀다 = to play
놀다 follows the ㄹ irregular
Common Usages:
-놀이공원 = amusement park
-놀이터 = playground
-물놀이 = to play in water
+
+- 놀이공원 = amusement park
+- 놀이터 = playground
+- 물놀이 = to play in water
Notes:
+
Although “playing” is usually reserved for kids in English, adults in Korean will also say that they “play” with friends. This typically meets that they met and had a good time.
-Example: 저는 어제 친구랑 **놀았어요** = I **played** with a friend yesterday
-아이들은 나무 주위에서 **놀**고 있어요 = The children are **playing** around the tree
-저는 보통 친구들과 시내에서 **놀아요** = I usually **play** **with** (**meet**) my friends downtown
+Example:
+
+- 저는 어제 친구랑 **놀았어요** = I **played** with a friend yesterday
+- 아이들은 나무 주위에서 **놀**고 있어요 = The children are **playing** around the tree
+- 저는 보통 친구들과 시내에서 **놀아요** = I usually **play** **with** (**meet**) my friends downtown
-쓰다 = to use
+쓰다 = to use
쓰다 follows the ㅡ irregular
Common Usages:
-아껴 쓰다 = to save (to use and save)
-Notes: 사용하다 is another common way to say “use”
+- 아껴 쓰다 = to save (to use and save)
-Example: 제가 이것을 **써**도 돼요? = May I **use** this?
-한국 사람들은 밥을 먹을 때 **젓가락**을 써요 = Korean people **use** chopsticks when they eat
-가뭄 때문에 물을 아껴 **써야** 돼요 = We need to **save**/conserve water because of the drought
-요즘에는 사람들이 수표를 안 **써요** = These days, people don’t **use** cheques
-그 쿠폰을 VIPS에서도 **쓸** 수 있어요? = Can you **use** that coupon at VIPS too?
+Notes: 사용하다 is another common way to say “use”
-저 컴퓨터가 고장이 나서 다른 컴퓨터를 **써야** 됩니다
-= You have to **use** another computer because that one is broken
+Example:
-중국 사람들은 소금을 뿌리는 것 대신에 음식에 간장을 써요
-= Instead of using salt, Chinese people put/**use** soy sauce on their food
-
-우리가 벌써 6월에 **쓸** 수 있는 인터넷 용량 제한을 넘었어요
-= We already went over the data/space limit (data cap) that we can **use** for June
-
-친구들끼리는 반말을 쓰고, 어른들과 대화를 할 때는 존댓말을 써요
-= Use informal/casual speech among friends, and when conversing with adults, **use** formal speech
+- 제가 이것을 **써**도 돼요? = May I **use** this?
+- 한국 사람들은 밥을 먹을 때 **젓가락**을 써요 = Korean people **use** chopsticks when they eat
+- 가뭄 때문에 물을 아껴 **써야** 돼요 = We need to **save**/conserve water because of the drought
+- 요즘에는 사람들이 수표를 안 **써요** = These days, people don’t **use** cheques
+- 그 쿠폰을 VIPS에서도 **쓸** 수 있어요? = Can you **use** that coupon at VIPS too?
+- 저 컴퓨터가 고장이 나서 다른 컴퓨터를 **써야** 됩니다
+ - You have to **use** another computer because that one is broken
+- 중국 사람들은 소금을 뿌리는 것 대신에 음식에 간장을 써요
+ - Instead of using salt, Chinese people **put/use** soy sauce on their food
+- 우리가 벌써 6월에 **쓸** 수 있는 인터넷 용량 제한을 넘었어요
+ - We already went over the data/space limit (data cap) that we can **use** for June
+- 친구들끼리는 반말을 쓰고, 어른들과 대화를 할 때는 존댓말을 써요
+ - Use informal/casual speech among friends, and when conversing with adults, **use** formal speech
-쓰다 = to write
+쓰다 = to write
Common Usages:
-편지를 쓰다 = to write a letter
-펜으로 쓰다 = to write with a pen
-Example: 저는 저의 여자 친구를 위해 편지를 **썼어요** = I **wrote** a letter for my girlfriend
-저는 부장님을 위해서 이것을 **썼어요** = I **wrote** this for my boss
-저는 여자친구를 위해 편지를 **쓰**고 싶어요 = I want to **write** a letter for my girlfriend
-저는 펜으로 **쓰**고 싶어요 = I want to **write** with a pen
-그는 손등에 뭔가를 **썼어요** = He **wrote** something on the back of his hand
+- 편지를 쓰다 = to write a letter
+- 펜으로 쓰다 = to write with a pen
+
+Example:
+
+- 저는 저의 여자 친구를 위해 편지를 **썼어요** = I **wrote** a letter for my girlfriend
+- 저는 부장님을 위해서 이것을 **썼어요** = I **wrote** this for my boss
+- 저는 여자친구를 위해 편지를 **쓰**고 싶어요 = I want to **write** a letter for my girlfriend
+- 저는 펜으로 **쓰**고 싶어요 = I want to **write** with a pen
+- 그는 손등에 뭔가를 **썼어요** = He **wrote** something on the back of his hand
-실수하다 = to make a mistake
+실수하다 = to make a mistake
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “실쑤하다”
-The noun form of this word (“실수 ”) translates to “a mistake”
+The noun form of this word (“실수 ”) translates to “a mistake”
Notes:
-By adding “~하다” you can say “to make a mistake”
+
+- By adding “~하다” you can say “to make a mistake”
Example:
-범죄자는 그의 **실수**를 인정했어요 = The criminal acknowledged his mistakes
-제 행동은 **실수**인 것을 깨달았어요 = I realized that my actions (what I did) is/was a **mistake**
+
+- 범죄자는 그의 **실수**를 인정했어요 = The criminal acknowledged his mistakes
+- 제 행동은 **실수**인 것을 깨달았어요 = I realized that my actions (what I did) is/was a **mistake**
-수리하다 = to repair
+수리하다 = to repair
Examples:
-그는 고장 난 컴퓨터를 **수리했어요** = He **repaired** the broken computer
-복사기를 **수리해야** 되었어요 = We had to **repair** the photocopier
-집주인이 물이 흘러나올까 봐 지붕을 **수리했어요** = The landlord was worried that water would flow in, so he **fixed** **up** (**repaired**) the roof
+
+- 그는 고장 난 컴퓨터를 **수리했어요** = He **repaired** the broken computer
+- 복사기를 **수리해야** 되었어요 = We had to **repair** the photocopier
+- 집주인이 물이 흘러나올까 봐 지붕을 **수리했어요** = The landlord was worried that water would flow in, so he **fixed** **up** (**repaired**) the roof
-잡다 = to catch, to grab, to grasp
+잡다 = to catch, to grab, to grasp
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “잡따”
Common Usages:
-자리를 잡다 = to take a place and sit down
-손을 잡다 = to hold one’s hand
-꽉 잡다 = to hold on tight(ly)
+
+- 자리를 잡다 = to take a place and sit down
+- 손을 잡다 = to hold one’s hand
+- 꽉 잡다 = to hold on tight(ly)
Example:
-저는 공을 **잡았어요** = I **caught** the ball
-그는 직업을 바꿀 수 있는 기회를 **잡았어요** = He **seized** the opportunity to change jobs
+
+- 저는 공을 **잡았어요** = I **caught** the ball
+- 그는 직업을 바꿀 수 있는 기회를 **잡았어요** = He **seized** the opportunity to change jobs
-읽다 = to read
+읽다 = to read
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “익따”
Common Usages:
-책을 읽다 = to read a book
+
+- 책을 읽다 = to read a book
Examples:
-저는 이제 더 **읽**기 싫어요 = I don’t want to **read** anymore
-저는 그 책을 **읽**고 싶어요 = I want to **read** that book
-저는 1년에 책 열 권을 **읽**을 수 있어요 = I can **read** ten books in one year
-어떤 소설을 **읽**고 있어요? Which novel are you **reading**?
+
+- 저는 이제 더 **읽**기 싫어요 = I don’t want to **read** anymore
+- 저는 그 책을 **읽**고 싶어요 = I want to **read** that book
+- 저는 1년에 책 열 권을 **읽**을 수 있어요 = I can **read** ten books in one year
+- 어떤 소설을 **읽**고 있어요? = Which novel are you **reading**?
-내다 = to pay for
+내다 = to pay for
Common Usages:
-청구서를 내다 = to pay a bill
+- 청구서를 내다 = to pay a bill
Notes: 내다 can have many other meanings. See [Lesson 14](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-14-korean-passive-verbs/) for more information.
Examples:
-이번에 제가 **낼 거예요** = I will **pay** this time
-아빠가 돈을 이미 **낸** 것 같아요 = It seems like dad already paid
-우리가 청구서를 늦게라도 낼 거예요 = We are going to **pay** the bill, even if it is a little late
+
+- 이번에 제가 **낼 거예요** = I will **pay** this time
+- 아빠가 돈을 이미 **낸** 것 같아요 = It seems like dad already paid
+- 우리가 청구서를 늦게라도 낼 거예요 = We are going to **pay** the bill, even if it is a little late
-받다 = to get, to receive, to acquire
+받다 = to get, to receive, to acquire
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “받따”
Common Usages:
-감동 받다 = to be impressed (literally “to receive an impression”)
-존경 받다 = to be respected (literally “to receive respect”)
+
+- 감동 받다 = to be impressed (literally “to receive an impression”)
+- 존경 받다 = to be respected (literally “to receive respect”)
See [Lesson 14](https://www.howtostudykorean.com/unit1/unit-1-lessons-9-16/lesson-14-korean-passive-verbs/) for more information
Examples:
-제가 보낸 돈을 **받았어요**? = Did you **get** the money that I sent?
-저는 **돈**을 받았어요 = I **received** money
-저는 저의 여자친구에게서 편지를 **받았어요** = I **received** a letter from my girlfriend
-그 문제에 관해 연수를 **받았어요** = We/I **received** training about that problem
-저는 당신의 말에 감동 **받았어요** = I was impressed with what you said
-저는 그 사람이 저에게 줄 선물을 **받**고 싶지 않아요 = I don’t want to **accept** the gift that that person will give me
-만약 제가 선생님이라면 학생들에게 존경을 **받**고 싶을 거예요 = If I were a teacher, I would want to be respected by students
+
+- 제가 보낸 돈을 **받았어요**? = Did you **get** the money that I sent?
+- 저는 **돈**을 받았어요 = I **received** money
+- 저는 저의 여자친구에게서 편지를 **받았어요** = I **received** a letter from my girlfriend
+- 그 문제에 관해 연수를 **받았어요** = We/I **received** training about that problem
+- 저는 당신의 말에 감동 **받았어요** = I was impressed with what you said
+- 저는 그 사람이 저에게 줄 선물을 **받**고 싶지 않아요 = I don’t want to **accept** the gift that that person will give me
+- 만약 제가 선생님이라면 학생들에게 존경을 **받**고 싶을 거예요 = If I were a teacher, I would want to be respected by students
-도착하다 = to arrive
+도착하다 = to arrive
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “도차카다”
Example:
-우리가 목적지에 거의 **도착했어요** = We have almost **arrived** at our destination
-우리가 내일 **도착할** 예정이에요 = We are scheduled to **arrive** tomorrow
-저는 학교에 **도착했어요** = I **arrived** at school
-저는 8월 15일에 **도착할** **거예요** = I will **arrive** on August 15th
+
+- 우리가 목적지에 거의 **도착했어요** = We have almost **arrived** at our destination
+- 우리가 내일 **도착할** 예정이에요 = We are scheduled to **arrive** tomorrow
+- 저는 학교에 **도착했어요** = I **arrived** at school
+- 저는 8월 15일에 **도착할** **거예요** = I will **arrive** on August 15th
-여행하다 = to travel
+여행하다 = to travel
-The noun form of this word (“여행 ”) translates to “a trip”
+The noun form of this word (“여행 ”) translates to “a trip”
Common Usages:
-신혼여행 = honeymoon (newlywed travel)
-배낭여행 = backpacking
+
+- 신혼여행 = honeymoon (newlywed travel)
+- 배낭여행 = backpacking
Examples:
-저는 6개월 동안 **여행했어요** = I **traveled** for 6 months
-저는 하루 동안 **여행했어요** = I **traveled** for 1 day
-**여행**했을 때 사진을 많이 찍었어요 = When I **traveled**, I took a lot of pictures
-그 **여행**은 길게 느껴졌어요 = That **trip** felt like a long time
-저는 한국 어디나 **여행하**고 싶어요 = I want to **travel** everywhere in Korea
-가장 **여행하**고 싶은 나라는 뭐에요? What country do you want to **travel** to the most?
-**여행할** 때 옷을 많이 챙길 필요가 없어요 = I don’t need to pack a lot of clothes when I **travel**
+
+- 저는 6개월 동안 **여행했어요** = I **traveled** for 6 months
+- 저는 하루 동안 **여행했어요** = I **traveled** for 1 day
+- **여행**했을 때 사진을 많이 찍었어요 = When I **traveled**, I took a lot of pictures
+- 그 **여행**은 길게 느껴졌어요 = That **trip** felt like a long time
+- 저는 한국 어디나 **여행하**고 싶어요 = I want to **travel** everywhere in Korea
+- 가장 **여행하**고 싶은 나라는 뭐에요? = What country do you want to **travel** to the most?
+- **여행할** 때 옷을 많이 챙길 필요가 없어요 = I don’t need to pack a lot of clothes when I **travel**
### Adjectives
-완벽하다 = to be perfect
+완벽하다 = to be perfect
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “완벼카다”
-The noun form of this word “완벽” translates to “perfection”
+The noun form of this word “완벽” translates to “perfection”
Common Usages
-완벽주의자 = perfectionist
+
+- 완벽주의자 = perfectionist
Example:
-그녀는 **완벽한** 선생님이에요 = She is a **perfect** teacher
-그 단어로 **완벽한** 문장을 만들어 주세요 = Make a **perfect/complete** sentence using that word, please
-그것은 **완벽한** 식사였습니다 = That was a **perfect** meal
-저의 여자 친구가 **완벽해**서 저는 그녀를 사랑해요 = I love my girlfriend because she is **perfect**
+
+- 그녀는 **완벽한** 선생님이에요 = She is a **perfect** teacher
+- 그 단어로 **완벽한** 문장을 만들어 주세요 = Make a **perfect/complete** sentence using that word, please
+- 그것은 **완벽한** 식사였습니다 = That was a **perfect** meal
+- 저의 여자 친구가 **완벽해**서 저는 그녀를 사랑해요 = I love my girlfriend because she is **perfect**
-아프다 = to be sick, to be sore
+아프다 = to be sick, to be sore
Common Usages:
-배가 아프다 = for one’s stomach to be sore
-아픈 척하다 = to pretend to be sick
+
+- 배가 아프다 = for one’s stomach to be sore
+- 아픈 척하다 = to pretend to be sick
Notes:
-This is used to indicate that you are sick (with a cold or something similar), and to indicate that a part of your body is sore.
+
+- This is used to indicate that you are sick (with a cold or something similar), and to indicate that a part of your body is sore.
Examples:
-어제 운동을 해서 오늘 저의 팔이 아파요 = my arms are **sore** because I exercised yesterday
-제가 너무 **아파**서 많이 먹을 수 없어요 = I can’t eat much because I am very **sick**
-**목이 아파요** = I have a **sore** throat
-저의 몸이 너무 **아파**서 못 가요 = I can’t go because my body is so sore
-저는 너무 많이 걸어서 지금 발이 **아파요** = My feet are **sore** because I walked so much
-할머니는 어제 **아파**서 입원했어요 = Grandma checked into the hospital yesterday because she was **sick**
+
+- 어제 운동을 해서 오늘 저의 팔이 **아파요** = my arms are **sore** because I exercised yesterday
+- 제가 너무 **아파**서 많이 먹을 수 없어요 = I can’t eat much because I am very **sick**
+- 목이 **아파요** = I have a **sore** throat
+- 저의 몸이 너무 **아파**서 못 가요 = I can’t go because my body is so sore
+- 저는 너무 많이 걸어서 지금 발이 **아파요** = My feet are **sore** because I walked so much
+- 할머니는 어제 **아파**서 입원했어요 = Grandma checked into the hospital yesterday because she was **sick**
-똑똑하다 = to be smart
+똑똑하다 = to be smart
Common Usages:
-똑똑한 학생 = smart student
+
+- 똑똑한 학생 = smart student
Examples:
-우리 학교에는 **똑똑한** 학생들이 많아요 = There are a lot of **smart** students at our school
-그 사람은 착하고 **똑똑해요** = That person is kind and **smart**
-여자들이 예뻐도 **똑똑하**지 않으면 매력이 없어요 = Regardless of how pretty girls are, if they are not **smart,** they have no charm
-선생님들은 학생들보다 더 **똑똑해요** = Teachers are **smarter** than students
-저는 **똑똑한** 여자들만 좋아해요 = I only like **smart** girls
-공부하지 않는 학생들은 **똑똑하지** 않아요 = Students who do not study are not smart
-저는 저의 남동생보다 훨씬 **똑똑해요** = I am way/much **smarter** than my brother
+
+- 우리 학교에는 **똑똑한** 학생들이 많아요 = There are a lot of **smart** students at our school
+- 그 사람은 착하고 **똑똑해요** = That person is kind and **smart**
+- 여자들이 예뻐도 **똑똑하**지 않으면 매력이 없어요 = Regardless of how pretty girls are, if they are not **smart,** they have no charm
+- 선생님들은 학생들보다 더 **똑똑해요** = Teachers are **smarter** than students
+- 저는 **똑똑한** 여자들만 좋아해요 = I only like **smart** girls
+- 공부하지 않는 학생들은 **똑똑하지** 않아요 = Students who do not study are not smart
+- 저는 저의 남동생보다 훨씬 **똑똑해요** = I am way/much **smarter** than my brother
-중요하다 = to be important
+중요하다 = to be important
Common Usages:
-중요성 = importance
+
+- 중요성 = importance
Examples:
-그 개념은 **중요하**지 않아요 = That concept is not **important**
-가족은 가장 **중요해요** = Family is the most **important**
-**학생들한테** 영어회화는 **중요하**지 않아요 = English conversation isn’t **important** to Korean students
-학생들이 영어를 배우는 것은 **중요해요** = It is **important** for students to learn English
-이 문제는 시민보건에 아주 **중요한** 것 같아요 = That problem is probably very **important** to the health of the citizens
+
+- 그 개념은 **중요하**지 않아요 = That concept is not **important**
+- 가족은 가장 **중요해요** = Family is the most **important**
+- **학생들한테** 영어회화는 **중요하**지 않아요 = English conversation isn’t **important** to Korean students
+- 학생들이 영어를 배우는 것은 **중요해요** = It is **important** for students to learn English
+- 이 문제는 시민보건에 아주 **중요한** 것 같아요 = That problem is probably very **important** to the health of the citizens
-젊다 = to be young
+젊다 = to be young
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “점따”
Example:
-그녀는 다른 사람보다 젊어 보여요 = She looks younger than other people
-늙다 = to be old
+- 그녀는 다른 사람보다 젊어 보여요 = She looks younger than other people
+
+
+
+늙다 = to be old
+
+
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “늑따”
Notes:
-This is typically only used when somebody is actually old, not when somebody is comparatively older than somebody else.
+
+- This is typically only used when somebody is actually old, not when somebody is comparatively older than somebody else.
Example:
-늙은 아주머니는 넘어졌어요 = The old lady fell over
+
+- 늙은 아주머니는 넘어졌어요 = The old lady fell over
-나쁘다 = to be bad
+나쁘다 = to be bad
나쁘다 follows the ㅡ irregular
Common Usages:
-나쁜 사람 = bad person
-건강에 나쁘다 = for something to be unhealthy
+
+- 나쁜 사람 = bad person
+- 건강에 나쁘다 = for something to be unhealthy
Example:
-그것은 건강에 **나빠요** = That is **bad** for your health
-그 사람의 상황은 **나빠요** = That person’s situation is not good
-그 학생의 태도가 **나빠요** = That student’s attitude is bad
-담배는 건강에 **나빠요** = Cigarettes are **bad** for your health (unhealthy)
-공기가 **나빠**서 저는 숨을 못 쉬어요 = I can’t breathe because the air is bad
-나쁜 소식이 있어요 = There is some **bad** news
-그 **나쁜** 짓을 왜 했어요? = Why did you do that (**bad** action)?
-친구는 **나쁜** 학교에 가고 있어요 = My friend is going to the **bad** school
+
+- 그것은 건강에 **나빠요** = That is **bad** for your health
+- 그 사람의 상황은 **나빠요** = That person’s situation is not good
+- 그 학생의 태도가 **나빠요** = That student’s attitude is bad
+- 담배는 건강에 **나빠요** = Cigarettes are **bad** for your health (unhealthy)
+- 공기가 **나빠**서 저는 숨을 못 쉬어요 = I can’t breathe because the air is **bad**
+- **나쁜** 소식이 있어요 = There is some **bad** news
+- 그 **나쁜** 짓을 왜 했어요? = Why did you do that (**bad** action)?
+- 친구는 **나쁜** 학교에 가고 있어요 = My friend is going to the **bad** school
### Adverbs
-바로 = immediately
+바로 = immediately
Notes:
-바로 can be used to indicate that something happens immediately (in terms of time) or that something is “immediately” close to something (in terms of space.
+
+- 바로 can be used to indicate that something happens immediately (in terms of time) or that something is “immediately” close to something (in terms of space).
Examples:
+
_Time_:
-저는 **바로** 갔어요 = I left immediately
-우리는 집에 와서 **바로** 잤어요 = We came home and went to sleep immediately
-저는 책을 읽고 **바로** 잤어요 = I read the book and then slept **immediately**
+
+- 저는 **바로** 갔어요 = I left immediately
+- 우리는 집에 와서 **바로** 잤어요 = We came home and went to sleep immediately
+- 저는 책을 읽고 **바로** 잤어요 = I read the book and then slept **immediately**
_Space_:
-은행이 학교 바로 옆에 있어요 = The bank is right (immediately) next to the school
+
+- 은행이 학교 바로 옆에 있어요 = The bank is right (immediately) next to the school
-즉시 = immediately
+즉시 = immediately
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “즉씨”
-Notes: 즉시 can only be used to indicate that something happens immediately (in terms of time). It is less common than 바로.
+Notes:
+
+- 즉시 can only be used to indicate that something happens immediately (in terms of time). It is less common than 바로.
Example:
-저는 그 무서운 것을 보고 **즉시** 뛰어갔어요 = I ran away **immediately** after I saw that scary thing
+
+- 저는 그 무서운 것을 보고 **즉시** 뛰어갔어요 = I ran away **immediately** after I saw that scary thing
[This word appears in my Korean Sign Explanation Video 4.]
@@ -698,162 +742,174 @@ Example:
-빨리 = quickly/fast
+빨리 = quickly/fast
-Notes: This is the adverb form of “빠르다”
+Notes: This is the adverb form of “빠르다”
Examples:
-**빨리** 가자! = Let’s go **quickly**!
-왜 너무 **빨리** 먹었어요? = Why did you eat so **fast**?
-저는 너무 **빨리** 먹었어요 = I ate really fast
-열심히 공부한 후에 실력은 **빨리** 늘었어요 = After studying hard, my skills have been increasing quickly
-저는 어젯밤에 잠이 **빨리** 들었어요 = Last night I fell asleep quickly
-우리 엄마는 집에 와서 **빨리** 요리했습니다 = Our/my mom came home and **quickly** cooked
+
+- **빨리** 가자! = Let’s go **quickly**!
+- 왜 너무 **빨리** 먹었어요? = Why did you eat so **fast**?
+- 저는 너무 **빨리** 먹었어요 = I ate really fast
+- 열심히 공부한 후에 실력은 **빨리** 늘었어요 = After studying hard, my skills have been increasing quickly
+- 저는 어젯밤에 잠이 **빨리** 들었어요 = Last night I fell asleep quickly
+- 우리 엄마는 집에 와서 **빨리** 요리했습니다 = Our/my mom came home and **quickly** cooked
-자주 = often
+자주 = often
Examples:
-저는 서울에 **자주** 가요 = I go to Seoul often
-한국어를 얼마나 **자주** 공부해요? = How **often** do you study Korean?
-저의 할머니가 여기에 **자주** 안 오셔요 = My grandmother doesn’t come here often
-저는 저의 친구를 **자주** 만나요 = I meet my friend often
-여자 친구를 얼마나 **자주** 만나요? = How **often** do you meet your girlfriend?
-저는 **자주** 옷을 충동적으로 사요 = I **often** buy clothes impulsively
+
+- 저는 서울에 **자주** 가요 = I go to Seoul often
+- 한국어를 얼마나 **자주** 공부해요? = How **often** do you study Korean?
+- 저의 할머니가 여기에 **자주** 안 오셔요 = My grandmother doesn’t come here often
+- 저는 저의 친구를 **자주** 만나요 = I meet my friend often
+- 여자 친구를 얼마나 **자주** 만나요? = How **often** do you meet your girlfriend?
+- 저는 **자주** 옷을 충동적으로 사요 = I **often** buy clothes impulsively
-가끔 = sometimes
+가끔 = sometimes
-Notes: In English, we would never say “very sometimes,” but in Korean “아주 가끔” is commonly used to stress that something happens “only sometimes.”
-
-Example:
-저는 서울에 **가끔** 가요 = I go to Seoul sometimes
-저는 **가끔** 너무 많이 먹어요 = I eat too much **sometimes**
-
-
-
-많이 = many/a lot of
-
-
-
-The pronunciation of this word is closer to “마니
-
Notes:
-This is the adverb form of “많다”
-Examples:
-저는 저의 여자 친구에게 선물을 **많이** 줬어요 = I gave my girlfriend **a lot of** presents
-저는 밥을 **많이** 먹었어요 = I ate **a lot** **of** rice
-저는 야채를 **많이** 먹겠습니다 = I will eat **a lot** **of** vegetables
-우리는 이번 시간에 **많이** 배웠어 = We learned **a lot** this time
-저는 친구들로부터 사랑을 **많이** 받았어요 = I received **a lot of** love from friends
-저의 친구의 한국어 실력이 **많이** 늘었어요 = My friend’s Korean (skills) **really** increased/got better
-돈을 얼마나 **많이** 가져갈 거예요? = How **much** money will you bring?
+- In English, we would never say “very sometimes,” but in Korean “아주 가끔” is commonly used to stress that something happens “only sometimes.”
+
+Example:
+
+- 저는 서울에 **가끔** 가요 = I go to Seoul sometimes
+- 저는 **가끔** 너무 많이 먹어요 = I eat too much **sometimes**
-방금 = a moment ago
+많이 = many/a lot of
-Examples: 그는 **방금** 나갔어요 = He **just** left
-저는 **방금** 뭔가(를) 봤어요 = I just saw something a minute ago
-방금 들어온 사람은 우리 가게에 자주 오던 손님이야 = The person who **just** came in is a customer who comes to the store often
+The pronunciation of this word is closer to "마니"
+
+Notes:
+
+- This is the adverb form of “많다”
+
+Examples:
+
+- 저는 저의 여자 친구에게 선물을 **많이** 줬어요 = I gave my girlfriend **a lot of** presents
+- 저는 밥을 **많이** 먹었어요 = I ate **a lot** **of** rice
+- 저는 야채를 **많이** 먹겠습니다 = I will eat **a lot** **of** vegetables
+- 우리는 이번 시간에 **많이** 배웠어 = We learned **a lot** this time
+- 저는 친구들로부터 사랑을 **많이** 받았어요 = I received **a lot of** love from friends
+- 저의 친구의 한국어 실력이 **많이** 늘었어요 = My friend’s Korean (skills) **really** increased/got better
+- 돈을 얼마나 **많이** 가져갈 거예요? = How **much** money will you bring?
-갑자기 = suddenly
+방금 = a moment ago
+
+
+
+Examples:
+
+- 그는 **방금** 나갔어요 = He **just** left
+- 저는 **방금** 뭔가(를) 봤어요 = I just saw something **a minute ago**
+- **방금** 들어온 사람은 우리 가게에 자주 오던 손님이야 = The person who **just** came in is a customer who comes to the store often
+
+
+
+갑자기 = suddenly
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “갑짜기”
-Examples: 그 사람은 **갑자기** 밖에 나갔어요 = That person **suddenly** went out
-맑던 하늘이 **갑자기** 어두워졌어요 = The sky that I recall being clear until now **suddenly** became dark
-날씨가 춥다가 **갑자기** 더워졌어요 = The weather was cold, and then **suddenly** became hot
-침실에서 자다가 **갑자기** 돌아가셨어요 = While sleeping in the bedroom, he **suddenly** passed away
+Examples:
-사람이 **갑자기** 많이 와서 저는 그냥 비켜섰어요
-= **All of a sudden** many people came, so I just stepped aside
-
-그 사람의 얼굴이 기억 안 났지만 **갑자기** 제 꿈에 나타났어요
-= I had forgotten that person’s face, but it **suddenly** appeared to me in my dream
+- 그 사람은 **갑자기** 밖에 나갔어요 = That person **suddenly** went out
+- 맑던 하늘이 **갑자기** 어두워졌어요 = The sky that I recall being clear until now **suddenly** became dark
+- 날씨가 춥다가 **갑자기** 더워졌어요 = The weather was cold, and then **suddenly** became hot
+- 침실에서 자다가 **갑자기** 돌아가셨어요 = While sleeping in the bedroom, he **suddenly** passed away
+- 사람이 **갑자기** 많이 와서 저는 그냥 비켜섰어요
+ - **All of a sudden** many people came, so I just stepped aside
+- 그 사람의 얼굴이 기억 안 났지만 **갑자기** 제 꿈에 나타났어요
+ - I had forgotten that person’s face, but it **suddenly** appeared to me in my dream
-매년 = every year
+매년 = every year
Examples:
-저는 **매년** 한국에 가요 = I go to Korea every year
-**매년** 여름, 이 지역에는 홍수가 나요 = A flood occurs **every** summer in this area
-그 대학교는 **매년** 교환학생 100명을 받아요
-= That university receives 100 exchange students **every year**
-
-**매년** 말에 한 해를 마무리하는 행사가 많아요
-= There are a lot of events that close out the year at the end of **every year**
-
-한국의 교통비는 **매년** 오르고 있어요
-= Transportation fees (the fare for buses and subways) are going up **every year** in Korea
-
-건강검진을 받든지 안 받든지 **매년** 정부에 보험료를 내야 돼요
-= It doesn’t matter if you get a health check **every year** or not, you need to pay insurance fees to the government every year
+- 저는 **매년** 한국에 가요 = I go to Korea every year
+- **매년** 여름, 이 지역에는 홍수가 나요 = A flood occurs **every** summer in this area
+- 그 대학교는 **매년** 교환학생 100명을 받아요
+ - That university receives 100 exchange students **every year**
+- **매년** 말에 한 해를 마무리하는 행사가 많아요
+ - There are a lot of events that close out the year at the end of **every year**
+- 한국의 교통비는 **매년** 오르고 있어요
+ - Transportation fees (the fare for buses and subways) are going up **every year** in Korea
+- 건강검진을 받든지 안 받든지 **매년** 정부에 보험료를 내야 돼요
+ - It doesn’t matter if you get a health check **every year** or not, you need to pay insurance fees to the government every year
-다시 = again
+다시 = again
Common Usages:
-다시 한 번 = one more time
+
+- 다시 한 번 = one more time
Example:
-저는 시험을 **다시** 봐야 될 것 같아요 = I will probably have to write the exam again
-제가 어제 만난 사람은 저를 **다시** 만나고 싶어요 = The person I met yesterday wants to meet me again
-저는 밥을 벌써 먹어서 **다시** 안 먹어도 돼요 = I don’t need to eat **again** because I already did
+
+- 저는 시험을 **다시** 봐야 될 것 같아요 = I will probably have to write the exam again
+- 제가 어제 만난 사람은 저를 **다시** 만나고 싶어요 = The person I met yesterday wants to meet me again
+- 저는 밥을 벌써 먹어서 **다시** 안 먹어도 돼요 = I don’t need to eat **again** because I already did
-혼자 = alone
+혼자 = alone
Notes:
-“혼자서” is often used as well
+
+- “혼자서” is often used as well
Example:
-저는 **혼자** 살아요 = I live alone
-저는 엄마가 밥을 왜 **혼자** 먹은지 몰라요 = I don’t know why mom ate **by** **herself** (alone
-우리 아들은 자기 일을 항상 **혼자** 하고 싶어요 = Our son always wants to do his work alone
-저는 운동을 **혼자** 할 수 있어요 = I can exercise **by** **myself**
+
+- 저는 **혼자** 살아요 = I live alone
+- 저는 엄마가 밥을 왜 **혼자** 먹은지 몰라요 = I don’t know why mom ate **by** **herself** (alone)
+- 우리 아들은 자기 일을 항상 **혼자** 하고 싶어요 = Our son always wants to do his work alone
+- 저는 운동을 **혼자** 할 수 있어요 = I can exercise **by** **myself**
-안 = not
+안 = not
Notes
-안 is placed before a verb or adjective to turn it into a negative word. The meaning is synonymous to ~지 않다.
+
+- 안 is placed before a verb or adjective to turn it into a negative word. The meaning is synonymous to ~지 않다.
Examples
-그 여자는 **안** 아름다워요 = That girl is **not** beautiful
-저는 마지막 것을 **안** 봤어요 = I **didn’t** see the last thing
-아침식사를 **안** 먹었어요 = I **didn’t** eat breakfast
-저는 술을 **안** 마시고 싶어요 = I **don’t** want to drink alcohol
-방학 동안 집에 **안** 갔습니까? = You **didn’t** go home during vacation?
-소금을 많이 먹는 것은 건강에 **안** 좋아요 = It is **not** healthy to eat a lot of salt
+
+- 그 여자는 **안** 아름다워요 = That girl is **not** beautiful
+- 저는 마지막 것을 **안** 봤어요 = I **didn’t** see the last thing
+- 아침식사를 **안** 먹었어요 = I **didn’t** eat breakfast
+- 저는 술을 **안** 마시고 싶어요 = I **don’t** want to drink alcohol
+- 방학 동안 집에 **안** 갔습니까? = You **didn’t** go home during vacation?
+- 소금을 많이 먹는 것은 건강에 **안** 좋아요 = It is **not** healthy to eat a lot of salt